- •Vocabulary 138
- •Electric current serves lis in a thousand ways
- •Exercises
- •Active Words and Expressions
- •Exercises
- •Exercises
- •Lightning
- •Active Words and Expressions
- •Exercises
- •Magnetism
- •Exercises
- •Idioms early history
- •Active Words and Expressions
- •Exercises
- •Lomonosov
- •Active Words and Expressions
- •Exercises
- •Volta's short biography
- •Electric current
- •Active Words and Expressions
- •What is heat?
- •Active Words and Expressions
- •Electric circuit
- •Voltmeter
- •Conductors and insulators
- •Active Words and Expressions
- •Exercises
- •Insulator surface treatment
- •Electromotive force and resistance
- •Active Words and Expressions
- •Exercises
- •Heating effect of an electric current
- •Active Words and Expressions
- •Exercises
- •III. Complete the following sentences:
- •IV. Answer the following questions:
- •V. Translate the following word combinations:
- •VI. Define the meaning of the prefixes in the following words, translate them:
- •IX. Translate tfie following sentences paying attention to the words in bold type:
- •X. Read and retell the following text.
- •If there were no electricity
- •XI. Speak on the heating effect of an electric current.
- •IV. Translate the following sentences and define the functions of tfie word that
- •V. Translate the following sentences paying attention to the words in bold type:
- •VI. Fill in the blanks with suitable prepositions and form sentences with the following infinitives: -
- •VII. Compare:
- •VIII. Translate the following sentences, paying atten- tion to the words in bold type:
- •IX. Form nouns from the following verbs and translate them:
- •X. Give a short summary of the text.
- •XI. Look at Fig. 9 and describe Oersted's discovery.
- •XII. Describe fig. 10.
- •VI. Read the following abbreviations:
- •VII. Define the following terms:
- •IX. Form five sentences combining suitable parts of the sentence given in columns I and II:
- •II. Answer the following questions:
- •IV. Define the following terms:
- •V. (a) Choose the right term; (b) explain the statement:
- •VI. Translate the following sentences:
- •VII. Translate the following text:
- •VIII. Retell the text.
- •Transformers
- •3 Single-pnase transformers stepping generator voltage up to 275.000 volts
- •2300 To 230 volt
- •2300 Volt motor
- •230 Volt induction motor
- •Transmission system
- •IV. Form as many words as possible using suffixes and prefixes. Define what parts of speech the new words are and translate them:
- •V. Form nouns from the following words using suitable suffixes:
- •VI. Translate the following word combinations:
- •VII. Arrange the following words and expressions in pairs of a) synonyms, b) antonyms:
- •IX. Compare:
- •X. Translate the following text:
- •XI. Retell the text
- •IV. Translate the following sentences using the Passive Voice:
- •V. Form sentences according to the models given below:
- •VI. Answer the following questions:
- •IV. Answer the following questions:
- •V. Define the following terms:
- •VI. Form six sentences using the following nouns quali- fied by adjectives:
- •VII. Translate the following text:
- •VIII. Describe Fig. 15.
- •IV. Translate the following sentences:
- •V. Translate the following sentences:
- •VII. Give a heading to each paragraph of the text. Explain why you have given such a heading.
- •VIII. Speak on:
- •IX. Translate the following text:
- •Active Words and Expressions
- •Exercises
- •IV. Translate the following words and word-combinations:
- •V. Answer the following questions:
- •VIII. Speak on the possible uses of solar energy.
- •IX. Read and retell the following story;
- •1. Energy
- •2. Electric fish
- •4. Surface tension
- •5. Electric meter
- •7. Refrigerator
- •10. Electron theory
- •11. Thermocouple and photocell
- •12. Electric lamp
- •13. Faraday's discovery
- •15. Steam turbine
- •16. Units of measurement
- •17. Plasma generator
- •18. Laser
- •19. Semiconductors
- •20. Steam power station
- •21. Hydroelectric power station
- •22. Current flow
- •23. Gases, solids, liquids and plasma
- •Idioms, Conjunctional and Prepositional Phrases
- •Vocabulary
- •Impulse wheel ['impals ,wi:l] активная турбина
Active Words and Expressions
bare wire, to cover, electrical engineering, factor, feature, insulator, in the same manner, opposition, path, to resist, rubber, similar, socket, to transmit
Exercises
/. Translate the following sentences:
I. The methods of solving the problem were discussed at the lesson. 2. The problem solved opened up new possibilities of nuclear energy application. 3. The devices the Soviet Union produces are known all over the world. 4. The data obtained helped the students in their research work. 5. The 1 measuring instruments we use in the laboratory were produced in the USSR. 6. The power generated was supplied to a number of factories. 7. The teacher spoke about the device to be tested and the motor to be started. 8. The material the conductors are made of must withstand high temperatures.
//. Form sentences according to the model given below:
Model: The method used ...
The method used is described in the present. article.
1. The device tested ... . 2. The results obtained ... . 3. The temperature measured .... 4. The phenomenon studied .... 5. The conductors used .... 6. The substance mentioned ....
///. Answer the following questions:
1. What is discussed in the present article? 2. Do all substances conduct the electric current easily? 3. What is a conductor? 4. What does conductance depend upon? 5. What materials are the best conductors of electricity? 6. Does temperature influence the conductor's resistance? 7. What feature of the conductor is illustrated in fig. 7? 8. What is the difference between a conductor and an insulator? 9. What insulators do you know? 10. Why are power transmission line wires bare? 11. What insulation is used on the cords of your electrical devices? 12. Can we do without insulators?
IV. a) Apply suitable adjectives to the following nouns: Model: electric charge
wire, engineering, conductor, difference, opposition, ma-,, terial, line, insulator, light
b) Form sentences, using the above nouns qualified by adjectives.
V. Translate the following groups of words:
research work, research work plan; water pipe, water pipe material, water pipe material quality; power supply, power supply increase, power supply increase problem; transmission line, transmission line wire, transmission line wire insulation; space investigation, space investigation program, space investigation program discussion
VI. Explain why:
1. We need conductors and insulators. 2. We compare water flow and current flow. 3. We mostly use copper conductors. 4. The current flows when you turn on the light.
VII. Translate the following text:
Insulator surface treatment
When the insulator is covered with a thin film of conducting electrolyte, a leakage current flows to ground over the insulator surface and this gives rise to heating. The heat so generated causes the moisture to evaporate until a dry non-conducting band is formed around the insulator across which the line to ground voltage is impressed. A visible discharge occurs across this dry band, the roots of which generate considerable heat and evaporate more moisture causing the dry band to widen. However the current in the discharge is limited by the resistance on either side. In the majority of cases, therefore the band widens to such an extent that the voltage across it is insufficient to maintain a discharge and extinction occurs.
VIII. Give a heading to each paragraph of the text. Ex- plain why you have given such a heading.
IX. Describe fig. 7.
X. Retell the text.
LESSON FIFTEEN \
THE MODALITY