56курсы / 5 курс / 9 / Сети связи / Методические указания
.pdfX Y ;. " '( -
) . ; X ( Y) ( 5 ; -
X ( Y) ' (
X ( Y). " )
( '( ) '.
3.' . 1 2 5 , ( ) -
. (/ 1% . '
).
4." ' ( . (
'( 4, ) -
) . ' 4 ' 1% ( )- # )# '( . '.
) ' ) '.
V ( . ( ), 4 ' . 1 3
5/ . (. 5. ) ' 4 5 5 (:
–1%, ;;
–. ' ' ;
–4 ) 1%;
–55 ;4 ) ( ; ;
–) ( ' ;.
U 4 ( ) ' (
. . .
1" 112-2000 [11] ( ( )-
) ' ( (-
5 ' 1"" (0N%1 22498-88), -
' ' (. 2.1.
|
|
|
|
1 (. 2.1. |
|
U |
- |
L |
|
( |
;, |
|
; |
|
|
|
f = 800 0, W/ |
|
|
( ) ' - |
0,4 |
1,54 |
10 |
1200 |
|
0,5 |
1,23 |
5 |
900 |
( |
0,64 |
0,95 |
10 500 |
|
5 ' |
|
|
|
|
1"" |
|
|
|
|
" 8.
; . ' ; 1%
>. ( 4 ; ' . > ' ':
–( ( . 2.3),
(, ; ;
21
j, Y |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
9 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
8 |
|
|
|
850 |
|
1200 |
|
1000 |
|
900 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
i=8, j=8 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
7 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
6 |
|
600 |
|
1200 |
|
1500 |
|
1400 |
|
800 |
|
1000 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
./! 1 |
|
|
|
./! 2 |
|
|
|
|
5 |
|
|
|
|
|
(X1=5; Y1=5) |
|
|
(X2=9; Y2=5) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
4 |
|
800 |
|
1250 |
|
1300 |
|
1200 |
|
700 |
|
900 |
|
|
|
i=2, j=4 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
3 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
2 |
500 |
700 |
|
800 |
|
1000 |
|
|
|
900 |
|
|
|
|
i=2, j=2 |
|
|
|
i=6, j=2 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
||
1 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
500 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
1 |
2 |
3 |
4 |
5 |
6 |
7 |
8 |
9 |
10 |
11 |
12 |
13 |
i, X |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
. 2.3. |
|
|
|
|
|
|
22
–' 5 500× 500 2;
–( 5 5 6,0 W (" ; 1);
–( ( 1""
(. 2.1;
–) ' ' / ( ( ; 0,4 , 0,5 0,64 5 24 . ., 35 . . 45 . .
#:
1. N ( )# )5 /
1%.
' 1% 1: X1 = 5; Y1 = 5.
' 1% 2: X2 = 9; Y2 = 5.
0 ' ; 1% '( 5 (, (' '
' (' ' ( . 2.3).
2.( )# ( 1
i = 2; j = 2 :
lmax1 = i X1 + j Y1 = 2 5 + 2 5 = 6 .
% 4 ' # . , 500 :
lmax1 = 6 500 = 3 .
2:
lmax 2 = 4 500 = 2 .
3." ( 5 5 6,0 W -
( 1% 1 ; (' ) (:
5 1 |
= |
6,0 |
= |
2 (/ ; |
||
3 |
||||||
1% 2: |
|
|
6,0 |
|
3 (/ . |
|
5 |
2 |
= |
= |
|||
2 |
||||||
|
|
|
|
U 1% 1 1% 2 ; ) ) ( #4 ' ( )
1""-0,4.
4.C . ; ' . U . 4
( 5 ' (2.3) -
1%, ' 5 ( )#. %
)5 / 4 “ 5” ; ( ) #) .- ' '. , ' 5 ' ,
; ' (6; 8), 1% 1 5:
K |
(1) |
= 24 { |
|
6 5 |
|
+ |
|
8 5 |
|
} = 96 . . |
|
|
|
|
|||||||
|
6,8 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
D ' 5 ; ' 1% 2 5:
K |
(2) |
= 24 { |
|
6 9 |
|
+ |
|
8 5 |
|
} = 144 . . |
|
|
|
|
|||||||
|
6,8 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
23
% ), (6; 8) 1% 1 . .
5. C ; 1% . ' . U . ; X Y ; -
, ' ( ) (-
X Y.
U 1% 1: X1 = 3 2100 , 9100 ;
X1 = 5 6200 , 5000 .
1 (, X1 = 5 ) ' ;. .-, Y1 = 5 – ).
