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Great Britain

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Great Britain

The United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland occupies the British Isles. Its territory is 244,000 sq. kms. The population is over 56 million people. The parts that form Great Britain today are England, Scotland, Wales and Northern Ireland. There are many lakes, rivers, hills and mountains in this country, but the mountains are not very high.

Great Britain is an island country. So, British summers are not as hot as on the continent. In winter they have all sorts of weather: it rains more often than it snows, but the worst thing about the climate in Britain is thick fog. This is because of the sea.

Great Britain is a highly developed industrial state. The main industrial regions are in the North and in the West of England. The oldest centers of heavy industry are Birmingham and Sheffield. Manchester and Liverpool are the textile centers. Glasgow is a very large city in Scotland. It is a big seaport and shipbuilding centre. Great Britain is not very rich in natural resources. So, its economy greatly depends on foreign trade.

London is the capital of Great Britain. It is an ancient town. It was founded at the beginning of our-era in the locality of one of the Roman military settlements. London consists of 3 parts: the East End, the West End and the City. It is an important industrial, commercial and political centre of the United Kingdom. The Queen of the state Elizabeth 2 lives here. Great Britain is a constitutional monarchy. It means that the power of the Queen is limited by the Parliament. The British Parliament consists of 2 houses: the House of Lords and the House of Commons.

There are 2 main political parties in Great Britain. They are the Conservative Party and the Labour Party.

The Prime Minister of the government is elected by the party which has a majority in the House of Commons.