Язык информационных технологий. Учебное пособие

Практикум

Exercise 2. Use suitable classifying expressions to complete these sentences.

1.A computer .................hardware and software

2.Peripherals ...............................three types: input, output and storage devices.

3.A word processing program .............................software which lets the user create and edit text.

4. ............................. of network architecture: peer-peer, where all computers have the same capabilities, and client-server (e.g. the Internet), where servers store and distribute data, and clients access this data.

Exercise 3. In pairs, describe this diagram, using classifying expressions from Exercise 1.

Peripherals

Exercise 4. Your company is considering replacing all of the office PCs with laptops. Write an e-mail to your boss explaining the benefits for the employees and the company.

Unit 3

Exercise 1. Study the following information. Do the tasks below.

Defining relative clauses

We can define people or things with a defining (restrictive) relative clause. We use the relative pronoun who to refer to a person; we can also use that.

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Язык информационных технологий

A blogger is a person who/that keeps a web log (blog) or publishes an online diary.

We use the relative pronoun which (or that) to refer to a thing, not a person.

This is built into a single chip which/that executes program instructions and coordinates the activities that take place within the computer system.

Relative pronouns can be left out when they are the object of the relative clause.

The main circuit board (which/that) you have inside your system is called the motherboard...

Exercise 2. Complete the sentences below with suitable relative pronouns. Give alternative options if possible. Put brackets round the relative pronouns you can leave out.

Exercise 3. Write a description of your ideal computer system. Give reasons for your choices. Think about the following features:

CPU, speed, optical disc drives, wireless connectivity, minimum/maximum RAM, monitor, ports and card memory slots, hard disk, software.

Useful language

It's got...

It's very fast. It runs at...

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Практикум

The standard RAM memory is... and it's expandable...

The hard disk can hold...

I need a large, flat LCD screen because...

As for the Internet, ...

Unit 4

Exercise 1. Study the following information. Write out words/word combinations underlined. Learn them. Do the task below.

Describing functions

In the listening, the mouse was described using for + ge-

rund:

This is a device for controlling the cursor and selecting items on the screen.

There are other ways of describing a device's function:

used + to + infinitive It's used to control...

relative pronoun + verb

This is a device which controls ...

relative pronoun + used + to + infinitive

This is a device which/that is used to control...

work by + gerund

It works by detecting light from the computer screen.

Describing features

We can describe features like this:

An optical mouse has an optical sensor instead of a ball under-

neath.

It usually features two buttons and a wheel. You can connect it to a USB port.

A wireless mouse works/operates without cables.

It allows the user to answer multiple-choice questions and...

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Язык информационных технологий

Exercise 2. Write a description of the Sony PlayStation 3 controller.

Sony PlayStation 3 controller

Functions

control video games

hold it with both hands, use thumbs to handle directional sticks and face buttons

Features

six-axis sensing system (capable of sensing motion in six directions: up, down, left, right, forwards and backwards)

wireless controller (Bluetooth)

USB mini port and cable for wired play and automatic battery charging

Unit 5

Exercise 1. Study the following information. Do the tasks below.

Suffixes

Suffixes change the class of the root word. For example, by adding the suffix -al, the noun digit is changed into the adjective digital. Suffixes can help you tell if a word is a noun, an adjective or a verb.

Common adjectival suffixes are: -y, -able, -ible, -ive, -al, -ed,

-ful, -ic, -less, -ing

Common noun suffixes are: -er, -or, -ion, -tion, -ation,

-ment, -ness, -ity, -ant, – logy, -ing, -y, -ure, -sion

When using suffixes, always check in your dictionary to see if you need to change any other letters.

scan  scanner (double n)

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Практикум

Exercise 2. Use suitable suffixes to make adjectives or nouns from these words. In some cases, you can make more than one word. Use a dictionary to help you.

1.colour

2.profession

3.photograph

4.wire

5.blur

6.innovate

7.underexpose

Exercise 3. Complete these sentences with the word in brackets and one of these noun suffixes: -tion, -er, -ing, -logy, -ness. Use a dictionary to help you.

1.Kodak is a (manufacture).................... of photographic and imaging equipment.

2.To avoid red eyes, use the camera’s red eye (reduce)

................. feature.

3.(Crop) ................ a photograph means cutting out the parts of an image you don’t need.

4.The (sharp) ...................... of a photograph is a combination of resolution and acutance – the ability to represent clear edges.

5.Digital (techno) ................... is evolving so rapidly that some cameras have a resolution of 12 megapixels – that’s 12 million pixels.

Unit 6

Exercise 1. Study the following information. Write out words/word combinations underlined. Learn them. Do the tasks below.

Connectors

Connectors are linking words and phrases which join ideas and help us organize our writing.

