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184
Metals in Medicine, Volume 2

         

         



   
-
-




28
TABLE 6.2 Drug Release Kinetic Models.
Kinetic model Equation Rate constant Reference
Zero-Order
0t
M M kt
∞
−=
K
0
 (Gouda et al., 2017)
First-Order
1
1
t
M
kt
M
∞
= −
K
1
: First-order 
Higuchi
0.5
t
H
K
t
M
∞
=
K
H
: Higuchi (Gouda et al., 2017)
Bhaskar
0.65
1
t
B
K
M
t
M
∞
= −
K
B
: Bhaskar 

0.65
1
t
B
K
M
t
M
∞
= −
K
HC
 
Korsmeyer-Peppas
n
t
kp
K
M
t
M
∞
=
K
KP
: Korsmeyer-Peppas (Gouda et al., 2017)


M
t

Gnanasekar et al.
31
     

     
(ChR) nanostructures, ChR@Ag NPs-rGO-based, and ChR@Au NPs-rGO

https://t.me/med1917
Silver/Gold Nanoparticle for Photothermal Therapy of Cancer
185

   
(Ag
and Au


-
posite under various physiological conditions are enhanced by the presence
    
       
      -
   


 
     

31
Hembram
et al.
32

   


  
50
activity values




       
     

       
          

      


         
Ag NPs.
32
Balamurugan and Govindasamy
33

using Pandanus canaranus        
         
      
-
     
https://t.me/med1917
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Metals in Medicine, Volume 2
   
Artemia salina nauplii
   



50

  
       
membranes, and damage to the nuclei. In summary, P. canaranus is a good
candidate to be used as a nano-based anticancer medicine to counteract the

33
Using Ulva lactuca (UL) extract,
 
34
    


     -


    
      

        




UL-Au and UL-Ag nanoparticles exhibited very good biocompatibility in


34

35

Commiphora wightii (CW)-based Au NPs and their anticancer activity on

        
      
NPs had a strong anticancer activity against MCF-7 breast cancer cell lines.






35
https://t.me/med1917
Silver/Gold Nanoparticle for Photothermal Therapy of Cancer
187
6.6 Ag AND Au NPs FOR OPTICAL IMAGING SYSTEMS

       
        
technique, and it is connected to these plasmonic characteristics (SERS).
      

delivery, etc.
36



    

-

provides imaging properties.
37
In recent years, imaging techniques in biotechnology, medicine, and
     





  

-


  
          


steps, makes less noise, and can be tested directly. Additionally, it permits

 

38,39
        

    
40
    
https://t.me/med1917
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Metals in Medicine, Volume 2


        
 
41,42


-

      




since there is no probe involved.
43
With ultrasonic signals dispersing much
less than light, photoacoustic imaging is a technique that combines ultra-


         
biological imaging systems.
44

resonance, Kim et al.
45
developed plasmonic Au NPs as contrast agents
           

including optical coherence tomography to detect early-stage cancers. In
  


       -
   
(hamster control pouch) model containing early-stage squamous carcinoma



45

al.
46





2




https://t.me/med1917
Silver/Gold Nanoparticle for Photothermal Therapy of Cancer
189
    
-

46
In 2019, Hada et al.
47


         
        

        

         -
     
level and bioimaging using Raman microscopy.
47
In order to observe the

alpha) in ER-positive MCF-7 cells, Kapara et al.
48
developed a basic and

     
           

3D SERS cell mapping, indicates that ER-Au NPs enter MCF-7 cell lines

48
Chu et al.
49
used
      




         
      


that it had a biocompatible natural content.
49

42

and iron oxide (Fe
2
O
3

          

plasmonic-magnetic hybrid nanoparticles ((doxorubicin (Dox), Au NPs,
and Fe
2
O
3
nanocluster). It has been demonstrated that photoacoustic and

techniques.
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https://t.me/med1917
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Metals in Medicine, Volume 2
6.7 POLYMER/Ag NPs AND Au NPs FOR CANCER TREATMENT
-

        
    
an average 10 million human deaths in 2020. In addition, the World Health

 
methods such as hormone therapy, smart drug therapy, photothermal therapy,

traditional therapy options by simultaneously diagnosing and treating cancer
cells using a smart nanostructure-based drug delivery approach.
50
Au NPs

 
study, Daei et al.
51

Au NPs nanoparticles on human bladder tumor 5637 cell lines and investigated
        
 



  
   


-

     Experimental


51
       


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evaluated cisplatin
       




    
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Silver/Gold Nanoparticle for Photothermal Therapy of Cancer
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increase in urea and creatinine, an enormous decrease in erythrocyte and
 


Bax and caspase-3 mRNA expressions, and obvious structural changes. It

        
      
          
        
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used a nanocomposite

    
molecularly imprinted polymer (MIP) via a glassy carbon electrode (GCE).
Although IMQ is an anticancer drug, it damages the skin at high concentra-
       

           
      


FIGURE 6.2 Cancer treatment.
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Metals in Medicine, Volume 2
      
compound.
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6.8 APPLICATION OF NANOPARTICLES IN PHOTOTHERMAL
THERAPY
     
    

methods such as chemotherapy and surgery in cancer treatment. Among

   
        




nanomaterials have been and are still being investigated as agents to improve

54
  

FIGURE 6.3 



   
https://t.me/med1917
Silver/Gold Nanoparticle for Photothermal Therapy of Cancer
193
      
-
   
cancer have been studied. He et al.
55

(gold-polyvinylpyrrolidone@(Iron) Lavoisier Institute Materials-100) nano-
        

  -
      
are potential materials in cancer treatments.
55
Au nanostructures can also be

56

       
Ziziphus ziziphus plant.
      


      
As the concentration
increased, so did the temperature. 



56

57

-



       

      



examined against E. Coli and S. aureus
      
 S. aureusthe thermal temperature increased
to 50°C 

improved collagen deposition and angiogenesis, increased tissue repair, and
https://t.me/med1917