- •1.Tense Categories of the English Language
- •2.Polyfunctionality and the Nature of Gerund.
- •3. Terms, ways of formation, functions.
- •4. English proverbs, their taxonomy and functionality.
- •5.Modal Verbs, their Evolution and Functioning
- •6. / 27. Grammatical category of number in English.
- •7. Grammatical category of case
- •8. Synonymy
- •9. Stylistic classification of english vocabulary
- •10. Abbreviations, shortenings, the ways of vocabulary enrichment in English.
- •11. Phraseological units, or idioms and free word group
- •12.Major categories of a text.
- •13.The category of voice in English
- •14.The category of mood in English
- •15. Different features of functional styles. Criteria for their classification.
- •16. Syntactic relations in Engl, forms and means of syntactic connection. The word group theory.
- •1) The principle of the categorical reference of a kernel word:
- •2) The character of syntactic relations:
- •3) The way of connection:
- •4) Position of the kernel and adjunct
- •18. Diachronic approaches to polysemy. Change of word meaning in the course of historical development.
- •19. The category of negation in English
- •He never goes anywhere.
- •22. Сonversion in English. Semantic relations within conversion pairs.
- •23. Typology of the sound systems of English and Ukranian
- •24. Typological characteristics of the parts of the sentence in English and Ukrainian.
- •25.Stress patterns of the words in English
- •26.Historical development of the phonetic system of English
- •27 Numeral and quantitative words
- •28. The category of word
- •29. The category of morpheme.
- •30. Phonetic Stylistic Devices.
15. Different features of functional styles. Criteria for their classification.
Literary translation deals with the belles letters texts, i e. works of fiction or poetry Their main function is to make an emotional or esthetic impression upon the reader Communicative value depends, first and foremost, on their artistic quality and the translator's main task is to reproduce this quality in translation The main task of informative translation is to convey a certain amount of ideas, to inform the reader.
Literary works are known to fall into a number of genres, as each genre calls for specific arrangement and makes use of specific artistic means to impress the reader. They arc prose, poetry and plays Each of these genres comprises a number of sub-genres and the translator may specialize in one or some of them The great challenge to the translator is to combine the maximum equivalence and the high literary merit.
Translation of scientific and technical materials has the most important role to play in our age of the revolutionary technical process.
English newspaper reports include colloquial, slang and vulgar elements, various paraphrases, eye-catching headlines etc. Official diplomatic papers are important documents, every word must be carefully chosen. There are also minor groups of texts that may be considered separately, because of their special requirement to the translator. They are film scripts, comic strips, commercial advertisements.
16. Syntactic relations in Engl, forms and means of syntactic connection. The word group theory.
Sintagmatic relations in syntax can be regarded as syntactic relations. Syntactic relations are considered to be the matters of content which are formalized by syntactic connections. It should be mentioned that syntactic connections can be of 3 main types:
1) coordination, which is based on sintagmatic relations of independence. Here 2 or more members are equal. The number of constituents is not limited. They may be words, phrases, sentences, clauses.
2)subordination (which is based on sintagmatic relations of dependence). It is always a relation between 2 elements: a syntactically leading kernel and syntactically dependent adjunct. This type of relations exists between words in word-groups and clauses in complex sentences.
3) predication (which is based on sintagmatic relations of interdependence.)It is a basis of a sentence. Primary predication is found between the subject and the predicate. Secondary between the constituents of the predicative construction.
There are several forms of devices which are used for syntactic connection:
1) functional words (conjunctions, prepositions, articles) E.g. a house of mine, red and white.
2) word order is an analytical device marking such forms of subordinate connection as adjoinment and enclosure. E. g. a stone wall.
3)inflexions (in modern Eng the sphere of occurrence of inflexional devices is highly limited. They are in fact exceptional). E.g. saw her in the garden.
Word groups are considered as objective-linguistic reality which constitutes a sentence. According to syntactic connections there are such types of word-groups: 1) Coordinate (e.g. to read and to retell);
2) Subordinate (my pen, bad for you). Subordinate word-groups are classified according to the criteria: