Добавил:
Sekretar
kiopkiopkiop18@yandex.ru
t.me/Prokururor I Вовсе не секретарь, но почту проверяю
Опубликованный материал нарушает ваши авторские права? Сообщите нам.
Вуз:
Предмет:
Файл:Ординатура / Хирургия / Библиотека им академика М.И. Перельмана / Книга_5936_Библиотеки_им_академика_М_И_Перельмана
.pdf
Figure 7.2: Function of MWNTs in molecularly embossed biomimetic sensors. (a) The groundwork method of AuNPs/MWNTs/GCE@MIP membrane.
https://t.me/medicina_free
(b) Scheme of the construction procedure of a MWCNTs@MIP-CAP-based sensor.
148 Muhammad Alamgeer
Chapter 7 Carbon dots in food safety detection 149
https://t.me/medicina_free
(a)
(b)
Figure 7.3: CNT use in MIP-based sensors is revealed in Figure 3. (a) Making a sunset yellow
MWCNT@MIP-PDA sensor (Fu, Wu et al. 2012, Yin, Cheng et al. 2018). (b) Diagram showing the Hg(II)imprinted PMBT, AuNPs, SWCNTs, and GCE (Fu, Wu et al. 2012). (c) Making a gold electrode with a CS-SNP/
graphene-MWCNTs composite coating (Lian, Liu et al. 2013).
150 Muhammad Alamgeer
https://t.me/medicina_free
(c)
Figure 7.3 (continued)
bioconjugates. Gold. The anti-aureus antibody smoothly attached to SWNT and migrated
to the active electrode region without detecting the analyte, causing the maximum cur-
2
rent value to alter. This remarkable sensor revealed a narrow line (R
= 0.976) between
the peak current increase and the log S. aureus concentration (10107 CFU), with a concentration limit of 13 CFU in milk with a short period(30min)andhigherconcentrations.In
the immunological sensor’s sensitivity, the multi-junction sensor was developed by Kara
et al. The stunts were used to detect the foodborne diseases. Au complexes of polyethyleneimine was coated was used to diagnose the chronic diseases [17–21].
CNT resources with decent catalytic movement and conductivity importantly lessen
the surface strength and effectively fasten electron handover in electrochemical responses. When associated with conventional CNT sensors, the sensors generally have
higher sensitivity, linear response range, and faster response. Bhardwaj et al. developed
a simple and inexpensive paper-based electrochemical immunosensor that can be made
on plates using no bioconjugates. Aureus antibody linked to SWNT and moved to the
active electrode region, resulting in a change in the maximum current value. This sur-
2
prising sensor showed a thin line (R
= 0.976) between the peak current increase and
the log S. aureus concentration (10,107 CFU), with a concentration limit of 13 CFU in
milk with a short duration (30 min) and higher concentrations, resulting in higher concentrations. In sensitivity of the immune sensor, the stunts were used to detect the
foodborne diseases. Stunts and polyethylenimine coated with gold tungsten filaments
formed a 2 × 2 complex line containing streptavidin and biotinylated antibodies. The
overview of SWCNTs aimed to diminish upbringing racket and enhance the biorecognition rejoinder amid Ab and Ag. Sol– gel-derivative silica/chitosan nanocomposites
have been used to inhibit cholesterol esterase and cholesterol oxidase (cox) in the
Chapter 7 Carbon dots in food safety detection 151
https://t.me/medicina_free
indium-tin glass. Its nanocomposite reduces t he reaction time to 1,002 s, keeps the
chest active and stable, and improves sensitivity. Parvin et al. made silver and CNT/
copper nanoparticles and nitrate-sensitive nitrate-coated silver optical probe [5–9].
7.5 Graphene and its wastes
Graphene is a twofold carbon substantially having a clean-packed honeycomb conductor
assembly of solitary-walled carbon atoms. His discoveries, which defied the assumption
that two-dimensional crystals did not exist, piqued the scientific community’scuriosity.
