2 СЕМЕСТР ГМУ1 / Английский язык / УМКД ГМУ сокр / 10 вопросы к экз

Английский язык

Вопросы к экзамену для направления подготовки «Государственное и муниципальное управление»

Вопрос 1 Переведите текст со словарем. Беседа по теме «Специальность студента»

LEISURE TIME AND HOBBY

Many men, many minds. All people are different and so they prefer spending their free time in different ways. Some of them go the parks, forests, to the country and enjoy the beauty of nature. Others like to stay at home watching TV or reading books. There are people who are fond of cinema and theatres, so they try to go there as often as possible. As for me I prefer

to spend my free time in different ways. I like to go in for sports, to play football, basketball or volleyball with my friends. I like to watch TV, to listen a tape recorder and play computer games. Also I like to go for a walk in the country and enjoy the beauty of nature. And my way of spending free time is connected with my hobby. And my hobby is reading books...

I’ d like to say that it’s hard to imagine our life without books. Books play such a great role in the development of personality. They help as to forget our daily problems and to pretend we travel to the past, future and to many different, wonderful places that we can’t visit in reality. I am also sure that books are our good friends and teachers. From them we get to know the life around as better, they teach as how to tell right from wrong, to love our Motherland, to understand friendship, people’s feelings. So, they teach us how to live.

As for me I like to read different kinds of books

Вопрос 2 Переведите текст со словарем. Беседа по теме «Хакасия. История. Культура. Экономика.»

A business may be privately owned in three different forms. These forms are the sole proprietorship, the partnership and the corporation. The sole proprietorship is the most common in many western countries. For example, more than 80 per cent of all businesses in the United States are sole proprietorships.

But it is evident that sole proprietorships do not do the greatest volume of business. They account for only 16 percent of all business receipts, for example, in America. What kind of business is likely to be a sole proprietorship? First of all, service industries such as laundromats, beauty shops, different repair shops, restaurants.

Вопрос 3 Переведите текст со словарем. Беседа по теме «Страна изучаемого языка. Экономика».

A partnership is an association of two or more persons to carry on a business for profit. When the owners of the partnership have unlimited liability they are called general partners. If partners have limited liability they are "limited partners". There may be a silent partner as well - a person who is known to the public as a member of the firm but without authority in management. The reverse of the silent partner is the secret partner - a person who takes part in management but who is not known to the public.

Any business may have the form of the partnership, for example, in such professional fields as medicine, law, accounting, insurance and stockbrokerage. Limited partnerships are a Common form of ownership in real estate, oil prospecting, quarrying industries, etc.

Partnerships have more advantages than sole proprietorships if one needs a big capital or diversified management. Like sole proprietorship they are easy to form and often get tax benefits from the government.

Partnerships have certain disadvantages too. One is unlimited liability. It means that each partner is responsible for all debts and is legally responsible for the whole business. Another disadvantage is that partners may disagree with each other.

Вопрос 4 Переведите текст со словарем. Беседа по теме «Страна изучаемого языка. Банки и деньги»

Russia occupies a large territory. It streches almost 10 000 (ten thousand) kilometres from east to west and nearly 5 000 (five thousand) kilometres from north to south. Its population is 150 000 000 (one hundred and fifty) million people.

From spring till autumn the sun never sets over Russia: in Kaliningrad people see it sitting in the Baltic, while in Kamchatka it rises out of the Pacific Ocean at the same time. People in our country see the New Year in eleven times in one night.

If you begin to travel in the Far East by air and fly 8 000 kilometres towards the west, you will land in Moscow on the same hour same day that you left the Far East.

It is a wonderful sight when you see our country from the plane. One can hardly imagine a country more interesting to travellers than Russia.

Siberia covers millions of square kilometres. You fly over mountain, endless forests, large and small rivers, railways, motorways. You leave behind the lights of young and small towns, plants and factories. Siberia is a region of untold riches. Father West are the Ural Mountains the border between Asia and Europe. The Urals are rich in different minerals. The country's European part covers the territory from Urals to the Baltic Sea. The largest cities of the Russia are situated between the Black Sea in the south and the White Sea in the north. There is no other country where the climate differs so much from one part to another. When it is still winter in the northern regions of our country the first warm days arrive in the south. In the central regions snow storms and cold are still in power, while in the south people begin to think of spring crops. In the same season nature looks different in different parts of our country. Russia is rich in oil, coal, iron, gold, silver and other minerals.

Вопрос 5 Переведите текст со словарем. Беседа по теме «Сельское хозяйство Хакасии»

Many islands have now become dependent on tourism as their main source of income. The principal industries were originally farming and fishing, with native islanders living off the land, but in contemporary society these activities have been largely ousted to cope with the growing demands of tourism. Attracted by their beaches, the heat and the relaxed atmosphere, islands have now become a popular destination for the sun - worshipping holiday - maker. Every aspectof island life has hence been affected by this influx of foreigners. Restaurants, bars, cafes, discos, hotels and souvenir shops depend on tourists, and in fact could not exist without them.

Obviously a lot of money can be earned from such a florishing industry. The six months of the peak season are a crucil time when the businessmen try to earn as much as they can. Apart from the commercial aspect, it can be said that islanders improve their ability to speak foreign languages. New buildings crop up to accomodate the ever-growing demands of tourists.