U 1% 2: X2 = 9 3600 , 5200 ;
X2 = 11 6900 , 1900 .
N ) ; X2 = 9, ) ; -
X2 = 9 )#. . ' (, -
) ; Y2 = 5.
6.) ' 4 '( ; . -
'( ' 4, - ' .
D O6.
; . ' ; 1%
( . 2.3). % L,
(. 2.2. N ) ' ' ' ) )
8.
1 (. 2.2.
|
1 |
2 |
3 |
4 |
5 |
6 |
7 |
8 |
9 |
10 |
11 |
12 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
L, |
200 |
250 |
300 |
350 |
400 |
450 |
500 |
550 |
600 |
650 |
420 |
380 |
3., < *$
3.1.*$ A <
C ( 01% ;-
' )5 ).
C ( ' (C) .-
, ; '( ; . %
( ) ) ; -
' #. , ; ' 2 >.
; (' ) ) # ( 01%. N ( )5 ( ' ( , , -
) ( )# 01%, . ( )# -
24
/ . (' ( . -
; , ), ( )
.
U # ( ) . ( . 3.1), # 5 1% – ; . / -, 4( – ' ( ) [4].
. >. ( 2) '
5 ( . C '( ; . 0-
) '( ; - ' . C ' # ' . [10].
3.2.% 6 3 = 2 2
; C '(
5 ) . ( 1% . V
C ) 5 ( . , 5 -
) ;4 ) ' 1% .
. 3.1 . . . – G (A, B),
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
# |
. 5 |
|
1%: A = {ai}; i = 1, n , |
||||
. n – |
, 4( |
– ' |
( ) : |
||||
B = {< ai a j >}; i, j = |
|
. |
|
|
|
|
|
1, n |
|
|
|
|
; # . ai , ' / - / ) ' ; – Vi , ; (
<ai aj> – ;4 ) l (ai aj) .
V ), ; ; -
; 1% . C, ' 5 - ' . – am [10] # ', 5 ) '
# ar ' :
n |
|
l (a |
, a ) |
n |
|
l (a |
, a ) , r m . |
(3.1) |
V |
i |
V |
i |
|||||
i=1 |
m |
i |
i=1 |
r |
i |
|
) ;4 ) ) ' -
( 5 .:
R |
|
= |
min |
|
n |
|
l (a |
|
a |
|
) |
|
(3.2) |
0 |
|
V |
i |
j |
i |
. |
|||||||
|
1 |
j n |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
||||
|
|
i = 1 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
5 ' (, ' -
( . 3.1).
25
a2
a1
a5
a6
a3 a4
. 3.1.
" 9.
> ) 5/ #: V1 = 100; V2 = 100; V3 = 150; V4 = 200; V5 = 150; V6 = 200 5/ 5 ;4-
:
|
0 |
2 |
2 |
3 |
1,5 |
1 |
|
|
|
0 |
3 |
2 |
1 |
|
|
|
2 |
2 |
|
||||
|
2 |
3 |
0 |
2 |
1,5 |
1 |
|
D = |
3 |
2 |
2 |
0 |
1 |
2 . |
(3.3) |
|
1,5 |
1 |
1,5 |
1 |
0 |
1 |
|
|
1 |
2 |
1 |
2 |
1 |
0 |
|
#.
" ( ;4 D D , '
5 ( ' D 5/
# ., . . Vi:
|
|
0 |
200 |
200 |
300 |
150 |
100 |
|
||
|
|
|
0 |
300 |
200 |
100 |
200 |
|
|
|
|
|
200 |
|
|
|
|||||
|
|
300 |
450 |
0 |
300 |
225 |
150 |
|
|
|
D = |
600 |
400 |
400 |
0 |
200 |
400 . |
(3.4) |
|||
|
|
225 |
150 |
225 |
150 |
0 |
150 |
|
|
|
|
|
200 |
400 |
200 |
400 |
200 |
0 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
1525 |
1600 |
1325 |
1350 |
875 |
1000 |
|
26 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
N( D d j j-. (. 1 .
d j |
– ) , a j ) ., R0 = d j – - |
|||||
. |
1, |
' (3.4): d = 1525; |
d = 1600 ; |
|
d = 1325 ; |
|
|
|
|
1 |
2 |
|
3 |
d |
= 1350 ; d |
= 875 ; d |
= 1000 . % ), . a |
5 |
) - |
|
4 |
5 |
6 |
|
|
|
; . , 875 – -
) ;4 ) - .
D O7.
N ) ; 5 . ( . 3.2).