The discovery of graphene sparked a fresh generation of carbon offset research using
CNTs. Graphene atoms are composed of sp
network structure, hybrid orbitals form bit connections with nearby carbon atoms. The
specific area of HAS is approximately 2,630 m
graphite (GC) for chemical techniques can approach 100,230 F g. The flexible construction of carbon graphite (GC) sheets adds to their large surface area. It enhances electrolyte diffusion by producing nano-sized holes and pores between the layers. As a result,
graphene is an excellent electrode for a supercapacitor electrode. With GR serving as
electrodes and CNT serving as current collectors, a flexible GR-based thin film supercapacitor was created. The embedded tool achieves high power density (8–14 Wh kg) and
specific strength by combining high-performance large-format film with CNT film
(250–450 kW kg). Graphene with high electrical conductivity, a sole quantum Hall effect
at room malaise, and very rapid electron flow are excellent for nanoelectronic device
fabrication. The improved performance of suspended GR-field e ffect transistors
(GR-FETs) in aqueous solutions was reported by Cheng et al. Significantly when the
power of low-frequency noise falls by 12 and 6 times for the hole and electron carriers,
respectively, the trans-conductance of GR-FETs in the linear operating modes increases
by 1.5 and 2 times. The reason for this is that the GR material has a more cohesive structure than the stable material, it was collapses and melts more quickly. The GR layer
might be agglomerated. To increase graphene characteristics in data gathering applications, different inorganic and organic compounds or poly mers have been utilized.
These growth hormone (GH) compounds have numerous characteristics and serve
countless protagonists in the development of innovative nutriment protection sensors.
Inorganic GH nanocomposites can be created by spreading nanomaterials over the surface of GH sheets. Inanimate NPS can increase the distance amid graphene coats while
decreasing the pressures between them, allowing graphene monola yer s to retain
their structure and characteri stics [8–15]. This synergy is critical in the functioning
systems. Using a periodic ads orption test, Liu and his colleagues evaluated the influence of two inanimate masses, SiO
phene oxide. The consequences established that the attendance of inani mate silver
nanoparticles (NPS) impeded adsorption and lengthened the period obligatory to
2
-hybridized carbon. To build a full four-way
2
g, and the specific capacity of carbon
and Al2O3, on exposure of 17b-estradiol to gra-
2
152 Muhammad Alamgeer
https://t.me/medicina_free
Figure 7.4: CNT use in MIP-based sensors is revealed in Figure 3. (a) Making a sunset yellow
MWCNT@MIP-PDA sensor (Fu, Wu et al. 2012, Yin, Cheng et al. 2018). (b) Diagram showing the Hg(II)imprinted PMBT, AuNPs, SWCNTs, and GCE (Fu, Wu et al. 2012). (c) Making a gold electrode with a CS-SNP/
graphene-MWCNTs composite coating (Lian, Liu et al. 2013).
influence adsorption equilibrium in GH. As a result, this training provides novel insights on the endpoints and transfers GH and pollutants in marine ecosystems. Its high
graphene rating makes it a superb iron NPS transporter. The fusion of GR and NP sheets
can be avoided by depositing metallic NPS on the graphite sheet's surface. Complex
structures are often one of a kind of high-rise buildings [5–8].
7.6 Conclusions
A variety of nanoscale carbon-based supplies is a unique material due to their unresolved performance. A large figure of theoretical and hands-on studies that explain
the grounding, amendment, and tender of carbon-based nanosupplies in the field of
food stuff have been conducted. Significant advancement has been made, thus entirely representative of the potential of carbon-built nanosupplies as a new-fangled
nerve-building device. The nano technology, and sensory materials will be key to further improvements in the practice of carbon-built nanomaterials in diet investigation.
References
[1] Aliaga MA, Chaves-dos-santos SM. Food and nutrition security public initiatives from a human and
socioeconomic development perspective: Mapping experiences within the 1996 world food summit
signatories. Soc Sci Med. 2014, 104, 74–79.
Chapter 7 Carbon dots in food safety detection 153
https://t.me/medicina_free
[2] Pérez-escamilla R. Food security and the 2015–2030 sustainable development goals: From human to
planetary health: Perspectives and opinions. Curr Dev Nutr. 2017, 1(7), e000513.
