- •Федеральное агентство по образованию
- •4602000000-12
- •Contents
- •Часть I
- •Раздел 2
- •Лексические вопросы перевода
- •Тема №1: Особенности научно-технического стиля.
- •Установление значения слова
- •Тема № 2: Интернациональные слова и «ложные друзья» переводчика
- •Тема № 3: Многофункциональные слова
- •Тема № 4: Понятие о неологизмах
- •Тема № 5: Передача имен собственных и названий (транскрипция, транслитерация, перевод)
- •Тема № 6: Перевод словосочетаний
- •(Свободные словосочетания и фразеологизмы)
- •Свободные словосочетания
- •В свободных словосочетаниях слова сохраняют свои значения, поэтому при переводе таких словосочетаний важно знать перевод составляющих их компонентов.
- •Тема № 7: Лексические трансформации при переводе
- •Раздел 3 грамматические вопросы перевода Тема № 8: Перевод страдательного залога
- •Формы глагола в страдательном залоге
- •Способы перевода форм глагола в страдательном залоге
- •Тема № 9: Инфинитив (The Infinitive)
- •Тема № 10: Перевод инфинитивных оборотов
- •Объектный инфинитивный оборот
- •Субъектный инфинитивный оборот
- •Тема № 11: Причастие (The Participle)
- •Функции причастия I и причастия II в предложении и способы их перевода
- •Тема № 12: Герундий (The Gerund)
- •Сложный герундиальный оборот (The Complex Gerundial Construction)
- •Тема № 13: Перевод модальных глаголов
- •1) Упорное нежелание:
- •Тема №14: Сослагательное наклонение
- •Перевод форм сослагательного наклонения Синтетические формы
- •Тема № 15: Перевод эмфатических конструкций
- •Часть II
- •1. B. Make up English-Russian pairs of the word groups equivalent in meaning.
- •2. In the sentences below recognize the words that are semantically similar and give their Russian equivalents.
- •К теме № 2: Интернациональные слова и «ложные друзья» переводчика
- •К теме № 3: Многофункциональные слова
- •3. Identify the function of one and give Russian equivalents of the italicized words:
- •4. Identify the function of this (these) and give Russian equivalents of the italicized words:
- •5. Identify the function of that (those) and give Russian equivalents of the italicized words:
- •К теме № 4: Перевод неологизмов
- •1. Translate the following sentences with new words into Russian, try to identify the type of their formation if necessary consult the Dictionary of New English Words:
- •2. Give Russian equivalents to the following new words:
- •К теме № 5: Передача имен собственных и названий
- •1. Write down in Russian the English names according to transcription and transliteration rules:
- •2. Translate into Russian:
- •К теме № 6: Перевод словосочетаний (Свободные словосочетания и фразеологизмы)
- •1. Translate the following free word groups into Russian:
- •2. Translate the following phraseological units into Russian:
- •3. Give Russian equivalents of the n'. . . N". . . N" groups and the hyphenated word groups:
- •4. Give Russian equivalents of the following word combinations:
- •5. Give Russian equivalents of the V-Adv. Groups:
- •К теме № 7: Лексические трансформации при переводе
- •1. Translate the following sentences applying different lexical transphormations into Russian:
- •Раздел 2 грамматические вопросы перевода к теме № 8: Перевод страдательного залога
- •1. Identify the passive structures and the logical predicates, translate the sentences into Russian as shown in the following example:
- •2. Identify passive structures and give Russian equivalents of the following sentences:
- •4. Translate into English:
- •К теме № 9: Инфинитив
- •1. Translate the sentences with Infinitives into Russian:
- •2. Give Russian equivalents of the sentences:
- •3. Translate the following sentences into English:
- •К теме № 10: Инфинитивные обороты
- •1. Translate the sentences with Infinitive Constructions into Russian:
- •2. Render in English:
- •3. A. Learn to distinguish between indefinite and perfect infinitives. Translate the sentences into Russian:
- •4. Give Russian equivalents of the sentences:
- •5. Translate the following into English:
- •К теме № 11: Причастие
- •1. Read the text and tell which forms of the Participle are used there:
- •2. Analyze the sentences and translate them into Russian:
- •3. Give Russian equivalents of the sentences:
- •4. Translate the sentences with Participles and Absolute Participle Construction into Russian:
- •К теме № 12: Герундий
- •1. Translate the sentences with Gerunds and Gerund Construction into Russian:
- •2. Determine the form of Gerund and translate the sentences into Russian:
- •3. Translate the sentences with Gerund into Russian paying attention to its different forms:
- •4. Give Russian equivalents of the sentences:
- •К теме № 13: Модальные глаголы
- •1. Translate the sentences with Modal Verbs into Russian:
- •2. Read the beginning of the sentences, and translate them into Russian choosing the proper Russian equivalents of the modal verbs from the list below:
- •3. Choose the proper Russian equivalents of modal verbs with negation from the list below:
- •5. Read the text. Substitute the proper English modal verbs for the Russian words in brackets:
- •6. Grammar in proverbs. Translate these sentences into Russian and suggest Russian sayings of similar meaning:
- •К теме № 14: Сослагательное наклонение
- •1. Translate the sentences with Subjunctive Mood into Russian:
- •2. Translate the sentences with if-clauses into Russian:
