Основы специальной педагогики и психологии / 3 поддержка / Альманах ИКП / Норма и отклонение- Гончарова

GZjmr_gby \ ikbohnbabq_kdhf jZa\blbb ^_l_c ± wlh h[s__ gZbf_gh\Zgb_ jZaghh[jZaguo

ljm^ghkl_c jZa\blby

^_l_c ex[h]h \hajZklZ dhlhjh_

ihkl_i_ggh

\ul_kgy_l

mihlj_[ey\rbcky jZg__

l_jfbg ZghfZebb jZa\blby m ^_l_c´ \ dZq_kl\_

kbghgbfZ \

<lhjbqgu_ hldehg_gby ih k\h_c ijbjh^_ dZq_kl\_ggh hlebqZxlky hl i_j\bqguo ohly b

ijhba\h^gu hl gbo Bo k\yav g_ bf__l h^ghagZqghc hj]Zgbq_kdhc ijbjh^u

b g_ klhev

[_amkeh\gZ dZd wlh ij_^klZ\eyehkv jZgvr_ bkke_^h\Zl_eyf ^_lkdhc ^_n_dlb\ghklb LZd

g_fhlZ ±

wlh

\hafh`gh_ gh

g_h[yaZl_evgh_ ke_^kl\b_

]emohlu Z

³fhjZevgZy

^_n_dlb\ghklv´ ± \hafh`gh_ gh g_h[yaZl_evgh_ ke_^kl\b_ mfkl\_gghc hlklZehklb

<lhjbqgu_ gZjmr_gby \hagbdZxl lhevdh lh]^Z dh]^Z i_j\bqgu_

ijb\h^yl d ³\uiZ^_gbyf´

j_[_gdZ ba h[yaZl_evghc ^ey ex[h]h h[s_kl\Z kbkl_fu

ljZgkeypbb h[s_kl\_ggh

bklhjbq_kdh]h hiulZ GZau\Zy lZdb_ \uiZ^_gby

³khpbZevgufb \u\boZfb´ E K <u]hlkdbc

ih^q_jdb\Ze qlh bo fh`gh ij_^hl\jZlblv _keb

gZclb ³h[oh^gu_ imlb´ h[_ki_qb\Zxsb_

^hklmi ZghfZevgh]h

j_[_gdZ d dmevlmj_ dZd

bklhqgbdm b

kj_^kl\m jZa\blby \ukrbo

ikbobq_kdbo nmgdpbc b ki_pbnbq_kdb q_eh\_q_kdbo kihkh[ghkl_c < wlbo kemqZyo \lhjbqgu_

gZjmr_gby g_ klZgh\ylky g_ba[_`guf ke_^kl\b_f i_j\bqguo

< l_o kemqZyo

dh]^Z

kbkl_fZ

h[jZah\Zgby

hjb_glbjh\ZggZy ih ij_bfms_kl\m gZ

ghjfZevguc lbi jZa\blby g_ jZkiheZ]Z_l lZdbfb ³h[oh^gufb imlyfb´ hj]Zgbq_kdb_

gZjmr_gby ijb\h^yl d nhjfbjh\Zgbx keh`ghc dZjlbgu hldehgyxs_]hky hl ghjfu jZa\blby

H^gh hj]Zgbq_kdh_

gZjmr_gb_

fh`_l \ua\Zlv dhfie_dk

³khpbZevguo \u\boh\´ b

khhl\_lkl\_ggh

±

dhfie_dk \lhjbqguo gZjmr_gbc

G_kdhjjb]bjh\Zggu_

\lhjbqgu_

gZjmr_gby

ijb\h^yl d

³khpbZevguf \u\boZf´ ke_^mxs_]h ihjy^dZ \ j_amevlZl_ dhlhjuo

\hagbdZxl lj_lbqgu_ b ^j gZjmr_gby \ jZa\blbb GZijbf_j gZjmr_gb_ kemoZ ihjh`^Z_l

ijh[e_fu jZa\blby khhl\_lkl\mxsbo \hajZklm nhjf h[s_gby g_kdhjjb]bjh\Zgghklv wlbo

ijh[e_f \uau\Z_l g_^hjZa\blb_ keh\_kghc j_qb qlh \

k\hx

hq_j_^v \e_q_l aZ kh[hc

gZjmr_gb_ \k_o ebgbc dmevlmjgh]h jZa\blby j_[_gdZ \k_o \ukrbo ikbobq_kdbo nmgdpbc

