Добавил:
Upload Опубликованный материал нарушает ваши авторские права? Сообщите нам.
Вуз: Предмет: Файл:

Политология / стуктура политической системы

.txt
Скачиваний:
6
Добавлен:
17.04.2015
Размер:
8.96 Кб
Скачать
яю>;8B8G5A:0O A8AB5<0  A>2>:C?=>ABL ?>;8B8G5A:8E AB@C:BC@, =>@<, >@85=B0-

F89, 2K?>;=ONI8E DC=:F88 8=B53@0F88 >1I5AB20, 040?B0F88 : >:@C60NI59 A@5-

45 8 A?>A>1AB2CNI8E ?@8=OB8N =081>;55 206=KE ?>;8B8G5A:8E @5H5=89. >=O-

B85 ?>;8B8G5A:>9 A8AB5<K 1K;> 22545=> 2 ?>;8B8G5A:CN =0C:C 0<5@8:0=A:8<

?>;8B>;>3>< . AB>=><. 07@01>B0==0O 8< B5>@5B8G5A:0O <>45;L 1K;0 ?@8720=0

2K@078BL F5;>AB=K9 E0@0:B5@ ?>;8B8:8. >4 ?>;8B8G5A:>9 A8AB5<>9 >= ?>=8<0;

A>2>:C?=>ABL 2708<>459AB289, ?>A@54AB2>< :>B>@KE ?@>8AE>48B 2;0AB=>5 @0A?@5-

45;5=85 F5==>AB59 2 >1I5AB25. >;8B8G5A:0O A8AB5<0, ?> AB>=C, 2708<>459AB2C-

5B A >:@C60NI59 A@54>9. >A;54=OO ?>4@0745;O;0AL 8< =0 2=CB@5==NN 8 2=5H-

=NN.  2=CB@5==59 A8AB5<5 >B=>A8;8AL M:>;>38G5A:0O, 18>;>38G5A:0O, A>F80;L=0O

8 4@C385 A8AB5<K.  2=5H=59  <564C=0@>4=K5 M:>=><8G5A:85, ?>;8B8G5A:85

8 A>F80;L=K5 A8AB5<K. !B@C:BC@0 >:@C60NI59 A@54K ?@54AB02;5=0 =0 @8A. 6.1.

B >:@C60NI59 A@54K 8AE>4OB 8<?C;LAK, =0 :>B>@K5 @5038@C5B ?>;8B8G5A:0O

A8AB5<0. -B8 8<?C;LAK 2>A?@8=8<0NBAO ?>;8B8G5A:>9 A8AB5<>9 8 ?@5>1@07CNBAO

2 ?>;8B8G5A:85 @5H5=8O 8 459AB28O. !CI5AB2CNB 420 B8?0 8<?C;LA>2, 2>7459AB-

2CNI8E =0 ?>;8B8G5A:CN A8AB5<C: B@51>20=8O 8 ?>445@6:0. 57 B@51>20=89, ?>-

ABC?0NI8E 87 >:@C60NI59 A@54K, ?>;8B8G5A:0O A8AB5<0 =5 A<>3;0 1K DC=:F8>-

=8@>20BL. 4=0:> >4=8 B@51>20=8O, 157 ?>445@6:8, A?>A>1=K @07@CH8BL ?>;8B8-

G5A:CN A8AB5<C. >MB><C A8AB5<5 =5>1E>48<K :0: B@51>20=8O, B0: 8 ?>445@6:0.

"@51>20=8O <>3CB 1KBL ?>4@0745;5=K =0 =5A:>;L:> 284>2:

1) :0A0NI85AO @0A?@545;5=8O 1;03 8 CA;C3 (=0?@8<5@, B@51>20=8O ?@8=OB8O 70-

:>=>2 > 70@01>B=>9 ?;0B5, > @01>G5< 2@5<5=8, >1 >1@07>20=88 8 4@.);

2) :0A0NI85AO @53C;8@>20=8O ?>2545=8O (=0?@8<5@, B@51>20=8O >15A?5G5=8O 157-

>?0A=>AB8, ?@>2545=8O ?@>B5:F8>=8ABA:>9 ?>;8B8:8 ?> >B=>H5=8N : =0F8>-

=0;L=K< :0<?0=8O< 8 4@.);

3) :0A0NI85AO :><<C=8:0F88 8 8=D>@<0F88 (=0?@8<5@, B@51>20=8O >15A?5-

G5=8O (A2>1>4=>3> 8 @02=>3> 4>ABC?0 : 8=D>@<0F88 8 4@.).

>445@6:0 ?>;8B8G5A:>9 A8AB5<K 2K@0605BAO 2:

" A>1;N45=88 70:>=>2;

" CG0AB88 2 ?>;8B8G5A:>9 687=8 (=0?@8<5@, CG0AB85 2 2K1>@0E);

" ;>O;L=>< >B=>H5=88 : 2;0AB8 8 2> 2=8<0=88 : >D8F80;L=>9 8=D>@<0F88;

" >:070=88 CA;C3 8 <0B5@80;L=>< D8=0=A8@>20=88 ?>;8B8G5A:>9 A8AB5<K (=0-

?@8<5@, 8A?>;=5=85 2>8=A:>9 ?>28==>AB8, C?;0B0 =0;>3>2 8 4@.).