[3] Ramakrishnan U. Prevalence of micronutrient malnutrition worldwide. Nutr Rev. 2002, 60(Suppl_5),
S46–S52.
[4] Forouzanfar MH, Afshin A, Alexander LT, Anderson HR, Bhutta ZA, Biryukov S, . . . Carrero JJ. Global,
regional, and national comparative risk assessment of 79 behavioural, environmental and occupational,
and metabolic risks or clusters of risks, 1990–2015: A systematic analysis for the global burden of
disease study 2015. The Lancet. 2016, 388(10053), 1659–1724.
[5] Smith MD, Rabbitt MP, Coleman-jensen A. Who are the world’s food insecure? new evidence from the
food and agriculture organization’s food insecurity experience scale. World Dev. 2017, 93, 402–412.
[6] Pérez-escamilla R, Segall-corrêa AM. Food insecurity measurement and indicators. Rev de Nutr.
2008, 21, 15s–26s.
[7] Pérez-escamilla R. Food security and the 2015–2030 sustainable development goals: From human to
planetary health: Perspectives and opinions. Curr Dev Nutr. 2017, 1(7), e000513.
[8] Lang T, Mason P. Sustainable diet policy development: Implications of multi-criteria and other
approaches, 2008–2017. Proc Nutr Soc. 2018, 77(3), 331–346.
[9] Leung CW, Ding EL, Catalano PJ, Villamor E, Rimm EB, Willett WC. Dietary intake and dietary quality
of low-income adults in the supplemental nutrition assistance program. Am J Clin Nutr. 2012, 96(5),
977–988.
[10] Millen BE, Abrams S, Adams-campbell L, Anderson CA, Brenna JT, Campbell WW, . . . Lichtenstein AH.
The 2015 dietary guidelines advisory committee scientific report: Development and major
conclusions. Adv Nutr. 2016, 7(3), 438–444.
[11] Perez-escamilla F, de toledo vianna RP. Food insecurity and the behavioral and intellectual
development of children: A review of the evidence. J Appl Res Child. 2012, 3(1), 9.
[12] Fram MS, Frongillo EA, Jones SJ, Williams RC, Burke MP, DeLoach KP, Blake CE. Children are aware of
food insecurity and take responsibility for managing food resources. J Nutr. 2011, 141(6), 1114–1119.
[13] Bernal J, Frongillo EA, Herrera H, Rivera J. Children live, feel, and respond to experiences of food
insecurity that compromise their development and weight status in peri-urban Venezuela. J Nutr.
2012, 142(7), 1343–1349.
[14] Gubert MB, Spaniol AM, Bortolini GA, Pérez-escamilla R. Household food insecurity, nutritional
status and morbidity in Brazilian children. Public Health Nutr. 2016, 19(12), 2240–2245.
[15] Pérez-escamilla R, Dessalines M, Finnigan M, Pachón H, Hromi-fiedler A, Gupta N. Household food
insecurity is associated with childhood malaria in rural Haiti. J Nutr. 2009, 139(11), 2132–2138.
[16] Rivera JA, Pedraza LS, Martorell R, Gil A. Introduction to the double burden of undernutrition and
excess weight in Latin America. Am J Clin Nutr. 2014, 100(6), 1613S–1616S.
[17] Gubert MB, Spaniol AM, Segall‐corrêa AM, Pérez‐escamilla R. Understanding the double burden of
malnutrition in food insecure households in Brazil. Maternal Child Nutr. 2017, 13(3), e12347.
[18] Kulkarni VS, Kulkarni VS, Gaiha R. Double burden of malnutrition reexamining the coexistence of
undernutrition and overweight among women in India. Int J Health Serv. 2017, 47(1), 108–133.
[19] Zhang N, Bécares L, Chandola T. Patterns and determinants of double-burden of malnutrition
among rural children: Evidence from China. PloS One. 2016, 11(7), e0158119.
[20] Laraia BA. Food insecurity and chronic disease. Adv Nutr. 2013, 4(2), 203–212.