' ;4 ; (3.3), - # (. 3.1.
|
|
|
|
|
|
1 (. 3.1. |
V ( .) |
1 |
2 |
3 |
4 |
5 |
6 |
|
1 |
120 |
130 |
115 |
140 |
180 |
120 |
2 |
180 |
100 |
110 |
120 |
135 |
100 |
3 |
130 |
200 |
210 |
300 |
250 |
210 |
4 |
160 |
170 |
180 |
190 |
200 |
190 |
5 |
200 |
210 |
220 |
230 |
240 |
240 |
6 |
205 |
300 |
180 |
190 |
175 |
180 |
7 |
230 |
100 |
150 |
250 |
180 |
175 |
8 |
210 |
220 |
180 |
160 |
150 |
300 |
9 |
130 |
125 |
130 |
140 |
180 |
170 |
10 |
190 |
310 |
250 |
220 |
210 |
230 |
4.) 6 = 6 7 = *$
4.1.)<3 7
. ' ' ( ' -
' ; ' (%%) , - ' ;4 ' ; 1%. 1 . ' %%
- ; . ' 1%.
01% . . ( .- ' . '( ; 1%,
( ) ) %%. N # )-
' %% ( ( ) ' -
.
27
% ; ) # , -', ' )5 -
, ( )# 1% )-
' ; . -', )5
) . ( . 4.1). > (2)
1
0,8
P = const
Y (2) 80 100
. 4.1.
" > = f (Y) '
) ) , ), ) -
. ; 1% , ( ' ; ( .
' 1%, ) 5/ .
U / [6] . ) )
, ) ' . ; 1%i 1%j C “K” “L” ; ) ) ' ( . 4.2) ; )
' “M” “N” ; C.
2 # ) ' %% ;
' C ). " ( ' C ; ) ) -
. |
1C “N” |
1C “M” |
|
|
× |
1C “K” |
1C “L” |
× |
× |
1% i |
1% j |
. 4.2.
28
(/ ) ; 1% ' C ; / )
' 4 ) ' : 5 (i–j), “ ” (i–K–j), -
“;” (i–L–j) (i–K– L– j) ( . 4.3).
> ; . 4 '
) ' : 5 , ; ' -
/ 1% ( . 4.4).
i=2 |
|
|
i=2 |
|
|
|
“ ” C |
1C “K” |
|
|
1C “K” |
i=1 |
i=k |
i=1 |
i=k |
Yi |
|
Yi |
|
j=1 |
j=l |
j=1 |
j=l |
1C “L” |
|
|
1C “L” |
|
|
|
“;” C |
j=2 |
|
|
j=2 |
|
|
|
|
. 4.3. |
|
|
. 4.4. |
4.2.' = =
' ' # '
%% ( . 4.4) ) 5:
– 1% C “K” – k C “L” – l;
– . ; 1% – Yij (i = 1,k ; j = 1,l );
– |
;4 ( ) |
||||||
|
– liL , lLj , lij (i = |
|
; j = |
|
); |
|
|
|
1,k |
1,l |
|||||
– |
' - ' ciL , Lj , ij (i = |
|
; |
||||
1,k |
j= 1,l );
–' ' ; 1% 1 2 -
. – E;
29
–) . ' V = 5Y + A,
. 5 A – ' .
4.3.% 1 = B 6 =
D ' . 5 ; 1% -
' ' ;. " ;, ' ' -
; 5 ) / ; . . % ) . (i-j):
Cij = cijlij ( Yij + ) + EY ij . |
(4.1) |
4 (i-L-j) -
: iL, . 4.4 Lj, #-
. 4 iL . Yij ' ) !iL (/ ,
5/ . j=l 1Yijxij . W xij “1”,
. Yij 4 5 “0” –
:
|
l |
|
|
|
x |
|
|
|
|
|
Y |
ij |
ij |
|
|
||||
!iL = |
j=1 |
|
. |
(4.2) |
|||||
l |
|
|
x |
|
|
+ |
|||
|
Y |
ij |
ij |
|
|
||||
|
j=1 |
|
|
|
|
Lj 4 ' . -
1%j, . '# 100 2 ( . 4.1). ) . ; -
) ' !max ' 0,8 2.
1 (, ' ( )
:
C |
|
= C |
|
+ C |
|
= c l |
Y ij |
+ Y |
ij |
E + c l |
|
Y ij |
+ Y |
ij |
E . (4.3) |
||
iLj |
iL |
Lj |
|
|
Lj ! |
|
|||||||||||
|
|
|
iL iL ! |
iL |
|
Lj |
max |
|
|
||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
4.4.) 2 6 6 =
; “( # (”.
4 ., ) ; 1% C -
L. 1 . 4 iL 4 -
30