- •From the history of building
- •In a period of 800 to 900 years the Romans developed concrete to the position
- •I. К каждой данной паре слов вспомните русское слово с тем же корнем, что и английское:
- •II. Вспомните значение следующих английских слов и подберите к ним эквиваленты из правого столбца
- •III. Переведите на русский язык следующие цепочки слов, обращая внимание на словообразовательные суффиксы:
- •Building materials
- •1) Main building materials such as rocks and artificial stones, timber and metals.
- •2) Binding materials such as lime, gypsum and cement.
- •3) Secondary or auxiliary materials which are used for the interior parts of the buildings.
- •Упражнения к тексту “building materials”
- •I. К каждой данной паре слов вспомните русское слово с тем же корнем, что и английское:
- •II. Вспомните значение следующих английских слов и подберите к ним эквиваленты из правого столбца
- •IV. Закончите следующие предложения в соответствии с содержанием текста:
- •Упражнения к тексту “timber”
- •I. К каждой данной паре слов вспомните русское слово с тем же корнем, что и английское:
- •II. Вспомните значение следующих английских слов и подберите к ним эквиваленты из правого столбца
- •III. Закончите следующие предложения, в соответствии с текстом. Предложения переведите.
- •Упражнения к тексту “stone”
- •I. К каждой данной паре слов вспомните русское слово с тем же корнем, что и английское:
- •II. Вспомните значение следующих английских слов и подберите к ним эквиваленты из правого столбца
- •III. Вспомните значение следующих английских слов и подберите к ним эквиваленты из правого столбца. Дайте русский перевод данных синонимов.
- •V. Используя слова и предложения из текста докажите что:
- •3. Stone is one of the most valuable materials.
- •Metals and concrete
- •Упражнения к тексту “metals and concrete”
- •I. К каждой данной паре слов вспомните русское слово с тем же корнем, что и английское:
- •II. Вспомните значение следующих английских слов и подберите к ним эквиваленты из правого столбца.
- •III. Закончите следующие предложения, используя английские эквиваленты из текста. Полученные предложения переведите на русский язык.
- •I. Прочитайте и переведите выделенные в тексте слова и выражения.
- •II. Прочитайте и определите, какие предложения относятся к а) дереву, б) кирпичу, в) пластику г) бетону. Предложения переведите на русский язык.
- •II. Закончите предложения о металле, слоистом пластике и пеностекле в соответствии с текстом. Предложения переведите.
- •Aggregates for concrete
- •Слова и выражения к тексту
- •Ancient wonders of the world
- •Plastics
- •From the history of concrete
- •Cliches for resume
- •Grammar material control work n 1
- •I. Слово с окончанием ”s”
- •Б) личное местоимение в именительном падеже (I, you, he, she, it, we, they) показывает,что следующее за ним слова – сказуемое
- •II. Cуществительное в форме определения
- •III. Степени сравнения прилагательных и наречий
- •IV. Таблица производных слов от some, any, no
- •1. Some (thing), (body, one), where в утвердительных предложениях
- •V. Времена группы simple
- •Структура специальных вопросов
- •Grammar exercises control work n 1
- •II. Перевести предложения, обращая внимание на перевод определений, выраженных именем существительным.
- •Защита контрольной работы n 1
- •II. Read the text below. For question1-10 choose the answer (a, b or c) which you think fits best according to the text. From the history of human dwelling
- •V. Словарь строительных терминов.
- •Control work n 2
- •1. A) Употребление временных форм глагола в действительном залоге
- •B) страдательный залог
- •Употребление временных форм глагола в страдательном залоге
- •II. Participle
- •III. Modal verbs
- •Grammar exercises
- •Защита 2 контрольной работы специальности пгс и гсх
- •The knowledge of how to make durable concrete has been lost for centuries.
- •II. Read the text below. For question1-10 choose the answer (a, b or c) which you think fits best according to the text. From the history of house construction
- •Text 1. Ceramic tiles
- •1. Pair work. Put these questions to your groupmate. Let him/her answer them.
- •Text 2. Terracotta
- •Text3. Wood
- •Text4.. Wood products
- •Text5. From the history of metals
- •1. Answer the questions given below. Try to do it without consulting the text of the article.
- •Text 6. Steel
- •Text 7. Ferrous and non-ferrous metals
- •8. Aluminum. Alumina
Text 1. Ceramic tiles
It is a well-known fact that there exist many types of bricks. Some of I hem are highly usable in construction while others are not popular because of their poor properties. Between these types there lie various types that are used for specific purposes. To them belong, for example, ceramic tiles.
Ceramic tiles is a burned-clay product. It is mainly used for decorative and sanitary purposes.
A ceramic tile consists of a clay body (корпус) covered with decorative glaze. Ceramic tiles are usually flat in form. They are extremely various. They vary in size from about 1/2 in square to more than 6 in. Their shapes are widely variable: squares, rectangles, hexagones, and others. Ceramic tiles are produced from clays of different colours. But — strange as it is — their colours do not depend on the colours of clays they are made of. Tiles are glazed, as a rule, and their colour depends on the colour of the glaze they are covered with. It is quite natural that ceramic tiles in practice exist in wide variety of colours: from pure whites to deep darks and blacks. Ceramic tiles are applied to the covered surface by means of a mortar or some adhesive substance. They are usually applied with the thinnest mortar joint.
1. Pair work. Put these questions to your groupmate. Let him/her answer them.
Is the body of a ceramic tile covered with some substance? What substance is it covered with?
What spheres are ceramic tiles used in?
Do they differ in forms, colours, and shapes?
What are their colours and sizes?
By what means are ceramic tiles applied to the surfaces? Are they applied with a thick or thin adhesive joint?
Read and translate the article.
Text 2. Terracotta
Terracotta belongs to decorative types of brick. They are produced of burned clay. Their structural properties being similar to the properties of brick, they are often used in a manner similar to brick. Terracotta also exists in a wide variety of colours from pure whites to blacks. Their colour depends on the colour of the glaze they are covered with. Different adhesive substances are used for the application of terracotta to the surfaces being decorated with them.
Read and translate the text.
Text3. Wood
Wood has been a highly used building material since prehistoric times. Among other highly used construction materials there are concrete, steel, brick, stone, and plastics. They all differ in their properties and in the methods of usage. Construction materials are known to differ in strength, hardness, fire- and corrosion-resistance durability, and, naturally, cost.
Being the oldest building material, wood is also known to be the only naturally growing organic material. Is wood strong? Hardly so, because wood always contains some water which decreases its strength. But after the wood is cut, the water content starts to evaporate and as the water content decreases the strength of the cut wood and its hardness start to increase. It is a well-known fact that the drier is the cut wood the greater is its strength and hardness.
Trees are known to grow naturally, which makes wood a constantly renewable natural resource. Among other advantages of wood there are its low cost, low weight, and high workability. But, as any other construction material, wood has its disadvantages. The main ones are the following — it is not fire-resistant, it easily burns. Besides, it easily decays.
Read and translate the text. Answer the questions after the text.