Degrees of Comparison

The Positive Degree	The Comparative Degree	The Superlative Degree
I. cold busy clever severe big	colder busier cleverer severer bigger	the coldest the busiest the cleverest the severest the biggest
II. interesting difficult	more interesting more difficult	the most interesting the most difficult
III. good хороший well хорошо bad плохой badly плохо little - ма- ленький many много much far - далекий, далеко late поздний old - старей	better - лучше worse - хуже less - меньше more - больше farther дальше, further более далекий later - позже older - старее elder	the best - наилучший, самый хороший the worst - наихуд­ший, самый плохой the least - наимень­ший the most - наибольший the farthest самый the furthest далекий the latest - последний (о времени) the last - последний (o порядке следования) the oldest самый the eldest старший

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Comparative Constructions.

1. При сравнений двух предметов после прилагательного в сравнительной степени употребляется союз than:

The Volga is longer than the Dnieper. - Волга длиннее, чем Днепр. (Волга длиннее Днепра).

2. Для сравнения двух предметов одинакового качества (фор­ мы, размера и т.д.) употребляется союз as ... as:

The 1st text is as long as the 2nd text. - Первый текст такой же длинный, как второй.

3. При сравнении двух предметов неодинакового качества употребляются обороты not so ... as, not as ... as: Jack isn't as old as he looks. - Джек выглядит старше, чем он есть на самом деле.

Henry isn't so rich as Joe. - Генри не так богат, как Джо.

4. Если один ив сравниваемых объектов превосходит другой в несколько раз по степени интенсивности к-л качества, то употребляется следующая конструкция:

This route is twice as long as that one. - Этот маршрут вдвое Длиннее, чем тот.

His саг is four times as expensive as mine. - Его машина дороже моей вчетверо.

5. Параллельное нарастание интенсивности к-л качества выра­ жается конструкцией: the + сравнительная степень ..., the + сравнительная степень:

The longer is the night, the shorter is the day. - Чем длиннее ночь, тем короче день.

The older he grew the wiser he became. - Чем старше он становился, тем он становился мудрее.

Exercise 1. Form the degrees of comparison of the following

adjectives. A. Tall, high, light, cold, full, thick, quick, flat,

young, deep, sweet, weak, easy, busy, big, thin. B. Famous, active, serious, wonderful, beautiful, comfor-

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table, general, outstanding, interesting.

C. Good, little, bad, many, far, near, much.

Exercise 2. Translate into English.

A. Ярче, проще, старше, лучше, прекраснее, уже, новее, быстрее, легче, хуже, короче, глубже, теплее, больше.

B. Самый занятой, самый краткий, самый знаменитый, самый замечательный, самый большой, самый удобный, самый моло­ дой, самый маленький, наилучший, добрейший, самый счаст­ ливый, самый трудный, наихудший, самый грязный.

Exercise 3. Translate the following sentences into Russian.

A. 1. He is brighter than his brother.

2. She is taller than her sister.

3. His eyes are darker than coal.

4. Her forehead is whiter than snow.

5. His reading is better than his spelling.

6. This box is heavier than that one.

7. This house is higher than that one.

8. This road is longer than that one.

9. This book is more interesting than that one. 10. She is more serious than her sister.

B. 1. My health is worse than his.

2. His flat is larger than ours.

3. Our river is deeper than theirs.

4. This room is colder than ours.

5. Your task is easier than his.

6. Their flat is larger than their mother's.

7. Our task is easier than our friends'.

8. His garden is more wonderful than his neighbour's.

9. My flat is more comfortable than my father's. 1O. His feet are larger than his father's.

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С. 1. Her answer is the best. 2. His room is the warmest. 3. She is the prettiest girl of the group. 4. He is the best friend of mine. 5. He is the most outstanding of our scientists. 6. This is the most interesting problem of all. 7. She is the busiest of the faculty. 8. This is the most difficult experiment of his. 9. This news is the most exciting in the world. 10. This task is the most important in this Chapter.

