Задание 30 . Какие из следующих названий в большей степени отражают основную тему каждого абзаца текста.

Абзац 1. 1. Universities’ curricula.

2. Students’ duties.

3. Types of colleges in the USA.

4. Types of higher educational establishments in the USA.

Абзац 2. 1. Different types of scientific degrees in American Universities.

2. Organization of studies in American Colleges and universities.

3. Main types of subjects.

4. Colleges’ administration.

Задание 31. Прочитайте текст. Передайте письменно его краткое содержание на русском языке. Особое внимание обратите на подчёркнутые слова и сочетания.

Many of us dream of studying at an Ivy League college. But being accepted is not so easy, especially if English is not your first language. Here is some advice to ease you through the application procedure.

Ivy League

This is an association of eight universities and colleges in the United States, made up of Brown, Columbia, Cornell, Dartmouth, Harvard, Princeton, the University of Pennsylvania, and Yale. They are among the best colleges in the world, and probably the most difficult to get into.

Application procedure

This is the process of applying to study at a particular college, from writing to the institution to request information, to receiving a final letter of acceptance or rejection. The process varies among colleges, departments, and types of institution (e.g. law school, business school, medical school, graduate or undergraduate school), so don't assume all applications will be the same.

Deadline

This is the final date for applications to be submitted. Meeting the school's deadline is one of the most simple yet vital parts of the application process, so make sure you check dates carefully and mail your application package well in advance.

Application Essay

This is an essay written by the applicants to describe themselves: their motivations, goals, greatest achievements, personality, and so on. It is also called a Personal Statement, Autobiographical Statement or a Letter of Intent. Whatever the name, if you are required to write one, do it well!

Academic transcript

This is an official copy of your permanent academic record (grades and academic performance), and is required by most schools as part of the application process. Foreign students need a certified translation of this document.

Application Fee

This is a payment that covers the cost of processing to your application. Application fees range from around $30 to over $75, and are generally not refunded, whether you are accepted or rejected.

Test scores

These are your results on standardized tests like the GRE (Graduate Record Examination) or SAT (Scholastic Assessment Test). Foreign students usually also have to submit scores for TOEFL (Test of English as a Foreign Language).

Recommendation letter

This is a letter of support written by someone who knows you, like a former teacher. These letters can seriously influence your application and set you apart from other applicants.

Interviews

This is where the applicant meets representatives from the school face to face, to answer questions about themselves. You can improve your chances of making a good impression by practicing the interview with a friend beforehand.

Paperwork

Foreign students also have to submit other paperwork (documentation) when applying to study in the US, for example proof of immunization, health certificates, evidence of financial support, copies of passports, study visas and so on. The process may be time consuming and troublesome, but a qualification from a top international university could be your first step to a successful career!

Задание 32. Выпишите подчёркнутые слова и сочетания с русскими эквивалентами.

Задание 33.Ещё раз просмотрите текст. Будьте готовы обсудить его содержание по-английски на занятии.

Задание 34. Просмотрите все тексты и диалоги о высшем образовании. На основе их содержания и с использованием активной лексики подготовьте в парах диалог об особенностях высшего образовании в России.

UNIT II: FROM THE HISTORY OF GREAT BRITAIN AND THE USA

Задание 1. Прочитайте и письменно переведите текст. Найдите в словаре и выпишите соответствующие русские эквиваленты подчёркнутых слов и словосочетаний (вспомните, где в словаре даются сокращения, географические названия; как искать значения устойчивых словосочетаний – фразеологизмов). Прочитайте по-английски все географические названия. Следующая памятка напомнит вам о том, что такое фразеологические сочетания.

Памятка 3

Фразеологические сочетания – это сочетания двух или более слов, устойчивые обороты речи, пословицы, поговорки. Значения их порой трудно определить по совокупности значений отдельных слов, входящих в этот оборот (to be at a loss – быть в затруднительном положении, в недоумении). Не забудьте о внешнем сходстве между устойчивым сочетанием и свободным. Оно может быть полным (red tape красная тесьма - свободное сочетание и red tape бюрократизм, волокита - устойчивое) и частичным (common error - обычная ошибка и common sense – здравый смысл). Фразеологические сочетания нужно искать в обычном или фразеологическом словаре по одному из знаменательных слов, а не по служебным словам (предлогам, союзам, частицам). Например, once in a blue moon - в кои-то веки, раз в год по обещанию - находится в словаре в словарной статье слова moon.

Who are the British? Ancient and Roman Britain

The word “the British» is used about the people who live on the British Isles and, to be more exact, who live in England, Wales, Scotland and Northern Ireland. They are all united in one country. It is officially known as the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland, or shortly UK. The flag of the UK is known as the Union Jack. It reflects the history of the state. This term can be explained as follows: “Union” reflects the union of England and Scotland in 1606, and “jack” means the flag on the jack staff (a small flagstaff) of ships to show their nationality. The arrival of the Celts from Central Europe after 800 B.C. opened up a new and important age of the British history. The name “British” comes from the name of a Celtic tribe. They were known as the Britons and settled in the country. The Celts spoke Celtic language. They worshipped nature. The oak tree and mistletoe were sacred. The tradition of decorating the homes in Britain during Christmas with branches of such plants as the mistletoe and holly is connected with the customs of the Celts. They believed that these plants protected their homes against evil spirits. Water was also worshiped as the source of life. Julius Caesar, the Roman ruler, first invaded Britain in 55 B.C. He gave the most interesting description of the life of the Celts. The Romans called Britain “Albion” (“white land”). The first view of Britain for most visitors was the white cliffs near Dover. Caesar’s first expedition was not successful, because his force was small and the Celts fought well. So in the following year, that is, in 54 B.C., he invaded the country with the larger army of 25,000 men. This time the expedition was successful, and the Celts were defeated. But Caesar did not stay in Britain. He left the country with many slaves and other reaches .He received a promise from the Celts. They promised to pay tribute to Rome. Some 90 years later, that is, in 43 A.D. the country was conquered by the Romans. The occupation of Britain continued to the beginning of the fifth century (about 410).