Английский язык для гуманитарных направлений подготовки. Учебное пособие

Учебное издание

Нестеренко Валерия Геннадьевна

Редактор М.В. Половникова

Технический редактор, компьютерная верстка А.В. Неверова

Обложка С.С. Сизиумова

Подписано к использованию 01.09.2025. Объем данных 6 Мб.

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ВВЕДЕНИЕ

Учебное пособие предназначено для студентов вузов неязыковых направлений подготовки всех форм обучения, и рассчитано на обучение в течение четвертого семестра. Объем материала представляется достаточным для достижения основной задачи пособия — приобретения студентами коммуникативной компетенции общения в сфере будущей профессиональной деятельности (история, литература, педагогика) посредством овладения значениями новых лексических единиц, связанных с типичными ситуациями для всех видов устного и письменного речевого общения в рамках предложенных тем.

Издание состоит из четырех тем («Образование», «Педагогика», «История», «Литература»), каждая из которых включает в себя различные виды речевой деятельности: базовый текстовой материал, работа с лексикой, говорение, чтение, письмо, дополнительное чтение, проверочные задания.

Учебное пособие дает возможность студентам освоить набор необходимых лексических единиц по заданным темам, развивать навыки устной речи, расширить кругозор в области гуманитарных наук, а также осуществлять профессиональную направленность обучения в процессе организации речевого взаимодействия в предполагаемом пространстве языкового общения.

Материалы издания способствуют развитию умений вести диалог, используя оценочные суждения в ситуациях официального общения; читать аутентичные тексты различных стилей: публицистические, художественные, научно-популярные, прагматические, используя основные виды чтения в зависимости от коммуникативной задачи. Задания учебного пособия направ-

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лены на владение навыками общения с представителями гуманитарных профессий из других стран и связаны со специальными дисциплинами и научно-исследовательской работой студента (интеграция дополнительных профессиональных знаний, извлечение профессионально значимой информации из иноязычного текста для подготовки курсовой и выпускной квалификационной работы).

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UNIT 1

EDUCATION

EDUCATION IN RUSSIA

Every citizen of our country has the right to education. This right is guaranteed by the Constitution. It’s not only a right, but a duty too. Every boy and girl must get secondary education.

The public educational system in our country includes preschool education, primary education, secondary and higher education.

Pre-school consists of nurseries and kindergartens. Before going to school children under three attend nurseries. Children from 3 to 6 attend kindergartens. Pre-school education isn’t compulsory — children can get it at home.

Nowadays children in Russia begin school career at the age of 6 or 7. Primary education lasts from the 1st to the 4th forms. The goal of Primary education is to give basic knowledge and skills necessary for usual life: Reading, Writing, Mathematics and Technology. Besides required subjects at school there are such subjects as Music, Physical Training, Drawing, Arts.

School children begin Secondary education (the main course) from the 5th grade and study till the 9th grade. The main course of Secondary school gives students basic knowledge in some major directions of science. There are about 20 subjects at a secondary general school. Among them there are History, Algebra, Literature, Physics, Chemistry, Biology, Geography, Foreign Language, Music, Technology, Physical Training. At the end of the 9th grade pupils must pass exams and receive «Certificate of General Secondary

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Education». After that students can continue their education in the Senior Forms or enter a college or professional (vocational) school.

Senior Forms prepare students for higher educational institutions. At the end of the 11th form students take Unified State Examinations and receive «Certificate of Full Secondary Education».

In the Russian Federation the school education is compulsory. There are various types of Secondary schools: general secondary school, specialized schools, gymnasiums and lyceums.

Educational establishments of higher learning train specialists in different fields. Institutes, Universities and Academies usually have educational programs allowing students to graduate with

Bachelor’s degree (4 years) and Master’s degree (another 1–2 years). Universities and Academies usually have graduate courses which give Master’s, Candidate and Doctoral degrees. Many universities have extra-mural departments and some of them provide distance education. They give their students an opportunity to study without leaving their job.

Education in Russia is free of charge, but there are also private schools and universities where students have to pay for their education. Full-time students of universities and professional colleges get scholarships.

1. Give the Russian equivalents to the words and wordcombinations, learn the vocabulary:

1)to get secondary education;

2)to attend;

3)pre-school education;

4)primary education;

5)compulsory;

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6)skill;

7)major directions of science;

8)Senior Forms;

9)Unified State Examinations;

10)certificate;

11)graduate courses;

12)Bachelor’s degree;

13)Master’s degree;

14)extra-mural department;

15)distance education;

16)free of charge;

17)private school;

18)full-time students;

19)scholarship;

20)required.

2. Put in the right preposition.

1.Every citizen _____ our country has the right ____

education.

2.The right to education is guaranteed ____ the Constitution.

3.Pre-school consists ____ nurseries and kindergartens.

4.Children ____ 3 ____ 6 attend kindergartens.

5.The goal of Primary education is to give basic knowledge and skills necessary ____ usual life.

6.After the 9th grade pupils can continue their education ____

the Senior Forms or enter ____ a college or professional institutions.

7.Educational establishments ____ higher learning train specialists ____ different fields.

8.There is an opportunity to study _____ leaving jobs ____

universities.

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3. Match the words with their definitions. Give the Russian equivalents.

4. Match words 1–8 with words a–h to form collocations, then make sentences using the completed phrases.

5. Correct the sentences:

1.The right to education is guaranteed by the Parliament.

2.Senior Forms prepare students for the job.

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