Exercise 4. Give full answers to the following questions. Example: Is Nick the worst sportsman in your group?

- Yes, he is. Nick is the worst sportsman in our group.

1. Is honey sweeter than sugar?

2. Is he cleverer than his brother?

3. Is his work the best at the faculty?

4. Is June the hottest month of the year?

Б. Is Lomonosov the most outstanding scientist of Russia in the 18th century?

6. Is your friend the worst student of the faculty?

7. Is English easier than any other foreign language?

8. Is the longest day of the year the 30th of June?

9. Is it difficult to say which month is the best?

10, Are the days in summer shorter than the nights?

11. Is February the shortest month of the year?

Exercise 6. Answer the following questions.

Example: Is this magazine as thick as that book? Is it

thinner than that book? It is not so thick as

that book, is it? - This magazine is not so

thick as that, book. It is thinner than that

book.

1. Is Tyumen as big as Moscow? Is it smaller than Moscow?

It is not so big as Moscow, is it? Which is bieger Tyu-

men or Moscow?

2. Is Newton as famous as Einstein? Is Newton more famous than Einstein? Newton is as famous as Einstein, isn't he? Who is more famous, Newton or Einstein? Who is the most famous of the two?

3. Is the moon as far as the sun? Is the sun farther than the moon? The sun is as far as the moon isn't it? Which is farther, the sun or the moon? Which of the two Is the farthest?

4. Is this road as short as that one? Is it shorter than that one? It is as short as that one isn't it? Which road is shorter, this or that one? Which is the stor-test road of the two?

Exercise 6. Translate into Russian paying special attention to the phrases italicised.

1. My sister is six years older than I.

2. Our new house is five storeys higher than the one we lived in before.

3. I am seven centimetres taller than my brother.

4. She is three years younger than her husband.

5. Let's take this way, it's two miles shorter than that

one.

6. The temperature is rising. It is already four degrees higher than it was in the morning.

7. This problem is twice more difficult than the one you have just mentioned.

8. The lake we have just crossed is three times as wide, as the one we crossed yesterday.

9. Have you seen the new film? To my mind It is ten times

as interesting as the one you took we to last week. 10. The canyon before them was many times as long as the one they had so successful1у got over the day before.

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UNIT 6.

- 33 -Modal Verbs.

Exercise 7. Translate into English using the words: very, too, quite, much, rather.

1. Она умная студентка. Она довольно умная. Она очень ум­ная. Она умнее своей подруги. Ее подруга умна, но она еще умнее своей подруги. Она гораздо умнее своей подру­ги. Она самая умная студентка в группе.

2. Это трудный текст. Это довольно трудный текст. Это весь­ма трудный текст. Это слишком трудный текст. Это самый трудный текст в книге. Это более трудный текст, чем тот. Это наитруднеишии текст из всех.

3. Он интересный человек. Он довольно интересный человек. Он очень интересный человек. Этот человек интереснее, чем тот. Он самый интересный человек. Он слишком инте­ресный человек.

Exercise 8. Build some sentences of your own making use of the following phrases: three times as old, four times as long, several times as good, many times as hot, twice as quick, three times as heavy, many times as slow.

МОДАЛЬНЫЕ ГЛАГОЛЫ И ИХ ЭКВИВАЛЕНТЫ, ВЫРАЖАЮЩИЕ ВОЗМОЖНОСТЬ

Глагол	Present	Past	Future
CAN to be able to Выражает ре­альную воз­можность, фи­зическую или умственную способность.	CAN am is able (to) are I can do it. (I am able to do it). Я могу (в сос­тоянии, умею) делать это.	COULD was able(to) were I could do it. (I was able to do it) Я мог (был В сос­тояний, умел) делать это.	shall be able will (to) I shall be able to db it. Я смогу (буду в состоянии, сумею) это сде­лать.
MAY to be allowed (to) Выражает до­пущение BOЗ-можности, разрешение совершить действие.	MAY am is allowed аге (to) You may go home now. Вы можете теперь пойти домой.	MIGHT was allowed were (to) He said I might smoke here. Он сказал, что я могу курить здесь. She was allo­wed to go home Ей разрешили идти домой.	shall be allowed will (to) You will be allowed to swim. Вы сможете купаться (вам разрешат).

