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Файл:M&Ms. Movies and Maths. Учебно-методическое пособие
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Viewing 2
A. The second scene is centered around the issue of a landing zone for Glenn’s
spacecraft3. Watch the scene and say what the main message is.
B. View the scene again and fill in the gaps.
Mr. Harrison: This is Katherine Goble with our Trajectory and Launch Window
Division. Her work is pertinent to 1) _________ _________ . Come on. 2) _________
_________ _________ _________ . We have a confirmed launch window.. Give her
your chair. We have a confirmed launch window4 for Friendship 7. Let’s discuss
3) _________ _________ _________ .
Speaker 1: The Navy needs a singular landing zone.
Speaker 2: 20 miles square is 4) _________ _________ _________ _________
retrieval. Outside of that, we risk the capsule’s recovery.
Paul: 5) _________ _________ _________ _________ possible recovery areas.
Speaker 2: We can’t cover half the damn ocean.
Mr. Harrison: With all due respect our capsule 6) _________ _________ _________
_________ . We’re orbiting the Earth at... what speed now?
Katherine: 17,544 miles per hour. At the time the rocket 7) _________ _________
_________ into low space orbit.
Colonel Glenn: That’s one hell of a speeding ticket.
Speaker 3: OK. So we have 8) _________ _________ _________ , the launch
window and for argument’s sake, the landing zone is The Bahamas. 9) _________
_________ _________ to figure the Go/No Go5?
Paul: Yeah! In theory, sir.
Speaker 3: We need to be 10) _________ _________ _________ _________
_________ .
Mr. Harrison: We’ll be able to calculate a Go/No Go with that information.
3
On Feb. 20, 1962, astronaut John H. Glenn became the first American to orbit the Earth
4
launch window is the time period on a given day during which a particular rocket must be launched
in order to reach its intended target
5
go/no go testing refers to a pass/fail test (or check) principle using two boundary conditions or a
binary classification
32
Speaker 3: When exactly is that gonna happen?
Mr. Harrison: Katherine. 11) _________ _________ _________ _________
_________ ?
Katherine: The Go point for re-entry is 2,990 miles from where we want Colonel
Glenn to land. 12) _________ _________ _________ that’s The Bahamas. At 17,544
miles per hour.. upon reentry.. 37o feet.. At a descent angle.. of 46.56 .. degrees...
distance... 13) _________ _________ … sin… gravity… 32 feet… distance…
20 530 372 feet or 2 990 miles or 46.33 degrees… OK! So, that puts your landing
zone at... 25.0667° North, 77.3333° West. Which is here! Right here. Give or take 20
square miles.
Colonel Glenn: 14) _________ _________ _________ _________.
Katherine: Thank you.
Speaker 3: That of course is assuming the ... capsule hits the reentry point exactly.
15) _________ _________ _________ _________ _________ ?
Mr. Harrison: That’s 16) _________ _________ _________ _________
_________ _________ _________ , gentlemen. We’re working on it. Katherine!
C. Watch the video frames with the calculations on the board. What formulas does
Katherine use to solve the problem? Can you put them down? Can you read them in
English?
D. Reductions. Watch the scene and listen to the following utterances again. Is there
a difference between the way they are written and pronounced?
1. We have a confirmed launch window for Friendship 7.
2. Give her a chair.
3.We can’t cover half the damn ocean.
3. I like her numbers.
E. Match the utterances from exercise D and the following peculiarities of
pronunciation.
1) dropping plosive sounds, for instance [t], [d], at the end of a word
2) dropping initial [h]
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F. Listen again to the utterances in D. Repeat them after the speaker in the scene.
Vocabulary
A. Watch the scenes again. What do these phrases mean in the context?
the method works numerically to calculate launch and landing
an elliptical/ a parabolic orbit dependable
conversion a recovery area
with all due respect to orbit the Earth at the speed …
is being altered daily for argument’s sake
to figure the go/no-go to have a go at smth
give or take (20 square miles) to ensure smth
a descent angle velocity square
a trajectory and launch window division
to be pertinent to today’s proceedings
the Navy needs a singular landing zone
the area we can service for retrieval
the rocket delivers the capsule into low space orbit
B. Find the English equivalents to the following Russian phrases. Use the vocabulary
from exercise A.
Плюс-минус (+ Q)
со скоростью света
при всем уважении
уместный для сегодняшней повестки дня/сегодняшних вопросов, дел
гарантировать/обеспечивать что-либо
чисто гипотетически
зона извлечения (приземления капсулы)
34
C. Using the vocabulary from exercise A, fill in the gaps.
1. The _______________ question here is whether we can apply this formula to the
problem.
