New Zealand

Island- остров

Indigenous language- местный диалект

Isolation- уединение, изоляция

Descent- происхождение

To certain- полагать

To coin- создать новый термин

Constitutional monarchy- конституционная монархия

Chamber- палата

Powers- полномочия

To elect - избирать

New Zealand is an island country in the south-western Pacific Ocean comprising two main landmasses (the North Island and the South Island), and numerous smaller islands, most notably Stewart Island/Rakiura and the Chatham Islands. The indigenous Māori language name for New Zealand is Aotearoa. New Zealand is notable for its geographic isolation: it is situated about 2,000 km (1250 miles) southeast of Australia across the Tasman Sea, and its closest neighbours to the north are New Caledonia, Fiji and Tonga. The total land area, 268,021 square kilometers (103,483 sq mi).

The name New Zealand originated with Dutch cartographers, who called the islands Nova Zeelandia, after the Dutch province of Zeeland. No one is certain exactly who first coined the term, but it first appeared in 1645 and may have been the choice of cartographer Johan Blaeu.British explorer James Cook subsequently anglicized the name to New Zealand.

During its long isolation New Zealand developed a distinctive fauna dominated by birds, a number of which became extinct after the arrival of humans and the mammals they introduced.

The majority of New Zealand's population is of European descent.

New Zealand is a developed country that ranks highly in international comparisons on human development, quality of life, life expectancy, literacy, public education, peace, economic freedom, ease of doing business, lack of corruption, press freedom, and the protection of civil liberties and political rights.

New Zealand is a constitutional monarchy with a parliamentary democracy. Elizabeth II, as the Queen of New Zealand, is the country's head of state. Legislative political power is held by the democratically elected Parliament of New Zealand, and executive political power is effectively exercised by the Prime Minister.

The New Zealand Parliament has only one chamber.

Parliamentary general elections are held every three years.

Exercise 5. Answer the following questions:

1. What is New Zealand?

2. What is the origin of the name New Zealand?

3. NZ is notable for its geographic isolation, is not it?

4. What is the population of the country?

5. Is Elizabeth II the head of NZ?

6. Is NZ a constitutional monarchy or parliamentary republic?

7. How many chambers are there in the parliament of NZ?

8. What is the total area of the country?

Exercise 6. Give the translation to the English equivalents:

An island country, geographic isolation, extinct, human development, expectancy, coined the term, explorer, and elections.

Exercise 7. Give the English equivalents:

Быть расположенным, бесчисленные маленькие островки, занимать высокое место, располагаться, отсутствие коррупции, британский исследователь, точно, палата представителей.

Exercise 8. Insert the missing words:

1. The indigenous … name for New Zealand is Aotearoa.

2. … is notable for its geographic isolation.

3. The majority of New Zealand's population is of …

4. Elizabeth II, … , is the country's head of state.

5. … … … is held by the democratically elected Parliament of New Zealand.

6. The New Zealand Parliament has only one ….