- •The ancient near east
- •I. Pretext exercises
- •II. Text I the ancient near east
- •III. Reading skills
- •IV. Vocabulary skills
- •V. Speaking skills
- •VI. Writing skills
- •VII. Translation skills
- •The Fertile Crescent
- •Words to remember
- •Unit II ancient egypt
- •I. Pretext exercises
- •II. Text II ancient egypt
- •Mumification
- •-An,-ian
- •III. Reading skills
- •IV. Vocabulary skills
- •V. Speaking skills
- •VI. Writing skills
- •VI. Translation skills
- •Egyptian Religion
- •Words to remember
- •Unit III two great cities oe the indus valley
- •I. Pretext exercises
- •II. Text III two great cities of the indus valley
- •III. Reading skills
- •IV. Vocabulary skills
- •V. Speaking skills
- •VI. Writing skills
- •Vil translation skills
- •Words to remember
V. Speaking skills
Ex. 10. Agree or disagree. Prove your answer:
The cultivation of the rich Nile silt made it possible for the people of the Nile Valley to take a different cultural path from the rest of Africa.
The earliest Egyptian writing developed into the largely phonetic hieroglyphic script.
The first national capital was established at Thebes around 3100 ВС.
Pharaoh was regarded as a deity.
Osiris was the sun-god in the Egyptian pantheon.
To get rid of the discredited kings was simply to remove their names from the official record.
No attempts at recording history in modern sense is known to have been made until around 250 ВС.
A priest called Manetho grouped the history of Egypt into "Kingdoms" and "Intermediate periods".
Ex. 11. a) Answer the following questions to see if you understand every word in the text:
What indicated frequent changes in cultural and political alignments?
What provides valuable information about Egypt?
When did Egypt become increasingly involved in the cultural and political world of the Greek Mediterranean?
When was the period of climax for Egypt's power?
In what way were the pharaohs' tombs modeled at different periods of the Egyptian history?
What do paintings and reliefs inside the royal tombs demonstrate?
What was the path of a human soul after death according to the ancient beliefs?
Were carvings and paintings of the tombs with vivid scenes of everyday life only decorations?
b) Put questions of your own to the rest of the text, ask your groupmates to answer them.
Ex. 12. Make up a plan of the text, provide each point of the plan with necessary words and word combinations. Compare and discuss your plans in the classroom.
Ex. 13. Retell the text using your own plan and expressions from Ex. 5,6,12.
Ex. 14. Give the gist of the text.
Ex. 15. Role play.
Give some advice and commentaries on what places to visit to a friend of yours who is going on a trip to Egypt.
Ex. 16. Look through the table and comment on it:
5500-3100 ВС Pre-dynastic period
3100-2686 ВС Early Dynastic Period
2686-2181 ВС Old Kingdom
2181-2055 ВС 1st Intermediate Period
2055-1650 ВС Middle Kingdom
1650-1550 ВС 2nd Intermediate
1550-1069 ВС New Kingdom
1069-747 ВС 3rd Intermediate
747-332 ВС Late Period
332-30 ВС Ptolemaic Period
30 ВС - AD 395 Roman Period
VI. Writing skills
Ex. 17. Make up sentences of your own using expressions from Ex. 5,6.
Ex. 18. Rewrite the text with the correct punctuation and capital letters.
By about the sixth millennium be the people of the nile valley began to take a different cultural path from the rest of africa.pre-dynastic egyptians built shrines to the local deities who later made up the complex egyptian pantheon the unification of the two lands of upper egypt the valley and the lower egypt the delta was central to egyptian ideas of kingship.
Ex. 19. Topics for essay writing:
The idea of unification in the history of Egypt.
Egyptian Cults.
Tombs and artifacts as a source of our knowledge about the ancient Egyptians.
Ex. 20. Look back through the unit and Make a list of words and phrases to do with:
1. religion; 3. kingship.
2. process of mummification;