Добавил:
Sekretar
kiopkiopkiop18@yandex.ru
t.me/Prokururor I Вовсе не секретарь, но почту проверяю
Опубликованный материал нарушает ваши авторские права? Сообщите нам.
Вуз:
Предмет:
Файл:Ординатура / Хирургия / Библиотека им академика М.И. Перельмана / Книга_3970_Библиотеки_им_академика_М_И_Перельмана.pdf
Cardiovascular Problems
in Emergency Medicine
A discussion-based review
TOPICS IN EMERGENCY MEDICINE
Editor-in-Chief · Shamai A. Grossman
Senior Editor · Peter Rosen
Cardiovascular Problems in Emergency Medicine
Current Topics
in Emergency Medicine
Series editor-in-chief, Peter Rosen
Associate series editor-in-chief, Shamai A. Grossman
Cardiovascular Problems
in Emergency Medicine
A discussion-based review
Editor-in-chief
Shamai A. Grossman, MD, MS, FACEP
Director, Cardiac Emergency Center and Clinical Decision Unit
Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center
Assistant Professor of Medicine
Harvard Medical School
Boston, Massachusetts, USA
Senior editor
Peter Rosen, MD, FACS, FACEP
Director of Education
Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center
Senior Lecturer in Medicine
Harvard Medical School
Boston, Massachusetts, USA
This edition fi rst published 2011, © 2011 by John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Wiley-Blackwell is an imprint of John Wiley & Sons, formed by the merger of Wiley’s global Scientifi c,
Technical and Medical business with Blackwell Publishing.
Registered offi ce: John Wiley & Sons, Ltd, The Atrium, Southern Gate, Chichester, West Sussex,
PO19 8SQ, UK
Editorial offi ces: 9600 Garsington Road, Oxford, OX4 2DQ, UK
The Atrium, Southern Gate, Chichester, West Sussex, PO19 8SQ, UK
111 River Street, Hoboken, NJ 07030-5774, USA
For details of our global editorial offi ces, for customer services and for information about how
to apply for permission to reuse the copyright material in this book please see our website at
www.wiley.com/wiley-blackwell
The right of the author to be identifi ed as the author of this work has been asserted in accordance with the UK
Copyright, Designs and Patents Act 1988.
All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted,
in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording or otherwise, except as
permitted by the UK Copyright, Designs and Patents Act 1988, without the prior permission of the publisher.
Designations used by companies to distinguish their products are often claimed as trademarks. All brand
names and product names used in this book are trade names, service marks, trademarks or registered
trademarks of their respective owners. The publisher is not associated with any product or vendor mentioned
in this book. This publication is designed to provide accurate and authoritative information in regard to
the subject matter covered. It is sold on the understanding that the publisher is not engaged in rendering
professional services. If professional advice or other expert assistance is required, the services of a competent
professional should be sought.
The contents of this work are intended to further general scientifi c research, understanding, and discussion
only and are not intended and should not be relied upon as recommending or promoting a specifi c method,
diagnosis, or treatment by physicians for any particular patient. The publisher and the author make no
representations or warranties with respect to the accuracy or completeness of the contents of this work
and specifi cally disclaim all warranties, including without limitation any implied warranties of fi tness for
a particular purpose. In view of ongoing research, equipment modifi cations, changes in governmental
regulations, and the constant fl ow of information relating to the use of medicines, equipment, and devices,
the reader is urged to review and evaluate the information provided in the package insert or instructions for
each medicine, equipment, or device for, among other things, any changes in the instructions or indication of
usage and for added warnings and precautions. Readers should consult with a specialist where appropriate.
The fact that an organization or Website is referred to in this work as a citation and/or a potential source of
further information does not mean that the author or the publisher endorses the information the organization
or Website may provide or recommendations it may make. Further, readers should be aware that Internet
Websites listed in this work may have changed or disappeared between when this work was written and when
it is read. No warranty may be created or extended by any promotional statements for this work. Neither the
publisher nor the author shall be liable for any damages arising herefrom.
Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data
Cardiovascular problems in emergency medicine : a discussion-based review /edited by Shamai Grossman ;
associate editor-in-chief, Peter Rosen.
p. ; cm. – (Current topics in emergency medicine)
Includes bibliographical references and index.