- •3. Analyze the following sentences and say which meaning they express (possible actions in future, unreal actions at present and in future):
- •4. Give Russian equivalents of the sentences:
- •К теме № 15: Перевод эмфатических конструкций
- •1. Translate the sentences with Emphatic Constructions into Russian:
- •2. Give Russian equivalents of the sentences:
- •3. Remember a few word groups which can be regarded as reduced adverbial clauses:
- •4. Identify the structures and give Russian equivalents of the sentence:
- •Overall Revision
- •1. Grammar in proverbs. Identify the structures according to all the Patterns studied, translate them into Russian and suggest Russian sayings of similar meaning:
- •2. Identify the structures according to all the Patterns studied and give Russian equivalents of the sentences:
- •3. Give Russian equivalents of the following (use explanations as a guide):
- •4. Make up English-Russian pairs of the word groups equivalents in meaning:
- •5. Give Russian equivalents of the n'. . . N". . . N groups and of the hyphenated word groups:
- •6. Give Russian equivalents of the following word groups:
- •7. From the list below choose the English equivalents of the italicized Russian phrases:
- •Часть III дополнительный материал reading practice
- •2) Check up for comprehension:
- •2) Check up for comprehension:
- •Introduction
- •Science and technology
- •Text 5. What science is
- •II. Look through the text concentrating on the beginning and the end of each paragraph, and write an outline, either in Russian or in English (time limit — 10 min.):
- •III. Paragraph Study.
- •Scientific attitude
- •2) Check up for comprehension:
- •2) Check up for comprehension:
- •2) Check up for comprehension:
- •Science in russia
- •Научная конференция
- •Руководитель (конференции, заседания, совещания)
- •Публичное выступление (доклад, лекция, сообщение)
- •Bibliography
- •Фролова Вера Петровна,
К теме № 3: Многофункциональные слова
1. Translate the following sentences with there, it, that, which, what into Russian:
There is a certain rule to be used in this case. There are many options to choose from here. There has been recently developed a new approach to this. There seems to be another solution to the problem. There must be a new instrument to deal with this issue. There a few things I want to clear up.
Take it seriously. It might help. It is not at all easy to put it into practice. It is thought that this approach will be more helpful. In our case it is a usual procedure.
The suggestion was made that all the departments were represented on an equal basis. That the commercial would do no harm was obvious. The idea it is that we might reduce the time for this operation. The paper that was presented by a visiting lecturer from the UK aroused great interest.
The extent to which all the components are involved depends on the situation. Pierre and Marie Curie were mostly engaged in researching radioactive elements, in which field they made most essential discoveries. Factors are investigated which play an important role in the process under study. The way in which this was achieved is not exactly what we have in mind.
What I have tried to do is to give an analysis of the situation. What really matters is the attitude to the problem. What approach is the best should be decided in advance. We didn’t know what the nature of this phenomenon was. What was the formula you used in your calculation? The answer will depend on what you decide. If this is the norm, what about the other cases? What followed was the study of possible solutions.
2. Translate the following sentences with polyfunctional words into Russian:
In the short period since the collapse of the former USSR, there have been formed new relations in the region. The only legal place available for gambling is a casino. As the time passed, we were able to see the changes. It is difficult to believe it, for so many attempts have been made. It was their only chance to be involved in the project. As we are to take four exams in this coming session, I don’t think I’ll be able to join you. Both this countries have like tendencies of development. Macroeconomic stabilization is necessary, since it is the only way to market reforms.
3. Identify the function of one and give Russian equivalents of the italicized words:
1. Reading books enlarges one's horizons. 2. It takes one much time and effort to carry out calculation of this kind. 3. Your definition is somewhat different from the one mentioned above. 4 The choice of the critical concentration is an arbitrary one. 5. One accepts standards which are specifically biological. 6. The technique does not allow one to isolate each individual component. 7. One cannot be surprised if one is not accustomed to the situation which is nullified by the surprise.
4. Identify the function of this (these) and give Russian equivalents of the italicized words:
1. These outstanding discoveries were made by Russian scientists at the beginning of this century. 2. Usually a second alloy layer appears between the outer coating and the base metal, and it is probable that this consists of different compounds. 3. Two basic schemes of replica are possible, these are illustrated in Fig. 1. 4. The definition does not make any mention of the rates of adsorption. These may be quite different for different materials. 5. I do not remember who was the first at this laboratory to use this term.