Задание 24. Прочитайте и письменно переведите текст. Обратите особое внимание на подчёркнутые слова и сочетания.

Higher Education in the USA

1. The system of higher education in the USA includes 4 categories of institutions: 1) two-year, or communitycolleges.The local authoritiesfinance them. The colleges’ aim is to satisfy the needs of the local community in different professions.Tuition feesare low in these colleges.That is whyabout 40 percent of all American students of higher education study at these colleges; 2)technical training institutions.High school graduatesmay take courses here. The courses range from six months to three-four years. The students here learn differenttechnical skills. They include design, business, computer programming,accounting,etc.; 3) four- year colleges. They are not part of the university. The graduates receive the degree of bachelor of arts (BA) or bachelor of science (BS); 4) universities. They may contain (a) several colleges for students who want to receive a bachelor’s degree after four years of study; and (b) one or moregraduate schoolsfor those who want to continue their studies after college for about two years to receive a master’s degree (Master of Arts (MA) or of Science (MS) or a doctoral degree (Ph. D. – Doctor of Philosophy, in some science). There are 156 universities in the USA.

2. The academic year is usually nine months, or two semesters of four and a half months each. Studies usually begin in September and end in July. Students can improve their gradesortake upadditionalcoursesin summer classes. During one term or semester a student study four or five different subjects. The students’progressis controlled through oral or written tests, term or course papers and a final examination in each course. For each part of his work in every course a student gets a mark. They help todeterminehis final grade. A student’srecordconsists of his grade in each course. College grades are usually on afive-point scale; A- is the highest mark and isequalto 5points, B = 4, C=3, D=2, E or F means failure. Each college or university has its owncurriculum. To receive a degree every student has to take a definite number of courses. These courses aremajor subjects(or“majors»).At the same time the student maychoosehimself some subjects. They are “electives”. A student mustearna certain number of “credits” (about 120). In this case they receive a degree at the end of four years of college. Students get credits by attending lectures or laboratory classes and completingassignmentsand examinations. One credit usually equals one hour of classper weekin asinglecourse during the semester.

Задание 25. Произнесите следующие слова и словосочетания.

1) authority, local authorities; 2) fees, tuition, tuition fees, low, tuition fees are low; 3) graduates, high school, high school graduates; 4) skills, technical skills, learn skills, learn different technical skills; 5) subjects, different subjects, to study different subjects; 6) a degree, a Master’s degree, to get a Master’s degree, 7) a mark, a good mark, to get a good mark; 8) courses, a number of courses,

to take a number of courses, to take a number of different courses.

Задание 26. Подберите к словам и сочетаниям из текста в левой колонке соответствующие по смыслу слова и сочетания из правой. Произнесите английские слова и сочетания.

1 communitycollege

2 localauthority

3 tuitionfees

4 that is why

5 technical training institution

6 high school graduates

7 to learn technical skills

8 to receive the degree of Bachelor of Arts (BA)

9 Master of Arts (MA)

10 to improve grades

11 take up additional courses

12 to control students’ progress

13 to determine a final grade

14 a student’s record

15 five – point scale

16 to be equal to…points

17 curriculum

18 majors

19 electives

20 to earn a certain number of credits

21 to complete assignments

22 per week

23 a single course

1 проверять успехи студентов

2 выставить окончательную отметку

3 муниципальный колледж

4 табель успеваемости студента

5 план, программа

6 профилирующие (предметы)

7 равняться …очкам

8 специализированные профессиональные высшие учебные заведения

9 улучшить успеваемость (оценки)

10 приобрести профессиональные умения и навыки

11 пятибалльная шкала

12 плата за обучение

13. один конкретный курс (предмет)

14. заработать определённое число баллов

15. местные власти

16. выполнять задания

17. получить степень бакалавра (по гуманитарным наукам)

18. в неделю

19. выпускники старших классов школы

20. факультативные предметы (по выбору)

21. заниматься дополнительно по определённым предметам

22. вот почему

23. магистр гуманитарных наук

Задание 27. Напишите по-русски 5-6 предложений со словами и сочетаниями из упр.3. Попросите друг друга перевести их на английский язык.

Задание 28. Ответьте письменно на вопросы.

1. How many Universities are there in the USA?

2. What are the main types of higher educational establishments in the USA?

3.What is the main aim of American community colleges?

4. Who may take courses at technical training institutions?

5. What is a four year college?

6. When do students at American universities get a Bachelor’s degree and when can they get a Master’s degree?

7.How long does an academic year at American higher institutions last?

8. How is the students’ progress controlled?

9. What is a student’s record?

10. Do universities and colleges have one curriculum?

11. What are “majors” and “electives”?

12. What is a credit?

Задание29.Составьте предложения из следующих слов. Следующая схема поможет вам вспомнить структуру английского повествовательного простого предложения. Для того, чтобы составить вопросительные предложения, воспользуйтесь памяткой 1.

Памятка 2

СТРУКТУРА

АНГЛИЙСКОГО ПОВЕСТВОВАТЕЛЬНОГО ПРОСТОГО

РАСПРОСТРАНЁННОГО ПРЕДЛОЖЕНИЯ

5

определения

подлежащее сказуемое дополнения

1 2 3

обстоятельства

4

1. Learn, the, community, the students, skills, different, colleges, technical, at.

2. September, usually, at, begin, studies, American universities, in.

3. Satisfy, colleges, the needs, in, of the local community, different professions.

4. Tuition fees, high, are, community colleges, not, in.

5. Himself, may choose, some subjects, the student.

6. Does, the academic, how long, year, last.

7. Universities, how, there, many, are, the USA, in.

8. American, do, study, not, students, August, in.