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МОДАЛЬНЫЕ ГЛАГОЛЫ И ИХ ЭКВИВАЛЕНТЫ,

ВЫРАЖАЮЩИЕ ДОЛЖЕНСТВОВАНИЕ

Глагол	Present	Past	Future	С перфектной формой инфи-нитива
MUST Выражает должен­ствова­ние	MUST I must do it now. Я должен это сделать сей­час. You must not do it. Вам нельзя этого делать	-	-	-
ТО HAVE (ТО) Выражает вынуж­денную необхо­димость	Have to Has I have to do it now. Мне нужно (приходится) делать это сейчас.	Had (to) I had to go there. Я должен был (мне пришлось) пойти туда Did you have to go there? We did not have to go there.	Shall have Will (to) You will have to go there. Вы должны будете (вам придется) пойти туда.	-

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OUGHT (ТО) Выражает мораль-ный долг SHOULD Выражает необхо­димость или совет.	ought (to) We ought to help her. Мы должны (нам следует) ей. помочь should You should not go there. Вы не должны (вам не сле­дует) идти туда.	-		Обозначает действие, которое дол- жно было со- стоиться, но не состоялось You ought to have done it yesterday. Вы должны были (вам следовало, следовало бы) сделать это вчера. You should have helped him. Вам следовало помочь ему.
NEED Выражает необхо-димость, нецеле-сообраз-ность, обычно употреб­ляется с отрица-нием.	need You needn't hurry. Вам не надо спешить.			Обозначает действие, в совершении которого не было необхо­димости. You needn't have done it. Вам не нужно было (не было необходи-мости) этого делать.

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- 36 -

T0 BE (TO) Выражает необхо- димость, преду-смотрен-ную планом, ДОГОВО- рен-ностью, распи-санием.

am are to is The train is to arrive at 10. Поезд должен прибыть в 10.

was (to) were He was to attend the seminar. Он должен был присут­ствовать на семина­ре.

Обозначает действие, которое дол-жно было совершиться, но в действи­тельности не имело места. They were to have met. Они должны были встре­титься (но не встретились)

модальные глаголы, выражакще вероятность, предшлошше

Глагол	С неопределенной формой инфинитива	С перфектной формой инфинитива
MUST Выражает вероят-ность	Не must be working now. Он, должно быть, (вероятно) сейчас работает. You must be tired after your work. Вы, должно быть, (вероятно) устали после работы.	He must have been working for some hours Он, должно быть, (вероятно) работает уже несколько часов. Не must have finished his work. Он, должно быть, (вероятно) закончил свою работу.
SHOUL0 OUGHT TO	Не should be about 40.	The train ought to have left.

Выражает вероят-ность, предполо­жение.	Ему, наверное, около 40. Не ought to be at home. Он, должно быть, дома.	Поезд, должно быть,уже ушел.
САN Выражает сомне­ние (обычно с отрицанием).	Не can't(couldn't) have said it. He может быть, чтобы он сказал это.
MAY Выражает предпо-ложение с оттен-ком неувереннос­ти.	Не may be working now. Возможно, он работает сейчас. Не may be at home now. 0н, возможно, дома сейчас.	Не may have left the key on the table. 0н, возможно, оставил ключ на столе.

Exercise 1. Translate into Russian.

1. She can play chess.

2. I could find these data only yesterday.

3. Soon he'll be able to speak English.

4. It cannot be done.

5. Can you hear this strange noise?

6. I cannot but agree with you.

7. You can prepare the report by March.

8. Can you correct his mistakes?

9. She couldn't sleep that night.

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10. They cannot phone us from there.

