Answer the questions:

l. How has man changed the earth? 2. Who is the cre­ator of the material and spiritual treasures of mankind? 3. What sources of energy did man discover and use in his life activi­ty? 4. When did the first industrial revolution begin? 5. What made man’s work easier and gave him time for creative work?6.When does science become a direct productive force of so­ciety? 7. What are the consequences of the scientific-techno­logical revolution? 8. What is the great progress of science il­lustrated by? 9. Did man use first energy of fire or atom? 10. The machine made a great contribution to the spread of information, didn’t it?

Exercises

I. Form words after the models and translate them into Ukrai­nian:

a) V + -ment: to move — movement

to achieve, to employ, to advance, to attach, to treat, to judge, to equip, to establish;

b) V + -ion (-tion, -ation): to recognize — recognition

to observe, to inform, to irrigate, to obliterate, to interpret, to react, to civilize, to construct, to invent, to contribute;

c) V + -er (-or): to weave — weaver

to create, to construct, to irrigate, to use, to produce, to discover, to invent, to build, to control, to observe, to contrib­ute, to give, to perform, to compute, to turn;

d) A + -al: historic — historical

electric, physic, mechanic, mathematic, technologic, scientific, electronic, automatic.

II. Form words with opposite meaning by adding the prefixes un-, dis-, im-, in-, ir- to the proper group of words:

regular, advantage, appear, important, usual, able, direct, possible, probable, progressive, productive, significant, limited, easy, qualified, natural, complete.

III. Translate the following words into Ukrainian and state their part of speech:

science — scientist — scientific — scientifically;

physics — physicist — physical — physically;

conduct — conductor — conductive — conductivity;

to discover — discoverer — discovery;

to consider — consideration — considerable — consider­ably;

to create — creator —creation — creative — creativity.

IV. Write and read the plural form of the following nouns:

instrument, ability, oil, shale, gas, sheep, energy, fish, loom, engine, deer, life, tooth, touch, phenomenon, force, apparatus, nucleus, datum, crisis, radius, analysis, thesis.

V. Read and explain the meaning of “s” in the following words:

roads, horizons, plants, reads, works, physics, looms, years, mathematics, weapons, cybernetics, opens, speaks, colours, scissors, trousers, electronics, news, mechanics.

VI. Read the following international words and give their Uk­rainian equivalents:

construction; civilization, irrigation, literature, prog­ressive, locomotive, machine, revolution, production, con­trol, contribution, introduction, correction, complex, source, horizon, role, constructive, destructive.

VII. Choose English equivalents of the following Ukrainian words:

галузь a number of

винахід wide

наука knowledge

широкий science

вчений branch

декілька (ряд) world

знання scientific

світ phenomenon

науковий scientist

явище achievement

досягнення invention