BRUSH UP YOUR ENGINEERING SKILLS (Robotics, Mechatronics, Automation). Учебное пособие
.pdfМИНИСТЕРСТВО НАУКИ И ВЫСШЕГО ОБРАЗОВАНИЯ РОССИЙСКОЙ ФЕДЕРАЦИИ
Федеральное государственное автономное образовательное учреждение высшего образования «ЮЖНЫЙ ФЕДЕРАЛЬНЫЙ УНИВЕРСИТЕТ»
Инженерно-технологическая академия
Т. А. НЕЧАЕВА О. И. ЖДАНЬКО
BRUSH UP YOUR ENGINEERING SKILLS
(Robotics, Mechatronics, Automation)
Учебное пособие
Ростов-на-Дону – Таганрог Издательство Южного федерального университета
2024
1
Содержание
УДК 811.111’36(075.8)
ББК 81.432-2я73
Н59
Печатается по решению кафедры иностранных языков Института управления в экономических, экологических и социальных системах Южного федерального университета (протокол № 10 от 11 мая 2023 г.)
Рецензенты:
кандидат педагогических наук, доцент кафедры иностранных языков Института управления в экономических, экологических и социальных системах Южного федерального университета О. А. Заблоцкая
кандидат филологических наук, профессор кафедры английского языка факультета иностранных языков ТИ имени А. П. Чехова
(филиал) РГЭУ (РИНХ) Е. Е. Дебердеева
Нечаева, Т. А.
Н59 BRUSH UP YOUR ENGINEERING SKILLS (Robotics, Mechatronics, Automation) : учебное пособие / Т. А. Нечаева , О. И. Жданько ; Южный федеральный университет. – Ростов-на-Дону ; Таганрог : Издательство Южного федерального университета, 2024. – 108 с.
ISBN 978-5-9275-4582-7
Данное учебное пособие предназначено для студентов 2, 3, 4 курсов СПО по образовательным программам 15.02.10 Мехатроника и мобильная робототехника (по отраслям) и 15.02.11 Техническая эксплуатация и обслуживание роботизированного производства. В пособии содержится информация об истории, современном состоянии и перспективах развития робототехники, мехатроники, автоматизации, а также дана краткая информация об устройстве роботов, сенсорных устройствах, видах роботов и их применении.
Система упражнений направлена на контроль, понимание и закрепление лексики текстов. В пособии представлены различные упражнения, а также задания по написанию краткой аннотации.
Данное учебное пособие также может быть использовано студентами других направлений подготовки и специальностей, широким кругом лиц не только на занятиях в аудитории, но и для самостоятельной работы дома.
УДК 811.111’36(075.8) ББК 81.432-2я73
ISBN 978-5-9275-4582-7
© Южный федеральный университет, 2024 © Нечаева Т. А., Жданько О. И., 2024 © Оформление. Макет. Издательство
Южный федеральный университет, 2024
2
СОДЕРЖАНИЕ
ПРЕДИСЛОВИЕ ………………………………………………………… |
5 |
UNIT 1. ENGINEERING ………………………………………………… |
6 |
Text 1. What is Engineering ……………………………………………... |
6 |
Text 2. Types of Engineering ……………………………………………. |
14 |
UNIT 2. MECHATRONICS ……………………………………………... |
21 |
Text 1. Mechanical Engineering in Mechatronics ………………………. |
21 |
Text 2. What is Mechatronics ……………………………………………. |
28 |
UNIT 3. ROBOTICS ……………………………………………………... |
33 |
Text 1. The History of Robotics …………………………………………. |
33 |
Text 2. How do Robots Work? ………………………………………….. 40
Text 3. History of Robotics ……………………………………………… |
45 |
UNIT 4. AUTOMATION ………………………………………………… |
50 |
Text 1. History of Automation in Manufacturing ………………………… |
50 |
Text 2. The Evolution and History of Automation ……………………….. |
58 |
EXTRA READING TEXTS …………………………………………….. 66 |
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Text 1. Meet Robodog …………………………………………………… |
66 |
Text 2. News Reading Robot ……………………………………………. 68
Text 3. Robot Teachers ………………………………………………….. |
69 |
Text 4. An Unusual Teacher ……………………………………………... |
70 |
Text 5. Who Hid Rocky Robot with a Virus …………………………….. |
71 |
Text 6. The Best Robot …………………………………………………... |
73 |
Text 7. Robot Birds ……………………………………………………… |
75 |
Text 8. Describing robots (1) ……………………………………………. |
76 |
Text 9. Describing robots (2) …………………………………………….. |
76 |
Text 10. Robots ………………………………………………………….. |
76 |
Text 11. History of Ancient Robots ……………………………………… |
78 |
Text 12. Myths Featuring Ancient Robots ………………………………. |
80 |
Text 13. Ancient Robots ………………………………………………… |
82 |
Text 14. Do you know that…? …………………………………………... |
83 |
TESTS ……………………………………………………………………. |
84 |
Test 1. Mechatronics and Robotics Questions …………………………… |
84 |
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3 |
Содержание
Test 2. Robotics …………………………………………………………. 86
DISCUSSION …………………………………………………………….. 98
