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242 | Index
injuries, 46; for hilar injuries, 52–3, 54, 55; left anterolateral thoracotomy, 47, 47–9; lung parenchymal haemorrhage control in, 46; mortality rate, 45–6; overview, 45–7; for posterior mediastinal injuries, 54–8; aortic control, 54–5; combined tracheobronchial injuries, 58; oesophageal injury, 57–8, 59; tracheobronchial injury, 55–7, 57, 58; pulmonary injuries, 53–4, 55, 56; for tracheobronchial and oesophageal
injuries, 45 thrombectomy, 70–1, 71 thromboxane A2, 204 tibia, 146, 190 tibial vessels, 81 tissue coverage, 73 tissue plasminogen activator, 204 tracheobronchial injury, 55–7, 57, 58 traction, 142–4, 143; see also orthopaedic injury
management
tranexamic acid (TXA), 34, 134–5; see also fluid
administration transposition flaps, 208 transverse arteriotomy closure, 71 trauma control laparotomy, 83–8; end of, 88; equipment,
84; exteriorising the small bowel, 85, 85; haemorrhage control, 85–7; hollow viscus injury, 87; incision, 85; injuries not to miss, 88; key
points, 88; overview, 83–4 trauma-induced coagulopathy (TIC), 28 traumatic brain injury (TBI), fatality rate, 151 Treitz ligament, 109, 114
umbilical hernia repair, 122, 122–5, 123 unilateral collar incision, 168 upper extremity, 73–81, 141, 144–5; elbow, 144–5; forearm,
145; wrist, 145 urinary tract injuries, 115–6; see also abdominal injuries
vascular control, 69–70 vascular exposures and reconstructions, 73–81; axillary
vessels, 73, 74; brachial vessels, 73–7; popliteal vessels, 77–81; superficial femoral artery, 77; techniques, 69–73; anticoagulation, 70–1; bypass graft, 72–3; focal repairs, 71; injury exposure, 70; interposition graft, 72–3; thrombectomy, 70–1, 71; tissue coverage, 73; vascular control, 69–70; tibial vessels, 81; upper extremity, 73–81
vascular injuries, 108–11; ligation, 109–10; shunting, 110–1 vehicles, blast effects in, 12, 12 vein injury management, 69 venous plexus, 91 Vicryl sutures, 113 Vietnam War, 2 Virsung duct, 113 vital signs, normal, 133 volcanic eruptions, 17–8 V-Y advancement Flaps, 210
Walking Blood Bank (WBB) Program, 34 whole blood, 31–2; see also fluid administration wound excision, 139–40, 140 wound incision, 138–9, 139 wrist, 141, 146
xenograft, 205 xylocaine, 217, 219
Yemen, 4
zone I haematoma, 113 zone I injuries, 167 zone II haematoma, 113 zone II injuries, 167, 169 zone III haematoma, 113 zone III injuries, 167–8
vagus nerve, 169 vascular access, 133