…for instance, they have a wider range of…

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Язык информационных технологий

To begin with, you should take into account that printers vary in

cost...

We use connectors for the following purposes:

giving examples (such as, for instance, for example...)

listing or sequencing (to begin with, then, finally...)

giving reason or cause (since, because...)

indicating addition (and, besides, moreover, in addition, furthermore...)

making contrasts (but, on the other hand, however, although, whereas...)

explaining the results or effects of something (so, as a result, consequently, thus, therefore...)

Exercise 2. Choose the correct word in brackets to complete these sentences.

1.(Although/Consequently) CDs and DVDs are similar in size and shape, their data structure is very different.

2.DVDs hold more data than CDs. The pits burnt into the disc are smaller than on a CD, and the tracks are closer together. (On the other hand/As a result), DVDs can have up to four recording layers.

3.A Blu-ray disc drive costs a lot of money (but/so) you should use it carefully.

4.Blu-ray is expected to replace DVD over the coming years (because/besides) it offers much greater storage capacity.

5.Both Blu-ray (and/in addition) HD-DVD devices are back- ward-compatible with current CDs and DVDs, meaning you can play your old discs on the new players.

6.Sony has invested millions of dollars in the development of Blu-ray technology. The success of Blu-ray is (whereas/therefore) vital for the company’s future.

Exercise 3. Write a paragraph describing the printer(s) you use at home or at work. Try to use some connectors. Think about these aspects: type, speed, resolution, print quality, memory, cost, print consumables (ink cartridges etc.).

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Практикум

Unit 7

Exercise 1. Study the following information. Write out words/word combinations underlined. Learn them. Do the tasks below.

The prefixes e- and cyber-

The e- prefix means electronic, and we add it to activities that take place on computers or online, for example e-business/e- commerce – business conducted over the Internet. Other examples include: e-card, e-learning, e-zine, e-voting, e-signature, e- assessment, e-cash, e-book and e-pal.

There are often spelling variations, with or without a hyphen, so always check your dictionary.

The cyber- prefix comes from cybernetics, and we use it to describe things related to computer networks, for example cybercafé – an internet café. Other examples include: cybercrime, cyberculture, cyberslacker and cyberspace.

8. ............... will revolutionise the way we take exams.

9. ............... can be used on some websites instead of real money to make purchases. It reduces the risk of fraud.

10. An ............ is like the paper version, but in digital form.

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Язык информационных технологий

Тесты

Тест 1

Look at these extracts from various websites. Are the underlined word verbs, nouns, adjectives or adverbs?

1.Click here to begin your download.

a)Verb;

b)Noun;

c)Adjective;

d)Adverb.

2.Download the MP3 file now!

a)Verb;

b)Noun;

c)Adjective;

d)Adverb.

3.Buy now by visiting our store.

a)Verb;

b)Noun;

c)Adjective;

d)Adverb.

4.We will not store your details for more than 14 days.

a)Verb;

b)Noun;

c)Adjective;

d)Adverb.

5.Click here for an online discount.

a)Verb;

b)Noun;

c)Adjective;

d)Adverb.

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Тесты

6.Buy online by clicking here.

a)Verb;

b)Noun;

c)Adjective;

d)Adverb.

Choose the correct verb to complete these collocations.

1. ..................texts

a)send;

b)forward;

c)post.

2.…………….data

a)display;

b)demonstrate;

c)exhibit.

3.…………….calls

a)do;

b)make;

c)have.

4.…………….records

a)guard;

b)keep;

c)do.

5.…………….transactions

a)make;

b)do;

c)carry out.

Look at these extracts from reviews on a consumer website. Which piece of hardware is each extract describing?

1.Available in 15” or 21” models, …

a)flat LCD monitor;

b)keyboard;

c)webcam.

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Язык информационных технологий

2.With both wired and wireless versions to choose from, …

a)DVD drive;

b)mouse;

c)USB port.

3.… you can back up over 4GB of data in minutes.

a)DVD drive;

b)USB port;

c)Printer.

4.…, and the pages per minute increases for black and white jobs.

a)CD;

b)webcam;

c)printer.

5.… surprisingly at this price, it even works in very low light conditions.

a)webcam;

b)printer;

c)keyboard.

Look at these extracts from emails to an online helpdesk. Which type of computer is each person talking about?

1.I dropped it as I was getting out of a taxi, and now it won’t turn on.

a)laptop;

b)desktop PC;

c)mainframe.

2.I lost the stylus. Is it safe to use a pencil to input directly onto the screen?

a)laptop;

b)PDA;

c)Mainframe.

3.As soon as it went offline, every PC on the network crashed.

a)PDA;

b)Mainframe;

c)tablet PC.

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