Endometritis and acute myometriitis: (i). Endometrium is swollen, thickened, and hypoechoic (Fig.5.86). (ii). Myometritis shows a slightly enlarged uterus, attenuated echo, and obvious tenderness (Fig.5.87). Acute and chronic salpingoophoritis (also known as adnexitis): (1) Adnexitis is character­ized by unilateral or bilateral adnexal masses, with a diameter of 4–6cm in general. The ovary is slightly enlarged and hypoechoic, surrounded by a uid area (Figs. 5.88 and 5.89). (2) The adnexal mass is cystic or septate cystic, with

Recurrence of myoma after operation. It usu­ally occurs in the uterine body or the residual cervix, and the mass represents solid echoes of different sizes (Fig.5.93). Recurrence of ovarian or uterine malignancies. Heterogeneous or homogeneous solid mass can be found in pelvis, may be accompanied by ascites (Figs.5.94 and 5.95). Lymphocyst after tumor surgery: Most lym­phocysts locate in bilateral ilium fossa or the posterior part of the pelvic cavity, presenting cystic echoes and clear boundary. Most of the lymphocysts are less than 5cm (Fig.5.96).

detect various pelvic masses at an early stage, which has been a routine method for pelvic examination. Inammatory mass is the most common one in the female pelvis, and it is also a common dis­ease of gynecology. No special signs could be found by ultrasonography, thus more attention should be paid to differentiate it from other ovarian masses. It is vital to undertake routine ultrasonic follow-up, combined with the clini­cal history and treatment. Due to the anatomical changes after pelvic sur­gery, we should pay attention to the reserved reproductive organs and their positions. Note the recurrence or metastasis in patients with malignant tumor histories.