[21] Pérez-escamilla R, Villalpando S, Shamah-levy T, Méndez-gómez humarán I. Household food
insecurity, diabetes and hypertension among Mexican adults: Results from Ensanut 2012. Salud Publ
de Mex. 2014, 56, s62–s70.
[22] Weigel MM, Armijos RX, Racines M, Cevallos W, Castro NP. Association of household food insecurity
with the mental and physical health of low-income urban Ecuadorian women with children. J
Environ Public Health. 2016, 2016.
154 Muhammad Alamgeer
https://t.me/medicina_free
[23] Kollannoor-samuel G, Wagner J, Damio G, Segura-pérez S, Chhabra J, Vega-lópez S, Pérez-escamilla
R. Social support modifies the association between household food insecurity and depression
among Latinos with uncontrolled type 2 diabetes. J Immigrant Minority Health. 2011, 13(6), 982–989.
[24] Sharpe I, Davison CM. Investigating the role of climate-related disasters in the relationship between
food insecurity and mental health for youth aged 15–24 in 142 countries. PLOS Global Public Health.
2022, 2(9), e0000560.
[25] Britto PR, Lye SJ, Proulx K, Yousafzai AK, Matthews SG, Vaivada T, . . . BHUTTA ZA. Early childhood
development interventions review group, for the lancet early childhood development series
steering committee. nurturing care: Promoting early childhood development. Lancet. 2017, 389
(10064), 91–102.
[26] Bermúdez-millán A, Pérez-escamilla R, Segura-pérez S, Damio G, Chhabra J, Osborn CY, Wagner J.
Psychological distress mediates the association between food insecurity and suboptimal sleep
quality in Latinos with type 2 diabetes mellitus. J Nutr. 2016, 146(10), 2051–2057.
[27] Jordan ML, Perez-escamilla R, Desai MM, Shamah-levy T. Household food insecurity and sleep
patterns among Mexican adults: Results from ENSANUT-2012. J Immigrant Minority Health. 2016,
18(5), 1093–1103.
[28] Brown LR. Could food shortages bring down civilization? Sci Am. 2009, 300(5), 50–57.
[29] Whitmee S, Haines A, Beyrer C, Boltz F, Capon AG, de souza dias BF, . . . Yach D. Safeguarding
human health in the Anthropocene epoch: Report of the rockefeller foundation -lancet commission
on planetary health. The Lancet. 2015, 386(10007), 1973–2028.
[30] Imamura F, Micha R, Khatibzadeh S, Fahimi S, Shi P, Powles J Global Burden of Diseases Nutrition and
Chronic Diseases Expert Group (NutriCoDE). Dietary quality among men and women in 187 countries
in 1990 and 2010: A systematic assessment. The Lancet Global Health. 2015, 3(3), e132–e142.
[31] Fagherazzi G, El Fatouhi D, Fournier A, Gusto G, Mancini FR, Balkau B, . . . Bonnet F. Associations
between migraine and type 2 diabetes in women: Findings from the E3N cohort study. JAMA Neurol.
2019, 76(3), 257–263.
[32] Pérez‐escamilla R, Lutter CK, Rabadan‐diehl C, Rubinstein A, Calvillo A, Corvalán C, . . . Rivera JA.
Prevention of childhood obesity and food policies in Latin America: From research to practice.
Obesity Rev. 2017, 18, 28–38.
[33] Stein D, Weinberger-litman SL, Latzer Y. Psychosocial perspectives and the issue of prevention in
childhood obesity. Front Public Health. 2014, 2, 104.
[34] Andrews KR, Silk KS, Eneli IU. Parents as health promoters: A theory of planned behavior
perspective on the prevention of childhood obesity. J Health Commun. 2010, 15(1), 95–107.
[35] Daniels LA, Magarey A, Battistutta D, Nicholson JM, Farrell A, Davidson G, Cleghorn G. The NOURISH
randomised control trial: Positive feeding practices and food preferences in early childhood-a
primary prevention program for childhood obesity. BMC Public Health. 2009, 9(1), 1–10.
