Posterior component separation with TAR detailed previously has several advan­tages over anterior component separation and other methods of posterior separation. First, it permits extensive lateral dissection in the avascular potential space beneath the transversus abdominis muscle. This creates an ideal space for mesh implantation, while at the same time preserving the entire neurovascular supply to the anterior abdominal wall. The release of the transversus abdominal muscle itself permits suffi­cient medicalization of the rectus muscles, so as to permit complete reconstruction of the abdominal wall layers posterior and anterior to the mesh. This places the mesh in a well-vascularized pocket, remote from the skin surface. Moreover, the retromuscular position of the mesh permits wide overlap of “difficult” defects (subxyphoid, sub­costal, suprapubic). Based on these advantages, as well as its quoted 3% to 5% recurrence rate, posterior component separation with transversus abdominis release has become our preferred method of choice for the management of patients requiring open ventral hernia repair.