Вопрос 6 Переведите текст со словарем. Беседа по теме «Специальность студента»

Kennel Clubs

Practically every city and town in Russia has a Kennel club or service dog-breeding club as they known here. The Hunters' Society has sporting dog-breeding sections and lovers of fancy breeds ( декоративные породы) have dog-lovers' societies. One of the main aims of the service dog-breeding clubs is to breed thoroughbred dogs (чистокровный). Their stock of purebred Alsatian (East European) sheepdogs is of world -wide fame. Experts the world over admire the Caucasian and Central Asian sheepdogs, which have been bred in these regions since ancient times. The husky, or Eskimo dog, has long ceased to be a dog of North alone. It has been exported to Germany, Hungary and Finland. The Russian borzoi (greyhound) ha become a pedigree breed (nopoдa c родословной). Doberman pinchers that originated in our country have several times won top awards at international shows in Italy and Poland.

Dogs are trained at special centers-kennel clubs. The service dog-breeding clubs have training grounds for these purposes. The Moscow kennel Club, which has 50 000 members, has about 40 training grounds. At the annual dog shows the qualified judges appraise the animals' appearance, their performance, pedigrees and the quality of their young.

Every year thousands of young people take part in combined competitions with service dogs. The dog owners must be physically fit and trained, because they have to participate in the 100-met race and after that in the hurdle race. The combined competitions include capturing a trespasser. Every single dog must be vaccinated against hydrophobia.

Вопрос 7 Переведите текст со словарем. Беседа по теме «Хакасия. История. Культура. Экономика»

Rainforests disappear daily. Endangered species are hunted for their pelts. Dolphins drown in tuna nets. Domestic and industrial waste pollutes the seas. The problem with the damage being done to the ozone layer is that it is more difficult to believe in. It has no veracity or immediacy for the majority of the public because they can’t see it. The man in the street does not feel that it is his problem.

The ozone layer is what protects all life on earth from the harmful effects of the sun's ultra violet rays. During the last fifty years or so it has been subjected to a barrage of man-made chemicals, chiefly chlorofluoro carbons or, as they are more familiarly known as CFCs. These gases and their agents are ubiquitous in our society.

Where would we be without factories, refrigerators-domestic and industrial, air-conditioning apparatus, solvents, and last, but definitely not least, aerosol sprays? How many homes are without their air fresheners, hair-sprays, furniture polish, deodorants, flysprays? All of there are part and parcel of domestic life....

Вопрос 8 Переведите текст со словарем. Беседа по теме «Территория и географическое положении Хакасии»

Southern Europe is the place of origin of the rabbit. It is found in varying quantities in every continent on the globe; but the main producing sections are the central and southern parts of Europe and Australia. There is a very interesting species of the rabbit that was originally found in the Porto Santo-Madeira Islands , which lie off the northwestern coast of Africa , that is known as the "silk Rabbit".

Its home is in runways of burrows that it makes in the ground, usually among low-lying bushes. The food of the rabbit consists of soft parts of plants, such as leaves, buds, or roots; and when it can find them it will eat vegetables and garden plants in preference to other plants.

Something of the prolific nature of the rabbit can readily be seen from the fact that it breeds every five weeks from March to October, and each litter (помет) has from 5 to 12 young. These young are immature (незрелый) and naked when born; but in the warm climates they develop so rapidly that in 5 months they are fully matured. In the colder climates, however, the maturing process takes 12 months.

The elders are more careful of their young than the hares are, and the loss (потери) during infancy is not so great as in the latter species.

Вопрос 9 Переведите текст со словарем. Беседа по теме.

«Хакасия. История. Культура. Экономика».

A business may be privately owned in three different forms. These forms are the sole proprietorship, the partnership and the corporation. The sole proprietorship is the most common in many western countries. For example, more than 80 per cent of all businesses in the United States are sole proprietorships.

But it is evident that sole proprietorships do not do the greatest volume of business. They account for only 16 percent of all business receipts, for example, in America. What kind of business is likely to be a sole proprietorship? First of all, service industries such as laundromats, beauty shops, different repair shops, restaurants.

Вопрос 10 Переведите текст со словарем. Беседа по теме.

«Страна изучаемого языка. Банки и деньги»

Russia occupies a large territory. It streches almost 10 000 (ten thousand) kilometres from east to west and nearly 5 000 (five thousand) kilometres from north to south. Its population is 150 000 000 (one hundred and fifty) million people.

From spring till autumn the sun never sets over Russia: in Kaliningrad people see it sitting in the Baltic, while in Kamchatka it rises out of the Pacific Ocean at the same time. People in our country see the New Year in eleven times in one night.

If you begin to travel in the Far East by air and fly 8 000 kilometres towards the west, you will land in Moscow on the same hour same day that you left the Far East.

It is a wonderful sight when you see our country from the plane. One can hardly imagine a country more interesting to travellers than Russia.

Siberia covers millions of square kilometres. You fly over mountain, endless forests, large and small rivers, railways, motorways. You leave behind the lights of young and small towns, plants and factories. Siberia is a region of untold riches. Father West are the Ural Mountains the border between Asia and Europe. The Urals are rich in different minerals. The country's European part covers the territory from Urals to the Baltic Sea. The largest cities of the Russia are situated between the Black Sea in the south and the White Sea in the north. There is no other country where the climate differs so much from one part to another. When it is still winter in the northern regions of our country the first warm days arrive in the south. In the central regions snow storms and cold are still in power, while in the south people begin to think of spring crops. In the same season nature looks different in different parts of our country.

Russia is rich in oil, coal, iron, gold, silver and other minerals.