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Manual ofHead
and Neck
Reconstruction
AStep-by-Step Guide
FiyinSokoya
AuroraG.Vincent
Editors
123
Manual of Head and Neck Reconstruction
Fiyin Sokoya • Aurora G. Vincent
Editors
Manual of Head and Neck
Reconstruction
A Step-by-Step Guide
Editors
Fiyin Sokoya
Wellstar Health Systems
Atlanta, GA, USA
Aurora G. Vincent
Eisenhower Army Medical Center
Fort Gordon, GA, USA
ISBN 978-3-031-65998-0 ISBN 978-3-031-65999-7 (eBook)
https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-65999-7
© The Editor(s) (if applicable) and The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature
Switzerland AG 2024
This work is subject to copyright. All rights are solely and exclusively licensed by the Publisher, whether
the whole or part of the material is concerned, specically the rights of translation, reprinting, reuse of
illustrations, recitation, broadcasting, reproduction on microlms or in any other physical way, and
transmission or information storage and retrieval, electronic adaptation, computer software, or by similar
or dissimilar methodology now known or hereafter developed.
The use of general descriptive names, registered names, trademarks, service marks, etc. in this publication
does not imply, even in the absence of a specic statement, that such names are exempt from the relevant
protective laws and regulations and therefore free for general use.
The publisher, the authors and the editors are safe to assume that the advice and information in this book
are believed to be true and accurate at the date of publication. Neither the publisher nor the authors or the
editors give a warranty, expressed or implied, with respect to the material contained herein or for any
errors or omissions that may have been made. The publisher remains neutral with regard to jurisdictional
claims in published maps and institutional afliations.
This Springer imprint is published by the registered company Springer Nature Switzerland AG
The registered company address is: Gewerbestrasse 11, 6330 Cham, Switzerland
If disposing of this product, please recycle the paper.
Foreword
Thank you for having an open mind as you read this excellent book. I commend Dr.
Fiyin Sokoya and Dr. Aurora Vincent for their outstanding effort in putting together
a collection of techniques that should help improve outcomes for surgeons looking
to improve efciency and results with their surgical techniques. These are techniques that we have developed over the past 25years in a high-volume tertiary referral practice. They are focused on allowing surgeons in both private practice and
university settings to have equally high quality outcomes. The authors in this text
have varied practice models but are able to provide cost-efcient excellent care for
even the most complex and challenging patients. I am proud of all of the authors
contributions not only in the chapters they have chronicled herein, but also in how
they each continue to contribute to their communities and the eld of Facial Plastic
and Reconstructive Surgery. At the end of the day, our time as individual surgeons
is limited. We have all stood on the shoulders of giants in surgery. But we should
never be content in our expectations of results and surgical speed. Constant improvement should be the goal and continual dissemination of knowledge is the only way
we, as a specialty, will continue to thrive. I pray that you enjoy this volume as much
as the authors did putting it together.
Otolaryngology and Facial Plastic Surgery Associates YadrankoDucic
Fort Worth, TX, USA
v
Contents
Part I Facial Reconstruction
1 Local Flaps . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3
Adrian A. Ong, Ugochukwu Umeh, and Arya Namin
2 Facial Regional Flaps . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17
Arya Namin, Adrian A. Ong, and David Chan
3 Nasal Reconstruction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 31
Arya Namin and David Chan
4 Patient-Specific Implants and Prosthetics . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 43
David A. Rengifo, Alexander P. Simko, and Raja Sawhney
5 Reconstruction of the Lip . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 61
Scott Kohlert
Part II Muscular and Musculocutaneous Flaps
6 Pectoralis Major Flap . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 93
Nima Vahidi, Kevin Quinn, Cheryl Yu, Seung Lee,
and Thomas S. Lee
7 Anterolateral Thigh Free Flap . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 107
Adrian A. Ong and Fiyin Sokoya
8 Free Rectus Flap Reconstruction. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 115
Aurora G. Vincent and Spenceer R. Anderson
Part III Fasciocutaneous Flaps
9 The Radial Forearm Free Flap . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 125
Sammy Othman and Jason Cohn
10 Cervicodeltopectoral Flap . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 133
Nima Vahidi, Kevin Quinn, Cheryl Yu, Seung Lee,
and Thomas S. Lee
vii
viii
Contents
11 Trapezius Flap for Head and Neck Reconstruction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 145
Kathryn Bradburn Wie and Weitao Wang
12 Supraclavicular Flap. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 159
Arya Namin and Masoud Saman
Part IV Osseous and Osteocutaneous Flaps and Grafts
13 The Free Fibula Flap . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 171
Jason Cohn and Fiyin Sokoya
14 Scapular Free Tissue Transfer for Head
and Neck Reconstruction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 183
Wesley Mcilwain and Weitao Wang
15 The Osteocutaneous Radial Forearm Free Flap . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 197