Ihkdhevdm \lhjbqgu_ lj_lbqgu_ b l i gZjmr_gby

g_

bf_xl ijyfhc hj]Zgbq_kdhc

ijbjh^u hgb g_ lj_[mxl dhjj_dpbb kj_^kl\Zfb f_^bpbgu dZd gZijbf_j g_ gm`^Z_lky \

f_^bdZf_glhaghf e_q_gbb

g_fhlZ m ]emoh]h hl jh`^_gby b ki_pbZevgh g_ h[mq_ggh]h

q_eh\_dZ Ij_^mij_`^_gb_

b dhjj_dpby

lZdbo khpbZevguo ih k\h_c ijbjh^_ gZjmr_gbc

gZoh^ylky

\ ihe_ dhfi_l_gpbb ki_pbZevguo ikboheh]h\ b

i_^Z]h]h\ b hkms_kl\ey_lky

kj_^kl\Zfb h[jZah\Zgby bkihevamxs_]h³h[oh^gu_ imlb´^ey j_r_gby l_o aZ^Zq dmevlmjgh]h

jZa\blby dhlhju_ \ mkeh\byo ghjfu ^hklb]Zxlky ljZ^bpbhggufb kihkh[Zfb

< hl_q_kl\_gghc

^_n_dlheh]bb

jZajZ[hlZgu

ki_pbZevgu_ ih^oh^u b gZdhie_g hiul

mki_rghc ijZdlbq_kdhc dhjj_dpbb b ij_^mij_`^_gby \hagbdgh\_gby \lhjbqguo gZjmr_gbc \

ikbobq_kdhf jZa\blbb

m

^_l_c LZd \

mkeh\byo ki_pbZevgh]h hj]Zgbah\Zggh]h jZgg_]h

h[mq_gby

m ]emoh]h j_[_gdZ ^Z`_ \ kemqZ_ \jh`^_gghc g_cjhk_gkhjghc ]emohlu fh`_l

^_lb fh]ml h[mqblvky qblZlv b ibkZlv k\h[h^gh [_a ihklhjhgg_c ihfhsb hjb_glbjh\Zlvky \

ijhkljZgkl\_ b l i

>ey hibkZgby ijhbkoh`^_gby khq_lZgby b

\aZbfhk\yab \aZbfhh[mkeh\e_gghklb

jZaebqguo gZjmr_gbc \ jZa\blbb dZ`^h]h dhgdj_lgh]h j_[_gdZ E K <u]hlkdbc ij_^eh`be

bkihevah\Zlv

l_jfbgu ³kljmdlmjZ ^_n_dlZ´ beb ³kljmdlmjZ gZjmr_gbc´ Hij_^_e_gb_

kljmdlmju gZjmr_gbc ±

h^gZ ba \Z`g_crbo

aZ^Zq dhfie_dkghc f_^bdh ikboheh]h

i_^Z]h]bq_kdhc ^bZ]ghklbdb Hl lhqghklb __ j_r_gby aZ\bkbl wnn_dlb\ghklv dhfie_dkghc

ihfhsb j_[_gdm

>ey hij_^_e_gby kljZl_]by b lZdlbdb lZdhc ihfhsb ijbgpbibZevgh \Z`gh jZaebqZlv

khq_lZgby h^gh]h i_j\bqgh]h b dhfie_dkZ \lhjbqguo b lj_lbqguo gZjmr_gbc hl \hafh`guo

jZaghh[jZaguo khq_lZgbc fgh`_kl\_gguo ^\mo b [he__ jZaebqguo i_j\bqguo gZjmr_gbc \

jZa\blbb < wlbo kemqZyo ]h\hjyl h keh`guo dhfie_dkguo beb khq_lZgguo gZjmr_gbyo

gZijbf_j gZjmr_gb_ kemoZ b aj_gby kemoZ b bgl_ee_dlZ kemoZ b hihjgh ^\b]Zl_evgh]h

ZiiZjZlZ l ^

>bnn_j_gpbZpby i_j\bqguo b \lhjbqguo gZjmr_gbc \

jZa\blbb j_[_gdZ eh]bdZ bo

keh`ghc \aZbfhk\yab ^hklZlhqgh ykgh ij_^klZ\e_gZ b hkfuke_gZ \ jZaebqguo hljZkeyo

kh\j_f_gghc ^_n_dlheh]bb

gh _s_ g_ ^hklZlhqgh hljZ`_gZ \ __ l_jfbgheh]bq_kdhf

ZiiZjZl_

GZ kh\j_f_gghf

wlZi_ l_jfbg ³gZjmr_gby \

ikbohnbabq_kdhf jZa\blbb´

bkihevam_lky ^ey oZjZdl_jbklbdb dZd i_j\bqguo lZd b \lhjbqguo gZjmr_gbc \ ikbobq_kdhf

jZa\blbb j_[_gdZ LZd ijbf_gyy ih hlghr_gbx d keZ[h\b^ys_fm j_[_gdm l_jfbg³j_[_ghd k

gZjmr_gb_f aj_gby´ ki_pbZebklu fh]ml bf_lv \ \b^m dZd gZjmr_gb_ nmgdpbhgbjh\Zgby

h^gh]h ba

hl^_eh\ ajbl_evgh]h ZgZebaZlhjZ k_lqZldb ]eZaZ ajbl_evgh]h g_j\Z b l ^

gZjmr_gb_ ajbl_evgh]h \hkijbylby dZd \ukr_c ikbobq_kdhc nmgdpbb lZd b hij_^_e_gguc

dhfie_dk

hkh[_gghkl_c ikbobq_kdh]h jZa\blby j_[_gdZ k gZjmr_gb_f aj_gby oZjZdl_jguo

^ey hij_^_e_gghc kbkl_fu _]h \hkiblZgby b h[mq_gby