2. The university should _______________ access to relevant training.
3. Let’s just say, _______________, that he managed to prove this theory.
4. I decided to _______________ at applying for this job when my friend told me all
about it.
5. I can not say that this result is _______________ accurate.
D. In which areas of space exploration do you think mathematics is used? Support
your answer with examples.
Grammar
A. Study the following utterances from the two scenes. What preposition is used with
the verbs? Can you explain why?
1. We’re orbiting the Earth at what speed now?
2. So that puts your landing zone at 25.0667° North, 77.3333° West.
3. We need something that looks at the problem numerically.
B. Complete these sentences with an appropriate verb and a preposition.
stare aim shout point take off
1. The teaching assistant is very friendly, he never ____________ us or even raises
his voice.
2. The girl sitting next to you in the lecture kept ____________ me.
3.Both tasks ____________ improving your calculation skills.
4.Every plane ____________ a specific speed - the point at which lift overcomes
gravity.
5. Noone ____________ the student who’d actually failed the test.
C. Think about your regular English and Math tasks. What are they aimed at?
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Unit 5
Pi
Lead-in
A. Look at the pictures below. What do they have in common?
B. What breakthroughs can you think of in the following
epochs
● before Christ (BC)
● Anno Domini (AD)?
C. What does it take to make a breakthrough?
Viewing
A. ‘Pi’ is an unorthodox movie about a mathematician. Watch the scene and say what
breakthrough is mentioned in it. Take note of the formula that comes up in the scene.
B. Watch it again and fill in the gaps.
Professor: Syracuse, eh? …The King asks Archimedes to determine if a present he
1) _________ _________ is actually 2) _________ _________ – unsolved problem
at the time! It tortures the great Greek mathematician for weeks – insomnia haunts
him, and he twists 3) _________ _________ _________ _________ _________ for
nights on end. Finally, his equally exhausted wife – 4) _________ _________
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_________ to share a bed with this genius – convinces him to take a bath, to relax.
While 5) _________ _________ _________ the tub, Archimedes 6) _________
_________ _________ _________ _________ . Displacement – a way to determine
volume, and, thus, a way to determine density: 7) _________ _________ _________
. And, thus, Archimedes 8) _________ _________ _________ , he screams “Eureka!”
And he is so overwhelmed, he runs dripping naked through the streets to the King’s
Palace to 9) _________ _________ _________ . Now, what is the moral of the story?
Max: That a breakthrough 10) _________ _________ .
Professor: Wrong! The point of the story is the wife. You listen to your wife, she
11) _________ _________ _________ _________ , meaning you need a break, you
have to take a bath or you 12) _________ _________ _________ . There will be no
order, only 13) _________ . Go home, Max, and 14) _________ _________
_________ _________ .
C. What is the professor’s message to Max? Do you agree with it?
D. Reductions. As you have noticed, the professor in the scene seems to be a non-native
speaker of English – there are not so many reductions in the speech. Find at least three
phrases that could have been reduced by a native speaker.
Example: convinces him – convinces ‘im
Vocabulary
A. Watch the scene again. What do these words/phrases mean in the context?
solid gold
to torture smb
insomnia
to haunt smb
for nights/days/months/years on end
exhausted
a tub
thus
“eureka!”
to be overwhelmed
a breakthrough
chaos
weight
density
37
volume
displacement
to determine smth
an unsolved problem
to report the discovery
B. In groups of three, recall stories from history and literature that describe some great
scientist/person who made a breakthrough, for example:
● Alexander Bell and the telephone;
● Henry Ford and the regular automobile;
● Nikola Tesla and the alternating current;
● Albert Einstein and the theory of relativity;
● Steve Jobs and the I-Phone.
C. Tell your groupmates how this invention has changed our life. Do you like
the changes it has brought? Use the vocabulary from exercise A.
D. In pairs, summarise the results of the presentations from other groups. What
inventions were presented? Do you agree with the opinion of the others about
the changes that were reported?
E. Writing. Compose a short story (100 words) describing some invention and how it
influenced / can influence our life. It may be a real invention (the computer, the electric
bulb, the fountain pen, the headphones) or something you’ve made up.
Grammar
A. Study the following example.
Example: Archimedes notices the bath water rise.
Does the structure of the sentence tell you that Archimedes saw the process of “water
rising” from the beginning to the end?
When is the particle TO omitted in complex object?
B. Read the following verbs. Say after which verbs bare infinitive is used.
feel admit notice hear see watch
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C. Complete the following sentences.
1) Nobody heard the lecturer ____________ .
2) The Professor noticed the students _____________.
3) He asked to watch the kids _______________ .