ISBN-13: 978-0-470-67067-5 (pbk. : alk. paper)
ISBN-10: 978-0-470-67067-3 (pbk. : alk. paper)
ISBN-13: 978-1-119-95977-9 (ePDF)
ISBN-13: 978-1-119-95980-9 (Wiley Online Library)
[etc.]
1. Cardiovascular emergencies--Case studies. 2. Evidence-based
medicine–Case studies. I. Grossman, Shamai A. II. Rosen, Peter III.
Series: Current topics in emergency medicine.
[DNLM: 1. Cardiovascular Diseases–Case Reports. 2. Emergency
Treatment–Case Reports. 3. Critical Care–Case Reports. 4. Emergency
Medical Services–methods–Case Reports. 5. Evidence-Based Medicine–Case
Reports. WG 205]
RC675.C39 2011
616.1’025--dc23
2011024785
A catalogue record for this book is available from the British Library.
This book is published in the following electronic formats: ePDF 9781119959779; Wiley Online Library
9781119959809; ePub 9781119959786; Mobi 9781119959793
Set in 9/11.5pt Sabon by Thomson Digital, Noida, India
1 2011
Contents
List of Contributors, vii
Acknowledgements, xi
Preface, xiii
Section One: Cardiac Ischemia
Chest Pain, 31
Michael Bohrn, Amal Mattu and Brian Browne
Non-ST-Segment Elevations Myocardial Infarction, 182
David Plitt and William J. Brady
ST-Segment Elevation Myocardial Infarction, 38 3
David F. M. Brown
Unusual Causes of Myocardial Ischemia, 544
Robin Naples and Richard Harrigan
Section Two: Cardiac Dysrhythmias
B5 radyarrhythmias, 71
Colleen Birmingham and Edward Ullman
Atrial Fibrillation, 866
Kristen Cochran and Shamai Grossman
Supraventricular Tachycardia, 977
Theodore Chan
The Differential Diagnosis of Wide Complex Tachycardia—ED Diagnostic 8
and Management Considerations, 108
Nathan Charlton and William J. Brady
Cardiac Arrest, 1239
Benjamin J. Lawner and Amal Mattu
Strategies in Out-of-Hospital Cardiac Arrest: Automatic External Defi brillator 10
and Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation, 138
Catherine Cleaveland and William J. Brady
Pacemakers and AICDS in Emergency Medicine, 14711
Theodore Chan
Section Three: Non Ischemic Cardiac Disease
Acute Heart Failure, 16312
Kevin Reed and Amal Mattu
v
CONTENTS
vi
Syncope, 18513
Shamai Grossman
Valvular Heart Disease, 19714
Jeffrey Soderman and Edward Ullman
Myocarditis, 20915
Jehangir Meer and Amal Mattu
Pericarditis, 22616
Theodore Chan
Cardiac Toxins and Drug-Induced Heart Disease, 23717
Jeffrey Green and Richard Harrigan
Cardiomyopathy, 25818
Alden Landry and Shamai Grossman
Section Four: Vascular Emergencies
Aortic Dissection, 26919
Keith A. Marill and David F. M. Brown
Abdominal Aortic Aneurysms, 28320
David A. Peak and David F. M. Brown
Hypertensive Emergencies, 29721
Russell Berger and Edward Ullman
Section Five: Cardiac Testing
The Electrocardiogram in Acute Coronary Syndromes, 30922
Laura Oh and William J. Brady
Cardiac Markers, 32623
J. Stephen Bohan
Stress Testing, 33724
Jefferson Williams and Shamai Grossman
Coronary Computed Tomography, 34925
J. Tobias Nagurney and David F. M. Brown
Section Six: Cardiac Surgery Complications
Postcardiac Surgery Emergencies, 36326
Jonathan Anderson and Shamai Grossman
Pediatric Cardiac Emergencies, 37227
Shannon Straszewski and Carrie Tibbles
Index, 383
vii
Editor-in-chief
Shamai A. Grossman,
M.D., M.S. FACEP
Director, Cardiac Emergency Center and Clinical
Decision Unit
Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center
Assistant Professor of Medicine
Harvard Medical School
Boston, Massachusetts, USA
Senior editor
Peter Rosen,
M.D., FACS, FACEP
Director of Education
Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center
Senior Lecturer in Medicine
Harvard Medical School
Boston, Massachusetts, USA
Editors
William J Brady,
MD
Vice Chair
Department of Emergency Medicine
Professor of Emergency Medicine and Medicine
University of Virginia Health System
Charlottesville, VA, USA
David F M Brown, MD
Vice Chair
Department of Emergency Medicine
Massachusetts General Hospital
Associate Professor
Harvard Medical School
Boston, Massachusetts, USA
Theodore C. Chan, MD
Medical Director
Department of Emergency Medicine
University of California, San Diego Medical Center
Professor of Clinical Medicine
University of California, San Diego
San Diego, California, USA
Richard Harrigan, M.D.