11. I looked everywhere for the book but couldn't find it.

12. My grandmother loved music. She could play the piano very well.

Exercise 2. Ask someone if he or she can do or can't do these things. Let them answer. Example: Can you play chess?

Yes, I can /No, I can't. Play piano, paint, swim quickly, play guitar, cook cocktails, jump, knit, speak Spain (French, Serman) draw, write a report in English, translate from Italian, play fo­otball (voleyball, basketball), sing, dance, sew, go abro­ad.

Exercise 3. Say the same using can.

1. I'm able to help you.

2. He is unable to wake up so early.

1. You have a possibility to prepare the report by Septem­ber.

3. We are unable to wait for her any longer.

4. Are you able to give me any book to read?

5. Are you able to learn all these words?

6. She was able to do it at once.

7. Were they able to suggest it before these events?

9. We are able to translate into English without any help. 10. Are you able to speak any foreign languages?

Must, to have to, to be to.

Exercise 1. Translate into Russian.

1. They must discuss this problem.

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2. Let's hurry up. We mustn't be late.

3. The work must be done at once.

4. She must be working in the garden.

5. He must have done his lessons.

6. We must leave for Moscow tomorrow.

7. They must take the exam in winter.

8. Must he get up early in the morning?

9. She mustn't go to the library. We have this book.

10. You must wait for him out of town.

11. You mustn't tell anyone what I said.

Exercise 2. Say the same using to have to or to be to.

1. He must leave for Odessa.

2. We must not discuss this material.

3. Must you speak English in your English class?

4. She mustn't go to the library on Saturday.

5. Must he get up early every day?

6. I must go there tomorrow.

7. What must we do now?

8. This text must be translated by Friday.

9. You must speak louder and more slowly.

10. Nick must meet me here today.

11. We haven't got much time. We must hurry.

May (Might).

Exercise 1. Translate into Russian.

1. You may come tomorrow.

2. May I Smoke here?

3. You may take my book, I don't need it.

4. They may return tomorrow.

5. He may be taking his exam now.

6. You might have warned me before it.

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7. May they stay here for two days more?

8. May I ask him some questions?

9. Marry might come to us yesterday.

Exercise 2. Ask permission using may. Answer positively. Example: Will you allow me to come in?

- May I come in? Yes, you may.

1. Will you allow me to help you?

2. Will you allow them to ask you some questions?

3. Will you allow me to take your umbrella?

4. Will you allow Ann to wait for him here?

5. Will you allow me to phone?

6. Will you allow me to stay here for some days?

7. Will you allow him to go to the party?

8. Will you allow us to watch TV?

Exercise 3. Somebody is asking you about your plans. You have some ideas but you are not sure. Begin your sentences with t don't knew yet /I am not sure/ I haven't decided yet. Use may or might + one of these: go away, some shoes, Spain, fish, a letter, this evening, to a restaurant, tomorrow. Example: Where are you going for your holidays next year?

- I'm not sure yet. I might go to Spain.

1. Where are you going tonight?

2. When will you see Ann again?

3. What are you going to buy when you go shopping?

4. When are you going to the cinema? 6. What are doing at the weekend?

6. When are you going to phone John?

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7. What are you going to have for dinner tonight?

Ought to, should.

Exercise 1. Translate into Russian.

1. You ought to be more attentive.

2. She ought to be in a good sport form.

3. He ought to help his friend.

4. You ought to look more respectable.

5. Chemists ought to make many experiments.

6. The young ought to respect old age.

7. It's a good film. You ought to go and see it.

8. He. doesn't look well. He ought to go to the doctor.

9. It's late I think we ought to go home. 10. You ought to master your English.

Exercise 2. Say the same using should.

Example: You ought to tell him your story. You should tell him your story.

1. You ought to work harder.

2. Ann ought to drill the pattern.

3. She ought to do her homework.

4. You ought to read more special texts.

5. They oughtn't to but agree with your arguments.

6. You ought to forget everything you've seen here.

7. You ought to phone your parents now, because it's very late.

8. That hotel is too expensive for us. I think we ought to find another one.

9. You ought to go to the library and choose any book you like.

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Exercise 3. Complete the sentences. Use should + one of

these verbs: have, clean, go, read, visit, watch, wear, сlean, buy, phone. Example: When you play tennis, you ... the ball. -

When you play tennis, you should watch the ball.

