• USE:

• The Present Perfect Continuous используется, чтобы сделать ударение на длительности действия, которое началось в прошлом и длится до настоящего времени, особенно со следующими временными выражениями: for, since, all morning/day/ week, etc.

• Sarah has been picking vegetables for two hours. (She started picking vegetables two hours ago and she is still picking them now.)

• The Present Perfect Continuous также используется для действия, которое началось и закончилось в прошлом, и длилось некоторое время. Результат действия очевиден в настоящем.

• He is dirty. He has been playing football. (He is no longer playing football, but the fact that his clothes are dirty is visible now.)

• Note: С глаголамиfeel (have a particular emotion), live, work, teach мы используем the present perfect и present perfect continuous, при этом значение остаётся неизменным.

• e.g. He has felt/ has been feeling unwell all morning.

• The Present Perfect Continuous используется для выражения гнева, раздражения и возмущения. (anger, annoyance, irritation)

• Who has been reading my business papers? (The speaker is irritated.)

• The Present Perfect and Present Perfect Continuous используются со следующими временными выражениями (time expressios):

• how long

• e.g. How long have you known Jack?

• How long have you been learning English?

• for (duration)

• e.g. I have known Jack for five years.

• I have not seen Emily for a long time.

• She has been working here for twenty years.

• since (starting point)

• e.g. They have been married since last April.

• We have been living here since 1980.

• I have not talked to Ann since last Sunday.

• lately/ recently

• e.g. Have youseen any good filmslately/ recently?

• She has been going outa lotlately/ recently.

• Note:

• already используется в середине или в конце утвердительных и вопросительных предложений.

• Have you already finished? Have you finished already?

• yet используется в отрицательных предложениях после краткой формы вспомогательного глагола (a contracted auxiliary verb) или в конце предложения.

• She hasn’t yet called me. She hasn’t called me yet.

• still используется в утверждениях и вопросах после вспомогательного глагола или перед главным глаголом. В отрицаниях он ставится перед вспомогательным глаголом.

• I am still reading the newspaper. He still works for the same company. She still hasn’t signed the contract.

• Grammar Exercises

• 11. Put each verb in brackets into either Present Perfect or Present Perfect Continuous.

• 1. Susan ___________________ (not/ return) from her skiing holiday yet.

• 2. We ___________________ (just/ move) in.

• 3. I ____________________ (not/ see) Thomas since 1995.

• 4. Sue __________________ (clean) for the past three hours.

• 5. Cindy ________________ (never/ be) to the United States.

• 6. She __________________ (revise) for the exams since Monday.

• 7. How long _____________________ (you/ work) here?

• 8. He ___________________ (make) ten phone calls since this morning.

• 9. _______________________ (you/ever/lie) to your best friend?

• 10. He _____________________ (lie) on the couch since he got home from work.

• 12. Using the Present Perfect or the Present Perfect Continuous of the verbs in brackets, complete the sentences, as in the example.

• 1. Ralph is getting frustrated because the meal he ordered hasn’t been served yet. (wait)

• He has been waiting for his meal.

• 2. The estate agent is taking down the “For Sale” sign in front of the house. (sell)

• He _______________________ the house.

• 3. Jerry is travelling to Moscow on Tuesday. (book)

• He ___________________ a plane ticket.

• 4. Samantha is reading a letter from Maureen. (receive)

• She ___________________ from her.

• 5. John started fixing the washing machine this morning. (repair)

• He ___________________ it since 9 a.m.

• 6. Rachel is getting out of bed. (just/ wake up)

• She _____________________.

• 7. Lisa started working for us in1992. (work)

• She _______________________ for us since 1992.

• 8. Elaine is still waiting for yhe bus. (come/ yet)

• It _________________________.

• 13. Fill in gaps with recently, how long, yet, for, always, ever, already, since, so far or just.

• 1. A: Has Tom finished his exams yet?

• B: No. He finishes next Thursday.

• 2. A: _____________ has Janet been working at the hospital?

• B: She has ben working there ________________ she left school.

• 3. A: How are you finding your new job?

• B: Great! I haven’t had any problems _______________.

• 4. A: Is John at home, please?

• B: No, I’m afraid he’s ______________ gone out.

• 5. A: Have you been waiting long?

• B: Yes, I’ve been here ___________ two hours.

• 6. A: Has Martin _____________ been to Spain?

• B: No, I don’t think so.

