Unit 6. English-speaking world

1. WORD STUDY

navigator	мореплаватель
extend	расширять
prosperity	процветание
settlement	поселение
rule	(зд.) господство
establish	устанавливать
discover	открывать
impose	навязать
administration	управление
differ	отличаться
national holiday	национальный праздник
common	общий
island	остров
lie off	находиться на некотором расстоянии от берега
highly developed industrial country	высокоразвитая промышленная страна
political party	политическая партия
coast	побережье
the Commonwealth	Содружество
be situated	быть расположенным
consist of	состоять из

2. Transcribe the words and use them in the sentences of your own.

Voyage, administration, island, continent, population r, highly developed, industrial country, coast, area, official language, self-governing, the Commonwealth.

3. Match the words with the similar meaning:

A. to consist of	B. several
Coast	to name
navigator	the same
number of	to include
common	shore
to call	seafarer

4. Match the words with the opposite meaning:

A. sea	B. unofficial
First	short
to differ	large
Long	land
Official	to be similar
Small	last

1. Match the terms and their explanations

prosperity	to be unlike, dissimilar or distinct in nature or qualities
settlement	having many and highly developed industry
country	a small community, village, or a group of houses
to differ	a successful, flourishing, or thriving condition
industrial	the land next to the sea
coast	a state or the territory of a nation

2. READING

6. Read the text.

English Speaking Countries

During the 17^th and 18^th centuries British navigators sailed across the seas with the aim of extending Britain's power and prosperity. They colonized new territories around the world, taking their language with them. The first New World settlement was established in Jamestown in America in 1607. Canada was won from the French in 1763. During the 17^th century British rule was established in the West Indian islands of Antigua, Barbados, Jamaica, St Kitts and Trinidad and Tobago. Australia and New Zealand were discovered during Capitan Cook's voyage in 1768. English was imposed as the official language of the new colonies; it was the language of education and administration.

Great Britain, USA, Canada, Australia and New Zealand are English speaking countries. They are situated in different parts of the world and differ in many ways. The nature of these countries, their weather and climate and way of life of their people differ. Each country has its own history, customs, traditions, its own national holidays. But they all have a common language. English, the language of the people who left England to make their names in new countries.

The United Kingdom of Great Britain and North Ireland consists of 4 parts: England, Scotland, Wales, and Northern Ireland. The British Isles are group of islands lying off the north-west coast of the continent of Europe. There are no high mountains, no very long river, no great forest in the U.K. The population of the U.K. is almost fifty-six million. Great Britain is a capitalist’s country.

The USA is situated in the central part of the North American continent. The population of the USA is about 240 million people. Most of Americans speak English. But there we can also meet French, German and other languages. The USA is a highly developed industrial country. In the USA there are two main political parties, the Democratic Party and the Republican Party.

Canada has the area of nearly 10 million square kilometres. Its western coast is washed by the Pacific Ocean and its eastern coast by the Atlantic Ocean. The population of Canada is over 26 million people. Canada is a capitalist federal state and a member of the Commonwealth. Canada has two official languages - English and French.

The Commonwealth of Australia territories are the continent of Australia, the island of Tasmania and number of smaller islands. Australia has the area of nearly eight million square kilometres. The population of Australia is over sixteen million people. The Commonwealth of Australia is a capitalist self-governing federal state.

New Zealand is situated south-east of Australia. The country consists of the large islands called North Island, South Island and Stewart Island and also many small islands. The population of New Zealand is over three million people. New Zealand is a capitalist self-governing state and a member of the Commonwealth.

7. Complete the sentences:

1) The United Kingdom of Great Britain and North Ireland consists of …

2) Great Britain, USA, Canada, Australia and New Zealand are ….

3) There are no … in the U.K.

4) The British Isles are …

5) Great Britain is a … country.

6) In the USA there are …

7) The western coast of Canada is washed by … and its eastern coast by …

8. Complete the sentences with the words given below.

England; the Commonwealth; English; the language; federal; countries; official language; people; member

1) … was imposed as the … of the new colonies.

2) English, … of the … who left … to make their names in new ….

3) Canada is a capitalist … state and a … of ….

9. Answer the questions:

1) Who colonized new territories around the world during the 17^th and 18^th centuries?

2) What are the English speaking countries?

3) Where is the USA situated?

4) Most of Americans speak English, don’t they?

5) What are two main political parties in the USA?

6) What are the official languages of Canada?

7) What are the names of three main islands which New Zealand consists of?