- •1.2 THEORETICAL INTRODUCTION
- •1.3. WORK SEQUENCE
- •1.4 APPENDIX
- •1.5 TEST QUESTIONS
- •1.6 REFERENCES
- •2 LABORATORY PRACTICUM: EQUILIBRIUM OF HOMOGENEOUS CHEMICAL SYSTEMS
- •2.1 THEORETICAL INTRODUCTION
- •3.1. THEORETICAL INTRODUCTION
- •2.2. TEST QUESTIONS
- •2.3. REFERENCES
- •Limited Mutual Solubility of Liquids
- •Distribution of the Third Component between Two Immiscible Liquids
- •The used research method is titration.
- •Experiment Procedure
- •The used research method is titration.
- •The used research method is titration.
- •Reagents and materials: a 0.05 M (0.1 N) iodine solution in carbon tetrachloride, a 0.001 M sodium thiosulphate (Na2S2O3) solution, and a 1% freshly prepared aqueous solution of starch.
- •3.2. TEST QUESTIONS
- •3.3. TASKS FOR SELF-STUDY
- •=const,
- •Solution. Let us calculate the K values by the equation,
- •Taking a logarithm of both parts of the expression, one finds that
- •b) The following equation should be used for the case of five consecutive extractions:
- •Problems
- •3.4. REFERENCES
- •4.1. THEORETICAL INTRODUCTION
- •4.2. TEST QUESTIONS
- •LABORATORY EXERCISE 10.
- •4.3. APPENDIX
- •4.4. TEST QUESTIONS
- •4.5 REFERENCES
- •1. Explain the term "molecularity of a chemical reaction". Can the molecularity be greater or smaller than the reaction order?
- •4. Upon studying the kinetics of a chemical reaction, the kinetic curves with different concentrations of reagents have been obtained. Which of the methods of determination of the reaction order is most effective in this case?
- •w = k[HCrO4–][3HSO3–]2[H+].
- •Why is the rate of this reaction not proportional to the number of ions of each sort in accordance with the stoichiometric coefficients in the chemical equation?
- •5.2. KINETICS OF COMPLEX CHEMICAL REACTIONS
- •Task 3
- •5.3. REFERENCES
- •6. INDIVIDUAL ASSIGNMENTS. ELECTROLYTE SOLUTIONS
17) Write conclusions on the performed lab work, where the following issues are reflected: a) compare the results and draw a conclusion about the optimal condition of the extraction; b) analyze the value of the index, Ri; c) compare the extracting ability of water and organic solvent on the basis of the value of the distribution coefficient.
3.2.TEST QUESTIONS
1.What is the thermodynamic condition of reaching the equilibrium distribution of a specific component in a biphasic heterogeneous system?
2.For which kind of systems the distribution law is applicable?
3.What is the meaning of the distribution law?
4.What is the mathematical expression of the distribution law in its simplest form?
5.What factors affect the distribution coefficient (constant)?
6.What is the form of the mathematical expression of the partition law, which takes into consideration possible dissociation or association of a distributed substance in different phases?
7.How can be predicted possible association or dissociation of a distributed substance in each phase from the value of the index, n?
8.How the value of the index, n, which takes into account possible association or dissociation of a distributed substance in different phases, is determined experimentally?
9.What causes deviations from the partition law?
10.How does the third substance behave between two immiscible solvents?
11.What does extraction means?
12.What are quantitative characteristics of extraction?
13.Which of the extraction procedures with the same amount of extracting agent is more efficient, single or multiple? Why?
14.How should extraction be carried out in order to achieve full separation of the extracted substance by a certain volume of solvent?
15.Where is extraction used?
16.How can optimal extracting agent be chosen?
17.How is a good solvent for extractions chosen?
18.Why is water added for titration? Does it matter what is the amount of added water?
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