>ABC?0NI85 8<?C;LAK ?5@5@010BK20NBAO ?>;8B8G5A:>9 A8AB5<>9, =0 >A=>25

G53> ?@8=8<0NBAO @5H5=8O 8 >ACI5AB2;ONBAO ?>;8B8G5A:85 459AB28O. !>45@60-

=85< 8AE>4OI8E 8<?C;LA>2 2KABC?0NB:

1) @53C;8@>20=85 ?>2545=8O 8 2708<>459AB28O 2 >1I5AB25;

2) @0A?@545;5=85 F5==>AB59 8 CA;C3;

3) A>740=85 70:>=>2 8 =>@<.

>?040O 2 ?>;8B8G5A:CN A8AB5<C, B@51>20=8O 8 ?>445@6:0 ?@52@0I0NBAO 2

?>;8B8G5A:85 @5H5=8O. 8=0<8G5A:0O <>45;L ?>;8B8G5A:>9 A8AB5<K ?@54AB02-

;5=0 =0 @8A. 6.2, 0 <>45;L DC=:F8>=8@>20=8O ?>;8B8G5A:>9 A8AB5<K  =0 @8A. 6.3.

=0G8B5;L=K9 2:;04 2 @07@01>B:C B5>@88 ?>;8B8G5A:>9 A8AB5<K 2=5A . ;-

<>=4. <5@8:0=A:89 ?>;8B>;>3 ?>=8<0; ?>4 ?>;8B8G5A:>9 A8AB5<>9 >A>1K9 B8?

A>F80;L=>9 A8AB5<K B0:>9, :>B>@0O 70459AB2>20=0 2 ?@8=OB88 2;0AB=KE ?C1;8G-

=KE @5H5=89. «>;8B8G5A:0O A8AB5<0,  >B<5G05B >=,  ?@54AB02;O5B A>1>9 A>2>-

:C?=>ABL 8=AB8BCB>2 (B0:8E :0: ?0@;0<5=BK, 1N@>:@0B88 8 AC4K), :>B>@K5 D>@-

<C;8@CNB 8 2>?;>I0NB 2 687=L :>;;5:B82=K5 F5;8 >1I5AB20 8 ACI5AB2CNI8E

2 =8E 3@C??». A=>2=>5 2=8<0=85 >= A>A@54>B>G8; =0 DC=:F8OE «2E>40» 8 «2K-

E>40» ?>;8B8G5A:>9 A8AB5<K (A<. @8A. 6.4).  DC=:F8O< «2E>40» >= >B=5A: 0@B8:C-

;OF8N 8 03@538@>20=85 8=B5@5A>2, ?>;8B8G5A:CN A>F80;870F8N 8 @5:@CB0F8N,

0 B0:65 ?>;8B8G5A:CN :><<C=8:0F8N. @B8:C;OF8O 8=B5@5A>2  ?@>F5AA D>@-

<C;8@>20=8O 8 2K@065=8O B@51>20=89, ?@54JO2;O5<KE : ?>;8B8G5A:8< AB@C:-

BC@0<, ?@8=8<0NI8< 2;0AB=K5 @5H5=8O. 3@538@>20=85 8=B5@5A>2  ?@840=85

>4=>@>4=>AB8 <=>65AB2C @07=>E0@0:B5@=KE B@51>20=89 8 8=B5@5A>2 8 8E 85@0@-

E870F8O, A>548=5=85 B@51>20=89 2 ?0@B89=K5 ?@>3@0<<K. >;8B8G5A:0O A>F80-

;870F8O ?@54AB02;O5B A>1>9 ?@>F5AA ?@8>1I5=8O 8=48284>2 : =>@<0< 8 F5==>-

ABO< ?>;8B8G5A:>9 A8AB5<K. >;8B8G5A:0O @5:@CB0F8O A2>48BAO : >B1>@C ;8F

4;O >ACI5AB2;5=8O 2;0AB=KE DC=:F89 2 ?>;8B8G5A:>9 A8AB5<5. >4 ?>;8B8G5-

A:>9 :><<C=8:0F859 ?>=8<05BAO @0A?@>AB@0=5=85 8 ?5@540G0 ?>;8B8G5A:>9 8=-

D>@<0F88 :0: <564C M;5<5=B0<8 ?>;8B8G5A:>9 A8AB5<K, B0: 8 <564C ?>;8B8G5-

A:>9 A8AB5<>9 8 >:@C60NI59 A@54>9. 5@5G8A;5==K5 DC=:F88 2K?>;=ONB @O4

?>;8B8G5A:8E AB@C:BC@: 3@C??K 8=B5@5A>2, ?0@B88, 70:>=>40B5;L=K5 >@30=K 2;0-

AB8.  DC=:F88 «2KE>40» 1K;8 2:;NG5=K: =>@<>B2>@G5AB2>, 8A?>;=5=85 70:>=>2,