[36] Gubert MB, Dos santos SMC, Santos LMP, Perez-escamilla R. A municipal-level analysis of secular
trends in severe food insecurity in Brazil between 2004 and 2013. Glob Food Sec. 2017, 14, 61–67.
[37] Pérez-escamilla R. Can experience-based household food security scales help improve food security
governance? Glob Food Sec. 2012, 1(2), 120–125.
[38] Gubert MB, Segall-corrêa AM, Spaniol AM, Pedroso J, Coelho SE, Pérez-escamilla R. Household food
insecurity in black-slaves descendant communities in Brazil: Has the legacy of slavery truly ended?
Public Health Nutrit. 2017, 20(8), 1513–1522.
[39] Gubert MB, Segall-corrêa AM, Spaniol AM, Pedroso J, Coelho SE, Pérez-Escamilla R. Household food
insecurity in black-slaves descendant communities in Brazil: Has the legacy of slavery truly ended?
Public Health Nutrit. 2017, 20(8), 1513–1522.
[40] Cook JT, Frank DA. Food security, poverty, and human development in the United States. Ann NY
Acad Sci. 2008, 1136(1), 193–209.
Chapter 7 Carbon dots in food safety detection 155
https://t.me/medicina_free
[41] Cafiero C, Viviani S, Nord M. Food security measurement in a global context: The food insecurity
experience scale. Measurement. 2018, 116, 146–152.
[42] Villagomez-ornelas P, Hernandez-lopez P, Carrasco-enriquez B, Barrios-sanchez K, Perez-escamilla R,
Melgar-quinonez H. Statistical validity of the Mexican food security scale and the Latin American
and Caribbean food security scale. Salud Pública de Méx. 2014, 56, s5–s11.
[43] Nelson ME, Hamm MW, Hu FB, Abrams SA, Griffin TS. Alignment of healthy dietary patterns and
environmental sustainability: A systematic review. Adv Nutr. 2016, 7(6), 1005–1025.
[44] Tiwari S, Bharadva K, Yadav B, Malik S, Gangal P, Banapurmath CR, . . . Agrawal RK. Infant and young
child feeding guidelines, 2016. Indian Pediatrics. 2016, 53(8), 703–713.
[45] Richter LM, Daelmans B, Lombardi J, Heymann J, Boo FL, Behrman JR Lancet Early Childhood
Development Series Steering Committee. Investing in the foundation of sustainable development:
Pathways to scale up for early childhood development. The Lancet. 2017, 389(10064), 103–118.
[46] Vilar-compte M, Teruel GM, Flores-peregrina D, Carroll GJ, Buccini GS, Perez-escamilla R. Costs of
maternity leave to support breastfeeding; Brazil, Ghana and Mexico. Bull WHO. 2020, 98(6), 382.
[47] Jones AD, Ngure FM, Pelto G, Young SL. What are we assessing when we measure food security?
A compendium and review of current metrics. Adv Nutr. 2013, 4(5), 481–505.
[48] Cetthakrikul N, Topothai C, Suphanchaimat R, Tisayaticom K, Limwattananon S, Tangcharoensathien
V. Childhood stunting in Thailand: When prolonged breastfeeding interacts with household poverty.
BMC Pediatr. 2018, 18(1), 1–9.
[49] Chen H, Zuo X, Su S, Tang Z, Wu A, Song S, . . . Fan C. An electrochemical sensor for pesticide assays
based on carbon nanotube-enhanced acetycholinesterase activity. Analyst. 2008, 133(9), 1182–1186.
[50] Fu XC, Wu J, Nie L, Xie CG, Liu JH, Huang XJ. Electropolymerized surface ion imprinting films on a
gold nanoparticles/single-wall carbon nanotube nanohybrids modified glassy carbon electrode for
electrochemical detection of trace mercury (II) in water. Anal Chim Acta. 2012, 720, 29–37.
[51] Govindasamy M, Chen SM, Mani V, Devasenathipathy R, Umamaheswari R, Santhanaraj KJ, Sathiyan
A. Molybdenum disulfide nanosheets coated multiwalled carbon nanotubes composite for highly
sensitive determination of chloramphenicol in food samples milk, honey and powdered milk.