1. You look tired. You ... to bed.

2. You ... your teeth after every meal.

3. The city museum is very interesting. You... it.

4. When you are driving, you ... a seat-belt.

5. It's a good book. You... it.

6. It's a good camera. I think you ... it.

7. You work so much. I think you ... a rest.

8. The windows are dirty. You ... them.

9. Pete forgot to phone Dave last night. He ... him today.

Need.

Exercise 1. Translate into Russian.

1. You need not come today.

2. He needn't hurry.

3. We needn't go there so soon.

1. I need this information just now. Call it please by a computer.

4. He needn't return the book on Monday.

5. We needn't stay here after supper.

6. This is a secret. You needn't tell anybody.

8. It's not going to rain, that's why you needn't take an umbrella.

9. You needn't go to the bank. I can give you some money. 10. Today is Sunday, so I needn't get up very early.

Exercise 2. Give negative answers. Use need.

Example: Must we post the letter immediately? - No, you needn't.

1. Must I go there?

2. Must you go to the University on Saturday?

3. Must one always buy tickets to the cinema in advance?

4. Must I read this report by Friday?

5. Must he work in a lab every day?

6. Must they phone you once a week?

7. Must I do this exercise in written form?

8. Must Ann take a floor at the conference?

Exercise 3. Answer the following questions.

1. What subjects must you study at your department? 2. Whom are you to meet at the station? 3. Can you lend me your text book? 4. May I ask her some questions? 5. Must one work hard at a foreign language if one wants to master it? 6. Can they take part in the conference? 7. Are you able to accompany me to the theatre? 8. May I use your dictionary? 9.Must your mother cook for the whole family every day? 10. Whom are you to visit to regularly? 11. Can the latest no­vel by N. be found anywhere? 12. Should your classes finish at, 5?

Exercise 4. Form questions to underlined words.

1. The problem shoud be discussed again.

2. Lomonosov may be considered as a founder of Russian science.

3. Not all the students will be able to take part in the

concert.

4. I can imagine her teaching children.

5. The sitting¹ was to take place at 1 o'clock.

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6. It may cost me a lot of money.

7. My mother must do the shopping once a week.

8. We have to finish the translation by tomorrow.

9. You may smoke in this room.

10. They can check up your work today.

Exercise 5. Translate into English.

1. Это очень интересная статья. Вам следует прочесть ее.

2. Я, должно быть, встречал где-то этого человека.

3. Нужно ли повторять это опять? Нет, не надо.

4. Вам следовало спросить разрешение, прежде чем взять эти документы.

5. Вы можете найти этот словарь в любом книжном магазине.

6. Вы могли бы сказать мне об этом раньше.

7. Не может быть, чтобы он отказался помочь вам.

8. Эксперимент, должно быть, закончен. Результаты должны быть опубликованы на этой неделе.

9. Анна может помочь ему перевести это письмо.

10. Вы можете приехать сюда в июле или августе. Вас будут ждать.

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UNIT 7.

Сводная таблица времен.

	Indefinite (Simple) ■ •	Continuous (Progressive)	Perfect	Perfect Continuous
р R Е S Е N Т	: v-s v, Vs Я рисую (часто)	to be + Participle I	to have + Participle II	to have + been + Participle I
		am is + V-ing are Я рисую (сейчас	have has + V-3 Я нарисовал (сегодня, уже, только что)	have has + been + V-ing Я рисую (уже час, с двух часов)
Р А S т	V-ed Ved, V-2 Я нарисовал (вчера два дня навад)	was were + V-ing Я рисовал (вчера В 3 часа дня, когда он вошел)	had + v-3 Я нарисовал (вчера к 3 часам, до того,как он пришел)	had + been + V-ing Я рисовал (уже два часа, когда он пришел)

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F U T U R Е

shall will + V Я нарисую, буду рисо­вать (зав­тра)

shall will + be + V-ing Я буду рисовать (завтра в 3 часа)

shall will + have + V-3 Я нарисую (завтра к 3 часам, до того как он придет)

shall will + have + been + V-ing Я буду рисовать завтра уже три часа к тому времени, когда он придет.