• 7. A: Have you spoken to Mathew _________ ?

• B: Yes. I phoned him last night.

• 8. A: Can you do the washing-up for me, please?

• B: Don’t worry. Mike has __________ done it.

• 9. A: Lucy has __________ been musical, hasn’t she?

• B: Yes, she started playing the piano when she was five years old.

• 10. A: Shall we go to that new restaurant tonight?

• B: Yes. I have _____________ been there. It’s really nice.

• 11. A: Your dog’s been barking ____________ three hours!

• B: I’m sorry. I’ll take him inside.

• 12. A: Have you finished reading that book yet?

• B: No, I’ve __________ started it.

• 14. Put the verb into the more suitable form, present perfect or present perfect continuous.

• 1. Where have you been? Have you been playing (you/ play) tennis?

• 2. Look! _______________________________ (somebody/ break) that window.

• 3. You look tired. _________________________ (you/ work) hard?

• 4. “_____________________________ (you/ever/ work) in a factory?” “No, never.”

• 5. “Liz is away on holiday.” “Is she? Where _____________________(she/ go)?”

• 6. My brother is an actor. _____________________________(he/ appear) in several films.

• 7. “Sorry I’m late.” “That’s all right. _________________________(I/not/ wait) long.”

• 8. “Is it still raining?” “No, _______________________(it/ stop).”

• 9. ________________ (I/lose) my address book. _________________________(you/see) it?

• 10. _________________(I/read) the book you lent me, but __________________(I/not/ finish) it yet. It’s very interesting.

• 15. Translate the sentences into English.

• 1. “Как давно ты знаком с Молли?” – “О, мы знакомы с ней целую вечность!”

• 2. “Где Сандра?” – “На кухне. Она всё ещё готовит ужин. Она ещё не закончила готовить главное блюдо. Ты что с голоду умираешь?”

• 3. “Ты когда-нибудь пробовал дорогое итальянское шампанское Asti с красной икрой?” - “Нет, этим летом я как раз собираюсь лететь в Неаполь.”

• 4. ”Линда всё ещё в банке?” – “ Нет, она только что вернулась.”

• 5. “Ты часто ездишь отдыхать?” – “Нет, я не отдыхал уже 5 лет.”

• 6. Какая ужасная погода! Дождь льёт целый день. Похоже, он никогда не прекратится!

• 7. У моих дедушки и бабушки сегодня годовщина свадьбы. Они женаты 50 лет. Это невероятно! У них четверо детей, семеро внуков и даже три правнука!

• 8. “О, нет! Я снова потеряла паспорт!” – “Ты его теряешь уже пятый раз. Ты все время что-нибудь теряешь. И не спрашивай меня: “Ты не видел случайно мой паспорт, милый?”

• 9. “Тебе нравится Париж?” – “О, это самый прекрасный город, который я когда-либо посетил. И почему я не приезжал сюда раньше?”

• 10.”Где ты был? Играл в теннис? Сколько сетов ты выиграл?”

• 16. Underline the correct tense.

• 1. LizandIaregoodfriends.Weknow/ have knowneachotherforfouryears.

• 2. Sarahisverytired. She has been working/ is working hard all day.

• 3. “Where is John?” “He’s upstairs. He does/ is doing his homework.”

• 4. I can’t go to the party on Saturday. I am leaving/ have been leaving for Spain on Friday night.

• 5. Jane has finished/ is finishing cleaning her room, and now she is going out with her friends.

• 6. I didn’t recognize Tom. He looks/ is looking so different in a suit.

• 7. I don’t need to wash my car. Jim washes/ has washed it for me already.

• 8. Ian has been talking/ is talking to his boss for an hour now.

• 9. Claire’s train arrives/ has arrived at 3 o’clock. I must go and meet her at the station.

• 10. “Would you like to borrow this book?” “No, thanks. I have read/ have been reading it before.”

• 17. Correct the mistakes.

• 1. They have been to the shops. They’ll be home soon.

• 2. Joe plays in the garden at the moment.

• 3. I am going to work by car every day.

• 4. The builders finish the block of flats already.

• 5. He has been breaking his arm.

• 6. Sam have just finished reading a very interesting book.

• 7. Water is boiling at 100 degrees Celsius.

• 8. John is living here since 1986.

• 9. I study this subject for five years.

• 10. Who has use my scissors?

• Writing

• Write the composition (150-200 words): “How do you use computer in your studies and in your free time?”

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