1.Beginner ESL Questions about Robotics ……………………………... 98
2.Intermediate ESL Questions about Robotics ………………………….. 98
3.Advanced ESL Questions about Robotics ……………………………. 99
VOCABULARY …………………………………………………………. 101
СПИСОК ЛИТЕРАТУРЫ ……………………………………………… 106
4
ПРЕДИСЛОВИЕ
Настоящее учебное пособие предназначено для студентов 2, 3 и 4 курсов СПО направлений 15.02.10 Мехатроника и мобильная робототехника (по отраслям) и 15.02.11 Техническая эксплуатация и обслуживание роботизированного производства. Учебное пособие состоит из следующих тематических разделов:
1.Инженерия.
2.Мехатроника.
3.Робототехника.
4.Автоматизация.
Указанная тематика расширена включением в пособие дополнительных текстов и тестов.
Каждый раздел пособия включает тексты соответствующей тематики для изучающего и ознакомительного чтения, а также упражнения и задания, направленные на контроль, понимание и закрепление лексики текстов. В пособии представлены различныезадания по написанию краткой аннотации, упражнения типа вопрос-ответ.
Контроль усвоения лексического материала проводится в виде монологического высказывания по схеме, в форме аннотации, высказывании собственного мнения.
Упражнения рассчитаны как на аудиторные занятия, так и на самостоятельное выполнение.
Авторы выражают особую признательность рецензентам за ценные советы и замечания в работе над пособием.
В списке литературы представлен полный перечень использованных источников.
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Unit 1. Engineering
UNIT 1
ENGINEERING
Text 1: What is Engineering?
Engineering is a broad discipline that encompasses the application of scientific and mathematical principles to design, develop, and improve technological solutions for practical problems. It involves a combination of creativity, critical thinking, and technical expertise to address complex challenges and create innovative solutions that benefit society. At its core, engineering is about problem-solving.
Engineers analyze problems, identify needs, and propose effective solutions by leveraging their knowledge of mathematics, physics, and other scientific principles. They apply their expertise to design structures, systems, machines, processes, and software that meet specific requirements and fulfill desired objectives.
Engineers play a vital role in driving innovation and progress. They are responsible for developing new products, improving existing systems, and finding ways to make processes more efficient. Their work extends to diverse areas such as transportation, infrastructure, energy, manufacturing, healthcare, communication, and environmental sustainability.
Engineering is inherently problem-solving-oriented, aiming to find creative and efficient solutions to complex challenges. Engineers apply analytical thinking, scientific methods, and technical expertise to identify and address problems, leading to innovation and improved outcomes for businesses.
Engineers play a pivotal role in enhancing existing products and processes. Through their expertise, they optimize designs, materials, and manufacturing methods to improve product performance, quality, and reliability. They also analyze and streamline processes to increase efficiency, reduce costs, and enhance productivity.
Efficiency is a key driver of business success, and engineering contributes significantly to achieving cost reduction and operational efficiency. Engineers analyze workflows, identify bottlenecks, and implement strategies to streamline operations, minimize waste, and maximize resource utilization. This results in improved profitability and competitiveness for businesses.
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Text 1: What is Engineering?
Engineering involves comprehensive risk assessment and management to mitigate potential hazards and uncertainties. Engineers identify potential risks, conduct thorough analyses, and develop strategies to minimize and manage risks effectively. This proactive approach ensures the safety, reliability, and sustainability of business operations.
Design-thinking is a human-centered approach to problem-solving that emphasizes empathy, creativity, and iterative development. It involves understanding user needs, generating ideas, prototyping, and testing solutions to arrive at effective outcomes.