The Present Indefinite (Simple) Tenses.

	+		-		?
	V, V-3		Do + not + V Does + not + V		Do + V Does + V
I Не She We You They	write writes write	I He She We You They	do not write (don't) does not (doesn't) write do not write (don't)	Do Does Do	I he she we write..? you they

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The Past Indefinite (Simple) Tense.

	+		-			?
	Ved, V-2		Did + not + V			Did + V
I He She We You They	wrote worked got	I He She We You They	write did not (didn't) work get	Did	I He She We You They	write...? work...? get...?

The Future Indefinite (Simple) Tense.

	+		-		?
s	hail/will + V		shall/will + V. ■	sh	all/wi	ll + V
I He She We You They	shall will write shal1 work will get	I He She We You They	shall not (shan't) will not (won't) write shall not work get-will not	Shall Will Shall Will	I he she we you They	write..? work...? get...?

Exercise 1. Agree or disagree.

Example: - You work hard every day, don't you? .' - Yes, I do. I have a lot of work. (- No, I don't. I have a rest). 1. You live in this street, don't you? 2. Your friend lives at. home, doesn't he?

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3. He gets up at 7, doesn't he?

4. You leave home very early, don't you?

5. Your sister takes her bath in the morning, doesn't she?

6. You study at the University, don't you?

7. Your brother leams English at school, doesn't he?

8. You meet her in the library, don't you?

9. They always watch TV in the evening, don't they? 10. She comes back home late, doesn't she?

Exercise 2. Give negative or positive answers. Example: - Does your friend get up early?

- No, he doesn't. He gets up late.

(- Yes, he does. He gets up earlier than me.)

1. Do your friends call on you on Sundays?

2. Does your friend know your sister?

3. Do you go to bed late at night?

4. Do you switch off the light when you leave the room? 6. Does your father leave for work early?

6. Do you have breakfast at 7 o'clock?

7. Does she leave the office at 6?

8. Does Alex work at a joint venture?

9. Do your lessons begin at 8?

10. Does your mother go abroad on business?

Exercise 3. Agree, follow the example.

Example: (Pete / to play chess well.)

• I think, Pete plays chess well, doesn't he?

• Yes, you are right. He really plays chess well.

1. Petrov / to swim well.

2. She / to drive a car badly. 3. Ann /to write English well.

4. Their director / to speak Japanese badly.

5. Our friend / to translate letters quickly.

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6. She / to speak German fluently.

7. Ann / to sing beautifully.

8. Nick / to play football badly.

9. She / to answer the questions quickly. 10. They / to do well at the University.

Exercise 4. Express surprise.

Example: - Nick takes a shower in the morning.

- Does Nick really take a shower in the mor ning?

1. Nelly comes home very late.

2. We have dinner at home.

3. She often walks in the park on evenings.

4. They get uр early every day.

5. TV programmes begin at 10 o'clock.

6. His parents work at the factory.

7. My sister has two little children.

8. Mary does morning exercises.

9. He likes to read detective stories.

10. It takes me 10 minutes to get to the University.

Exercise 5. Disagree with the following statements. Example: - Pete lives in a new district.

- Pete doesn't live in a new district.

1. He likes to watch TV every evening.

2. His son comes to see him rather often.

3. Nelly studies very well.

4. My friend works regularly.

5. They take part in social life of the faculty.

6. Our students always take notes.

7. We study three foreign languages.

8. We have 7 lectures weekly.

9. Nelly makes mistakes when she speaks English. 10. Our students solve all tasks quickly.

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Exercise 6. Answer the following questions.

