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Файл:Ординатура / Хирургия / Библиотека им академика М.И. Перельмана / Книга_1611_Библиотеки_им_академика_М_И_Перельмана.pdf
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- •Foreword to the Series
- •Foreword
- •Preface
- •Contents
- •1: Open Abdomen: Historical Notes
- •1.2.4 Dynamic Retention Sutures (DRS)
- •1.2.5 Negative Pressure Therapy Techniques: Vacuum Pack
- •1.2 Temporary Abdominal Closure (TAC) Techniques
- •1.2.1 The Bogota (Borraez) Bag
- •1.2.2 Fascial Prosthetic Mesh
- •1.2.3 Artificial Bur Device or Wittmann Patch®
- •1.9 Summary
- •References
- •2: Basic Research in Open Abdomen
- •2.1 Background
- •2.2 Immunological Modification
- •2.2.1 MODS Pathogenesis
- •2.2.2 Preclinical Studies
- •2.3.1 Pressure Distribution
- •2.3.2 NPT Effects on Intestinal Wall
- •References
- •3.1 Introduction
- •3.2 Historical Background
- •3.3 Definitions
- •3.3.1 The Abdominal Compartment
- •3.3.2 The Abdominal Wall
- •3.3.3 Intra-abdominal Pressure
- •3.3.4 Intra-abdominal Volume (IAV)
- •3.3.6 Classification
- •3.5 Epidemiology
- •3.6 Abdominal Pressure Measurement
- •References
- •4.1 Introduction
- •4.2 The Changing Playing Field
- •4.3 The OA for Trauma Versus the OA for Sepsis
- •4.4.1 The Lethal Triad
- •4.4.2 Abdominal Visceral Edema, IAH/ACS, SIRS, and MODS
- •4.5 Proposed Pathophysiologic Benefits of the OA
- •4.6.2 Enteroatmospheric Fistulae and Enteric Leaks
- •4.6.3 Energy Expenditure
- •References
- •5.1 Introduction
- •5.1.1 Open Abdomen for Intraperitoneal Sepsis\Peritonitis
- •5.1.2 Abdominal Compartment Syndrome
- •5.2 Definitions
- •5.2.1 Intra-abdominal Pressure
- •5.2.2 Intra-abdominal Hypertension
- •5.2.3 Abdominal Perfusion Pressure
- •5.2.4 Abdominal Compartment Syndrome
- •5.2.5 Etiology of ACS
- •5.2.6 Incidence and Prevalence
- •5.2.7 Management and Treatment
- •5.3 Summary
- •5.3.1 Acute Severe Pancreatitis
- •5.3.3 Indications for Surgical Intervention
- •5.3.4 Summary
- •5.3.5 Acute Mesenteric Ischemia
- •5.4 Summary
- •5.4.1 Open Abdomen for Ruptured Abdominal Aortic Aneurysm
- •5.5 Summary
- •References
- •6: The Open Abdomen in Trauma
- •6.1 Indications for Open Abdomen in Trauma
- •6.2 Preparation for the Open Abdomen in Trauma
- •6.3 Management of the Open Abdomen in Trauma
- •6.4 Closure of the Open Abdomen in Trauma
- •References
- •7.1 Introduction
- •7.2 Relaparotomy
- •7.3 Prevention of Abdominal Compartment Syndrome
- •7.5 Fascial Closure
- •References
- •8: Open Abdomen in Acute Pancreatitis
- •8.1 Introduction
- •8.2 Abdominal Compartment Syndrome
- •8.3 Infected Pancreatic Necrosis
- •8.4 Open Abdomen
- •8.5 Surgical Decompression
- •8.6 Necrosectomy
- •References
- •9.1 Introduction
- •9.2 Open Abdomen Following Repair of Ruptured AAA
- •9.2.2 When Deciding to Leave the Abdomen Open
- •9.2.3 Prolonged Open Abdomen Therapy May Be Necessary
- •9.2.4 Temporary Abdominal Closure in AAA Repair
- •9.3.1 Treatment of Acute Superior Mesenteric Artery Occlusion
- •9.3.3 Delayed Bowel Anastomosis or Stoma
- •References
- •10.1 Background
- •10.2 Not Vacuum-Assisted Techniques
- •10.2.2 Bogota Bag
- •10.2.4 Zipper
- •10.2.5 Wittmann Patch
- •10.3 Vacuum-Assisted Noncommercial Systems
- •10.3.1 Barker Vacuum Pack
- •10.4 Vacuum-Assisted Commercial Systems
- •10.5 Open Abdomen Classification