Fatemeh Mirzamohammadi, Spenceer R. Anderson, Kaitlynne Pak,
Sunishka M. Wimalawansa, and Sameep P. Kadakia
16 Nonvascularized Bone Harvest and Transfer . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 221
Aurora G. Vincent and Spenceer R. Anderson
Part V Facial Reanimation
17 Masseteric Nerve Transfer for Facial Reinnervation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 229
Marc H. Hohman and Aurora G. Vincent
18 Outpatient Periocular Reanimation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 237
Marc H. Hohman and Aurora G. Vincent
19 Static Facial Suspension with Fascia Lata . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 247
Marc H. Hohman and Aurora G. Vincent
20 Functional Sterno-omohyoid Free Muscle Transfer
for Facial Reanimation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 257
Marc H. Hohman and Aurora G. Vincent
Part VI Reconstruction of Congenital Defects
21 Unilateral Cleft Lip Repair . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 275
Arya Namin and Ryan F. Brown
22 Cleft Palate Repair . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 289
Adrian A. Ong, Ryan F. Brown, and Fiyin Sokoya
Part VII Trauma Reconstruction
23 Mandible Trauma Reconstruction. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 305
Arya Namin and Ugochukwu Umeh
Contents
24 Midface Trauma Reconstruction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 317
David A. Rengifo, Alexander P. Simko, and Raja Sawhney
25 Frontal Sinus Reconstruction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 337
Laura Petrauskas, Eli Gordin, and David Chan
26 Orbital Trauma Reconstruction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 355
Derek Sheen and Eli Gordin
Part VIII Skull Base Reconstruction
27 Endoscopic Skull Base Reconstruction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 373
Britney Scott, Collin Smith, Luka Bahra, Ricardo L. Carrau,
and Sameep P. Kadakia
28 Open (Anterior) Skull Base Repair . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 395
Yusuf M. Agamawi, Fiyin Sokoya, and Yadranko Ducic
Index . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 409
ix
Contributors
Yusuf M. Agamawi Department of Otolaryngology—Head and Neck Surgery,
Saint Louis University School of Medicine, Saint Louis, MO, USA
Otolaryngology and Facial Plastic Surgery Associates, Fort Worth, TX, USA
SpenceerR.Anderson Department of Orthopedic and Plastic Surgery, Boonshoft
School of Medicine at Wright State University, Dayton, OH, USA
Division of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Wright State University Boonshoft
School of Medicine, Dayton, OH, USA
Luka Bahra College of Osteopathic Medicine, Rocky Vista University,
Englewood, CO, USA
Ryan F. Brown Department of Head and Neck Surgery/Facial Plastic and
Reconstructive Surgery, Denver, CO, USA
Department of Head and Neck Surgery/Facial Plastic Surgery, The Permanente
Medical Group, Santa Rosa, CA, USA
RicardoL.Carrau Department of Otolaryngology—Head and Neck Surgery, The
Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH, USA
DavidChan Department of Surgery, Section of Otolaryngology—Head and Neck
Surgery, The University of Chicago Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA
Century Ear, Nose, and Throat—Head and Neck Surgery, Orland Park, IL, USA
Section of Otolaryngology—Head and Neck Surgery, University of Chicago,
Chicago, IL, USA
JasonCohn, DO, FACS Cohn Plastic Surgery, PC, Smithtown, NY, USA
Sunrise ENT and Facial Plastics, Lindenhurst, NY, USA
Yadranko Ducic Otolaryngology and Facial Plastic Surgery Associates, Fort
Worth, TX, USA
Eli Gordin Department of Otolaryngology—Head and Neck Surgery, UT
Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
xi
xii
Contributors
MarcH.Hohman Baghdad Diplomatic Support Center, Baghdad, Iraq
Department of Surgery, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences,
Bethesda, MD, USA
Sameep P. Kadakia Department of Orthopedic and Plastic Surgery, Boonshoft
School of Medicine at Wright State University, Dayton, OH, USA
Premier Comprehensive Head and Neck Oncology and Reconstructive Surgery
Program, Miami Valley Hospital, Dayton, OH, USA
Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Wright State University
Boonshoft College of Medicine, Dayton, OH, USA
ScottKohlert CHRISTUS Health, Tyler, TX, USA
Seung Lee Department of Otolaryngology, Virginia Commonwealth University
Medical Center, Richmond, VA, USA
Department of Otolaryngology, Virginia Commonwealth University Hospital,
Richmond, VA, USA
Thomas S. Lee Department of Otolaryngology, Virginia Commonwealth
University Medical Center, Richmond, VA, USA
Department of Otolaryngology, Virginia Commonwealth University Hospital,
Richmond, VA, USA
Wesley Mcilwain Otolaryngology and Facial Plastic Surgery Associates, Fort
Worth, TX, USA
Fatemeh Mirzamohammadi Department of Orthopedic and Plastic Surgery,
Boonshoft School of Medicine at Wright State University, Dayton, OH, USA
Arya Namin Otolaryngology and Facial Plastic Surgery Associates, Fort
Worth, TX, USA
Adrian A. Ong Otolaryngology and Facial Plastic Surgery Associates, Fort
Worth, TX, USA
SammyOthman, MD Division of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Department
of Surgery, Northwell Health, New York, NY, USA
Kaitlynne Pak Boonshoft School of Medicine at Wright State University,
Dayton, OH, USA
Laura Petrauskas Section of Otolaryngology—Head and Neck Surgery,
University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
Kevin Quinn Department of Otolaryngology, Ohio State University Medical
Center, Columbus, OH, USA
Department of Otolaryngology, Virginia Commonwealth University Hospital,
Richmond, VA, USA