1. What foreign languages do you need in your work?

2. How many hours do you work every day?

3. When do you usually have your classes?

4. How well do you know English?

5. Do you make many mistakes when you speak English?

6. Where does your friend study?

7. When do you get up?

8. Why do people want to know foreign languages?

9. Where does your father go abroad on business?

10. Who brings the letters and cables in the morning?

11. How long does it take you to get to the University?

12. Where do you go every day?

Exercise 7. Translate into English.

1. Мой друг изучает два иностранных языка.

2. Его сын не живет в Москве.

3. Вы читаете много английских книг?

4. Они работают в нашей библиотеке после уроков.

5. Этот студент переводит английские тексты очень легко.

6. Мы изучаем много интересных предметов.

7. Ане требуется 40 мин., чтобы добраться до университета

8. Мои друзья знают французский очень хорошо.

9. Что вы делаете обычно в выходные дни?

10. Иногда она заканчивает работу позже 6 часов.

11. Вечером я обычно читаю газеты, журналы или смотрю теле-визор.

12. Русские ученые сотрудничают с зарубежными учеными, 13. Они принимают важные решения каждый раз.

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Exercise 8. Open the brackets and put verbs according to the Tense.

1. He (leave) home at 9 every day.

2. Children usually (sleep) very soundly.

3. Englishmen seldom (speak) at breakfast.

4. What he (do) after breakfast?

5. I (speak) English fairly well and (know) German a litt­le.

6. It often (rain) in autumn.

7. Where she (come) from?

8. How you (get) usually to the University?

9. At the end of each term we (take) several examinations. 10. After lessons some of the students (go) to the library

and others (work) at home.

Exercise 9. Say that you did the same.

Example: - Jane got up at 8 yesterday. And you?

- I got up at 8, too.

1. My brother had breakfast at 9 yesterday. And you?

2. He finished work at 6 yesterday. And you?

3. My sister telephoned her friend last night. And you?

4. My parents went to bed at 10 yesterday. And you?

5. They came home early last night. And you?

6. The guests left late at night. And you?

7. Ann met her friends some days ago. And you?

8. They were pleased to see you. And you?

9. We asked her about her children. And you?

10. He invited his friends to the party. And you?

Exercise 10. Agree with the following sentences.

Example: - Ann went to the cinema yesterday, didn't she?

- Yes, she did. She saw a new French film yesterday.

1. Kate went to the theatre the other day, didn't she?

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2. She came to the theatre on time, didn't she?

3. We answered all your questions, didn't we?

4. They got a very interesting letter from their friends, didn't they?

5. She took a book from a library last week, didn't she?

6. My brother read much when he was a school- boy, didn't he?

7. You met your parents at the airport a day ago, didn't you?

8. She understood all the laws, didn't she?

9: The Students helped you to solve that task, didn't they? 10. She came home late yesterday, didn't she?

Exercise 11. Express surprise.

Example: - They discussed a very interesting book last

time. - Did they really discuss a very interesting

book?

1. My brother left for work early yesterday.

2. He received people from our University.

3. He worked from 9 to 9 yesterday.

4. They saw many people when they went to the cinema.

5. He spoke to the President a week ago.

6. Last winter I spent a lot of time in the library.

7. I often went to the country last summer.

8. They discussed problems with the Dean.

9. He played football very well some years ago.

10. I often swam in the swimming - pool at the University.

Exercise 12. You don't hear what your friend is saying-Example: - I played tennis yesterday. - Pardon. What did you play? 1. I played the piano some time ago. (What) 2. I danced at the party last night. (Where)

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3. I watched TV last Sunday. (When)

4. I missed the morning train.' (What)

5. I trTecTto contact you yesterday. (Whom)

6. I went to a concert last week. (Where)

7. I telephoned my friend last week. (When)

8. I got a letter from my foreign friend a week ago. (What)

9. I read a very interesting book last month. (What) 10. I spent my holiday in the country. (Where).

Exercise 13. Disagree with the following.