Professor of Emergency Medicine
Temple University School of Medicine
Philadelphia, PA, USA
Amal Mattu, MD, FAAEM, FACEP
Professor and Residency Director
Department of Emergency Medicine
University of Maryland School
of Medicine
Baltimore, Maryland, USA
Edward Ullman, MD
Assistant Professor of Medicine
Harvard Medical School
Director of Medical Student Education
Division of Emergency Medicine
Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center
Boston, Massachusetts, USA
Contributing authors
Jonathan Anderson,
MD
Instructor of Medicine
Harvard Medical School
Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center
Boston, Massachusetts, USA
Russell Berger, MD
Children’s Hospital Boston
Junior Toxicology Fellow
Harvard Medical Toxicology Fellowship
Children’s Hospital Boston,
Massachusetts, USA
J. Stephen Bohan, MD, MS
Executive Vice Chair
Department of Emergency Medicine
Brigham and Women’s Hospital
Assistant Professor of Medicine
Harvard Medical School
Boston, Massachusetts, USA
List of Contributors
LIST OF CONTRIBUTORS
viii
Alden Landry, MD
Instructor in Medicine
Harvard Medical School
Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center
Fellow
Commonwealth Fund/ Harvard University
Minority Health Policy Fellowship
Boston, Massachusetts, USA
Benjamin J. Lawner, DO, EMT-P
Clinical Assistant Professor
Department of Emergency Medicine
University of Maryland School of Medicine
Deputy EMS Medical Director
Baltimore City Fire Department
Baltimore, Maryland, USA
Keith A. Marill, MD
Assistant Professor, Division of
Emergency Medicine,
Harvard Medical School
Attending Physician, Department of
Emergency Medicine,
Massachusetts General Hospital.
Boston Massachusetts, USA
Jehangir Meer, MD, FACEP, FRCPC, RDMS
Director of Emergency Ultrasound
St Agnes Hospital Center
Baltimore, Maryland
Laura Oh, MD
Department of Emergency Medicine
University of Virginia
School of Medicine
Charlottesville, VA, USA
John T Nagurney, MD MPH
Assistant Professor of Surgery, Division of
Emergency Medicine,
Harvard Medical School
Attending Physician and
Director of Research,
Department of Emergency Medicine,
Massachusetts General Hospital
Boston, Massachusetts, USA
Michael A. Bohrn, MD, FAAEM, FACEP
Clinical Associate Professor of
Emergency Medicine
Penn State University College of Medicine
Hershey, PA, USA
Kenneth J. Bramwell, MD
Academic: Director
Pediatric Emergency Medicine
Emergency Medicine of Idaho
St. Luke’s Regional Medical Center
Boise, Idaho, USA
Brian J. Browne, MD, FAAEM, FACEP
Professor and Chairman
Department of Emergency Medicine
University of Maryland School of Medicine
Baltimore, Maryland, USA
Nathan Charlton, MD
Assistant Professor of Emergency Medicine
Department of Emergency Medicine
Consultant in Toxicology
Division of Medical Toxicology, Department of
Emergency Medicine
Medical Director, Blueridge Poison Center
University of Virginia Health System
Charlottesville, VA, USA
Catherine Cleaveland, M.D.
Fellow, Division of EMS
Attending Physician, Department of
Emergency Medicine
University of Virginia Health System
Charlottesville, VA, USA
Kristen Cochran, MD
Instructor in Medicine
Harvard Medical School
Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center
Boston, Massachusetts, USA
Jeffrey Green, M.D.
Associate Professor of Emergency Medicine
U.C. Davis School of Medicine
Sacramento, CA, USA