4) I can see the problem ____________ .
5) We see this method _____________ the possibility of finding a unique solution.
D. Make up two or three sentences describing your perceptions about what is
happening right now in the classroom. Use the verbs of perception and bare infinitive.
Example: Looking out of the window, I have noticed a tiny bird fly across the sky.
E. Share your sentences with your groupmates. What do students choose to describe people, places, or things mostly?
Reading
A. The objects given below were invented by Archimedes. Do you know what they are?
What do you know about Archimedes?
B. Read the following selection. Think about a creative title for the text.
Archimedes (290 BC – 212 BC, Syracuse) is known to be the most famous
mathematician and inventor of ancient Greece. He is especially important for his
discovery of the relation between the surface and volume of a sphere and its
circumscribing cylinder. He is also known for his formulation of a hydrostatic principle
(known as Archimedes’ principle6) and a device for raising water, still used in
developing countries, known as the Archimedes screw 7.
6
Any body completely or partially submerged in a fluid (gas or liquid) at rest is acted upon by an upward, or buoyant,
force the magnitude of which is equal to the weight of the fluid displaced by the body.
7
A machine for removing water from the hold of a large ship. One form consists of a circular pipe enclosing a helix and
inclined at an angle of about 45 degrees to the horizontal with its lower end dipped in the water; rotation of the device
causes the water to rise in the pipe.
39
Archimedes probably spent some time in Egypt early in his career, but he resided
for most of his life in Syracuse, the principal Greek city-state in Sicily, where he was
on intimate terms with its king, Hieron II. Archimedes published his works in the form
of correspondence with the principal mathematicians of his time, including
the Alexandrian scholars Conon of Samos and Eratosphenes of Cyrene. He played
an important role in the defense of Syracuse against the siege laid by the Romans in
213 BC by constructing war machines so effective that they long delayed the capture
of the city. When Syracuse eventually fell to the Roman general Marcus Claudius
Marcellus in the autumn of 212 or spring of 211 BC, Archimedes was killed in the sack
of the city.
Far more details survive about the life of Archimedes than about any other
ancient scientist, but they are largely anecdotal, reflecting the impression that his
mechanical genius made on the popular imagination. Thus, he is credited with
inventing the Archimedes screw, and he is supposed to have made two “spheres” that
Marcellus took back to Rome—one a star globe and the other a device (the details of
which are uncertain) for mechanically representing the motions of the Sun, the Moon,
and the planets. The story that he determined the proportion of gold and silver in
a wreath made for Hieron by weighing it in water is probably true, but the version that
has him leaping from the bath in which he supposedly got the idea and running naked
through the streets shouting “Heurēka!” (“I have found it!”) is popular embellishment.
Equally apocryphal are the stories that he used a huge array of mirrors to burn
the Roman ships besieging Syracuse; that he said, “Give me a place to stand and I will
move the Earth”; and that a Roman soldier killed him because he refused to leave his
mathematical diagrams.
According to Plutarch (AD 46–119), Archimedes had so low an opinion of
the kind of practical invention at which he excelled and to which he owed his
contemporary fame that he left no written work on such subjects. While it is true that—
apart from a dubious reference to a treatise, “On Sphere-Making”—all of his known
works were of a theoretical character, his interest in mechanics nevertheless deeply
influenced his mathematical thinking. Not only did he write works on theoretical
40
mechanics and hydrostatics, but his treatise Method Concerning Mechanical Theorems
shows that he used mechanical reasoning as a heuristic device for the discovery of new
mathematical theorems.
[from https://www.britannica.com/biography/Archimedes]
C. Read the following statements and say which one is true according to the text above.
1. Archimedes didn’t have a chance to take part in the defense of Syracuse.
2. Archimedes did some research in astronomy.
3. During the siege of Syracuse, Archimedes used mirrors to burn the Roman ships.
4. The notes on all Archimedes’ practical inventions were found in the treatise “On
Sphere-Making”.
5. Archimedes was killed by a Roman soldier because he was unwilling to share
some of his inventions with the enemy.
D. Read the following words and phrases. What do they mean in the context?
the relation between the surface and volume circumscribing cylinder
to be credited with to weigh
Heurēka! embellishment
an array of mirrors to excel at smth
to owe one’s fame to smth mechanical reasoning
a heuristic device
E. Think about scientists of Akademgorodok and their inventions/great ideas. Compose
a statement about them using the vocabulary from exercise D. Write it down. Read it
to your partner.
F. Scan through the text in exercise B. Can you find sentences that don’t have the direct
word order: Subject + Verb + Object? Why do you think the inversion is used in
the text?
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