Example: - She answered their questions.

- She didn't answer their questions.

1. My friend came home early that night.

2. They gave him a cup of tea after dinner.

3. We saw him at the pictures.

4. It stopped raining in the evening.

5. He lived in the country last summer.

6. 1 bought this book a Week ago.

7. She told me about her tea - party.

8. He asked me to give him your telephone number.

9. I phoned you yesterday.

10. The students finished their work last week.

Exercise 14. Translate into English.

1. Вчера вечером я решала очень трудную вадачу.

2. За ужином все говорили о погоде.

3. Я не поверил этой истории.

4. Когда декан вернулся из командировки?

5. Студенты читали и переводили тексты на прошлом уроке.

6. Я прочитал вашу статью на прошлой неделе.

7. Вчера мои друзья посетили новую выставку.

8. На прошлой неделе мы проводили опыт в лаборатории.'

9. Никто не заметил ату ошибку.

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10. Когда я был моложе, я не любил такую музыку.

Exercise 15. Open the brackets and put the verbs according to the Tense.

1. My friend (enter) the University last year.

2. She (write) this exercise last week.

3. When you (see) that new film?

4. We (enjoy) our holidays very much.

5. I (go) to the South with my friends last summer.

6. We (take) many pictures.

7. When you (receive) the last letter?

8. We (begin) our meeting a few minutes ago.

9. I (have) a very good time in Karelia last year.

10. He (speak) to a manager about this problem when he was in Kiev.

Exercise 16. Express surprise.

Example: - We shall see each other tomorrow.

- Shall we really see each other tomorrow?

1. Nelly will come in the evening.

2. He will thank you for it some day.

3. I shall come back to you in a few days.

4. You will find it out very soon.

5. She will stay with him.

6. In a week our group will take an exam.

7. There will be a lot of people at the lecture today.

8. I hope Nick will remember us.

9. I shall be able to go to classes soon,

10. The talk will be interesting for you.

Exercise 17. Answer the following questions.

1. Why will you have to get up early tomorrow?

2. How long will it take you to get to the University?

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3. What will you do after lessons?

4. Where will you go with your friend?

5. When will your sister come back?

6. What will your teacher ask?

7. Where will your parents go for their holidays?

8. What shall we do" in the evening?

9. What will you have for dinner?

10. Why will you leave your home early?

11. What books will you take from the library?

12. How long will they stay in the laboratory?

Exercise 18. Agree with the following statements. Example: - He will come tomorrow, won't he? - Yes, he will. He promised.

1. My sister will do it herself, won't she?

2. The weather will be fine tomorrow, won't it?

3. The days will get longer very soon, won't they?

4. It will rain in the evening, won't it?

5. Your parents will soon return from abroad, won't they?

6. You will carry the box, won't you?

7. You will listen to the tape, won't you?

8. You will write a letter for me, won't you?

9. You will introduce me to her, won't you? 10. They will Start tomorrow, won't they?

Exercise 19. Complete up the following sentences. Example: Next year he will go to England.

1. In a week I (to go to the theatre).

2. Tomorrow his brother (to come to see us).

3. Tonight he (to find time for it).

4. In summer they (to leave for Moscow).

5. In the morning the doctor (to visit your child).

6. Next summer our family (to live in the country).

7. In a day or two she (to bring a book).

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8. On Sunday the children (to go to the Zoo).

9. Tonight all of them (to gather in the club). 10, The day after tomorrow we (to go shopping).

Exercise 20. Translate into English.

1. Завтра у нас будет интересная дискуссия. 2. В субботу будет плохая погода.

3. Вы пойдете в театр на следующей неделе?

4. Мой друг вернется через день или два.

б. Студенты будут работать в этой лаборатории.

6. Когда вы начнете новый эксперимент?

7. Мы встретимся послезавтра.

8. Делегация посетит новую выставку.

9. Они ответят вам по телефону.

10. Мой брат пойдет в школу через год.

ШИТ 8.