- •References
- •11.1 Introduction
- •11.2 Pathophysiology of Hemorrhagic Shock in Trauma
- •11.3 Direct Peritoneal Resuscitation
- •11.3.1 Animal Studies
- •11.3.2 Human Studies
- •References
- •12.1 Introduction
- •12.2.1 Policompartment Syndrome
- •12.6.1 Abdominal Wall Defects
- •12.6.2 Congenital Diaphragmatic Hernia (CDH)
- •12.6.3 Solid Organ Transplantation
- •12.6.4 Necrotizing Enterocolitis
- •References
- •13.1 Introduction
- •13.2 Pathophysiology
- •13.3 Intensive Care Unit Management
- •13.3.1 Sedation and Analgesia
- •13.3.3 Patient Positioning/Avoidance of Constrictive Dressings
- •13.3.4 Goal-Directed Fluid Resuscitation
- •13.3.6 Neuromuscular Blockade (NMB)
- •13.3.7 Mechanical Ventilation
- •13.3.8 Nutritional Support
- •13.3.9 Vasoactive Medications
- •13.3.10 Percutaneous Decompression
- •13.3.11 Abdominal Decompression
- •13.4 Strategy Overview
- •References
- •14.1 Historical Development and Background
- •14.2 Definition and Differentiation
- •14.3 Pathophysiology: Pathomechanisms
- •14.4 Organ-Specific Risk Constellations and Their Protection
- •14.4.1 IAP Monitoring
- •14.4.2 Cardiocirculation
- •14.4.3 Kidney Function and Fluid Balancing
- •14.4.4 Respiration
- •14.4.5 Supportive Therapy
- •References
- •15.2 Diagnosis of Nutritional Risk in Critically Ill Patients
- •15.3 Nutritional Therapy
- •15.3.1 Dosage, Timing, and Route of Nutrients
- •15.5 Enteral Access Considerations
- •15.7 Choosing an Enteral Formula
- •15.8 Complications
- •References
- •16.1 Introduction
- •16.2 Patient and Family Preparation
- •16.3 Postoperative Management in the ICU
- •16.4 Summary
- •References
- •17.1 Introduction
- •17.3 Open Abdomen Complications
- •17.3.2 Malnutrition and Starvation
- •17.3.3 Bleeding
- •17.3.4 Enteroatmospheric Fistula
- •17.3.5 Frozen Abdomen
- •17.3.6 Huge Ventral Hernia
- •References
- •18: Mistakes in the Open Abdomen
- •18.1 Introduction
- •18.2 Mistake 1: Telephone Medicine Does Not Work
- •18.3 Mistake 2: Failure to Institute a Crystalloid Cap
- •18.4 Mistake 3: Delay to Investigation and Definitive Care
- •18.4.1 Perioperative
- •18.6 Mistake 5: Errors in Measuring IAP
- •18.7.1 When to Decompress and Leave Abdomen Open
- •References
- •19.1 Introduction
- •19.2 Techniques for Abdominal Wall Domain Advancement
- •19.2.1 Rives–Stoppa Technique
- •19.2.4 Hernia Recurrence and Other Complications
- •19.3 When Advancement is Not Sufficient: Other Options
- •19.3.1 Bridging
- •19.3.2 Pneumoperitoneum
- •19.3.3 Botulin Toxin Injections
- •References
- •20.1 Introduction
- •20.2 The Rationale
- •20.3 Prosthesis Choice and Position
- •20.4 Results
- •References
- •21.1 Introduction
- •21.3 Measurement
- •21.4 Risk Factors
- •21.5 Treatment
- •21.6 Phase 1
- •21.6.1 Mobilization
- •21.7 Phase 2
- •21.8 Orthosis
- •References
- •22.1 Introduction
- •22.2 Benefits of the Open Abdomen
- •22.2.1 Trauma
- •22.2.2 Intra-abdominal Sepsis
- •22.2.3 Intra-abdominal Hemorrhage
- •22.3 Complications of the Open Abdomen
- •22.3.1 Fluid and Protein Loss
- •22.3.2 Loss of Domain/Failure of Primary Closure
- •22.3.3 Fistula Formation
- •22.4 Surgical Judgment
- •22.5 Future Directions
- •References

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22 Results of Treatment with an Open Abdomen and Future Directions
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