J Colloid Interface Sci. 2017, 485, 129–136.
[52] Lian W, Liu S, Yu J, Li J, Cui M, Xu W, Huang J. Electrochemical sensor using neomycin-imprinted film
as recognition element based on chitosan-silver nanoparticles/graphene-multiwalled carbon
nanotubes composites modified electrode. Biosens Bioelectron. 2013, 44, 70–76.
[53] Yin ZZ, Cheng SW, Xu LB, Liu HY, Huang K, Li L, . . . Lu YX. Highly sensitive and selective sensor for
sunset yellow based on molecularly imprinted polydopamine-coated multi-walled carbon
nanotubes. Biosens Bioelectron. 2018, 100, 565–570.
[54] Yang G, Zhao F. Electrochemical sensor for chloramphenicol based on novel multiwalled carbon
nanotubes@ molecularly imprinted polymer. Biosens Bioelectron. 2015, 64, 416–422.
[55] Zhang Y, Bai X, Wang X, Shiu KK, Zhu Y, Jiang H. Highly sensitive graphene -Pt nanocomposites
amperometric biosensor and its application in living cell H2O2 detection. Anal Chem. 2014, 86(19),
9459–9465.
[56] Zhang Y, Zeng GM, Tang L, Chen J, Zhu Y, He XX, He Y. Electrochemical sensor based on
electrodeposited graphene-Au modified electrode and nanoAu carrier amplified signal strategy
for attomolar mercury detection. Anal Chem. 2015, 87(2), 989–996.
https://t.me/medicina_free
Sonali Loya and Swati Chandravanshi
https://t.me/medicina_free
Chapter 8
Carbon dots in anticancer detection
and therapy
Abstract: Carbon dots (CDs) are carbon-based nanomaterials. These found many ap-
plications in different fields due to their fascinating properties,. The size of CDs ranges
from 1 to 10 nm. CDs have been recognized as a promising candidate for various applications such as bioimaging, catalysis, biotherapy, electronics, biosensing, targeted
drug delivery, detection of small molecules, treatment of cancer, and other biomedical
applications. This chapter mainly highlights the preparation and applications of CDs.
Keywords: Carbon dots, nanomaterials, biomedical applications, preparation methods
8.1 Introduction
Carbon dots (CDs) are the carbon-based nanomaterials w ith size ranging from 1 to
10 nm. CDs are mainly incorporated with sp
surface functional groups. Sun et al. named carbon nanoparticles (CNPs) as “carbon
quantum dots” on the basis of their spectral features and properties, which were similar to the silicon quantum dots at that time. As a new member of nanomaterials, CDs
exhibit many appreciable advantages such as low cytotoxicity, brilliant fluorescence
(FL), good photoluminescence behaviour, good biocompatibility [12], high photostability, and stable chemical inertness. These appreciable features of CDs make them the
most promising nanomaterials for multiple applications like biosensors [1–3], b ioimaging [4, 5], drug delivery, biotherapy, and solar cells [6, 7].
CDs are broadly classified into three main types: graphene quantum dots (GQDs),
carbon nanodots (CNDs), and carbonized polymeric dots (CPDs). GQDs are composed
2
crystalline carbons in graphene or graphite manner [14]. Both CPDs and CNDs
of sp
comprise a spherical core with connected surface groups. CPDs mainly contain aggregated / cross-linked carbon cores and polymeric chain shells.
In today’s era, cancer has become one of the major health issues, which affects the
world’s population because of its high incidence and mortality rate. According to WHO,
there were around 10 million deaths in 2020 orwecansaynearly1in6deaths.Thecorrect identification and treatment of cancer is still a big problem in the world. If it is not
identified correctly, it will notbeabletobetreatedproperlybecausedifferenttechniques
Sonali Loya, Swati Chandravanshi, Govt. Nehru P.G. college, Dongargarh, Chhattisgarh, India
2
/sp3-hybridized carbon core with various
https://doi.org/10.1515/9783110799958-008
Соседние файлы в папке Библиотека им академика М.И. Перельмана