Systems thinking involves understanding the interrelationships and interactions within complex systems. Engineers consider the holistic perspective of systems to optimize performance, efficiency, and sustainability. Integration involves combining different components and subsystems to create a cohesive and functional system.
Prototyping is an essential part of the engineering process, allowing engineers to create tangible representations of ideas and concepts. Through prototyping, they can test and refine designs, gather feedback, and ensure that products and systems meet requirements and specifications.
Engineering emphasizes the importance of quality control and assurance to ensure that products, processes, and systems meet the desired standards. Engineers implement rigorous testing, inspection, and quality management practices to deliver reliable and high-quality outcomes.
Effective project management is crucial in engineering to ensure the successful execution of projects. Engineers utilize project management principles, tools, and methodologies to plan, coordinate, and control project activities, ensuring that objectives are met within budget and timeline.
Artificial intelligence (AI) and machine learning (ML) are revolutionizing engineering. They enable automation, predictive modeling, data analysis, and de- cision-making based on vast amounts of information. AI and ML have applications across various engineering disciplines, enhancing efficiency, accuracy, and innovation.
The Internet of Things (IoT) involves connecting devices, sensors, and systems to exchange data and enable remote monitoring and control. IoT technologies find applications in industrial automation, infrastructure management, and smart cities. They offer opportunities for efficiency improvements, predictive maintenance, and real-time insights.
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Unit 1. Engineering
Robotic systems and automation technologies are transforming industries by performing tasks with speed, precision, and consistency. They are utilized in manufacturing, logistics, healthcare, and other sectors. Robotics and automation enhance productivity, safety, and operational efficiency.
Blockchain technology provides secure, transparent, and decentralized systems for data storage, transactions, and verification. It has implications for supply chain management, digital identity, and cybersecurity. Blockchain enhances trust, traceability, and data integrity in various business applications.
Advancements in engineering are driving the development and adoption of renewable energy solutions. Engineers contribute to the design, optimization, and integration of renewable energy systems such as solar, wind, and hydroelectric power. These technologies promote sustainability, reduce carbon footprint, and address environmental challenges. (1)
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1. Найти в тексте следующие слова: |
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saɪənˈtɪfɪk |
9 |
rɪˈkwaɪəmənt |
17 |
juːtɪlaɪˈzeɪʃn |
2 |
dɪˈzaɪn |
10 |
əbˈʤektɪv |
18 |
ˈθʌrə |
3 |
ekspɜːˈtiːz |
11 |
vaɪtl |
19 |
ɪnˈʃʊə |
4 |
səˈsaɪətɪ |
12 |
ɪˈfɪʃnt |
20 |
dɪˈzaɪəd |
5 |
ˈfɪɪzɪks |
13 |
daɪˈvɜːs |
21 |
ˈkruːʃəl |
6 |
əˈplaɪ |
14 |
ˈpɪvətl |
22 |
əˈʃʊərəns |
7 |
ˈstrʌkʧə |
15 |
θruː |
23 |
ɑːtɪˈfɪʃəl |
8 |
məˈʃiːn |
16 |
rɪlaɪəˈbɪlɪtɪ |
24 |
saɪbəsɪˈkjʊərɪtɪ |
2. Заполнить таблицу (распределить слова в зависимости от уда-
рения и количества слогов): discipline, encompass, develop, complex, engineer, effective, system, process, product, energy, concept, standard, budget, analysis, accuracy, internet, maintenance, robotic, consistency.
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o o |
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o o |
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o o |
o o o |
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o o o |
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discipline |
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3. Определить, являются ли данные пары слов синонимами или ан- |
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тонимами: |
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1 |
vast |
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huge |
4 |
artificial |
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natural |
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2 |
to enhance |
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to strengthen |
5 |
communication |
dialogue |
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3 |
to generate |
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to destroy |
6 |
accuracy |
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mistake |
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Text 1: What is Engineering?
7 |
success |
achievement |
9 |
complex |
simple |
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8 |
to contribute |
to prevent |
10 |
leveraging |
utilization |
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4. Сопоставить синонимы: |
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1 |
essential |
a |
manmade |
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2 |
transparent |
b |
various |
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3 |
pivotal |
c |
idea |
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4 |
artificial |
d |
important |
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5 |
tangible |
e |
strict |
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6 |
rigorous |
f |
major |
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7 |
diverse |
g |
understandable |
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8 |
concept |
h |
visible |
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9 |
tool |
a |
consumer |
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10 |
application |
b |
method |
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11 |
hazard |
c |
task |
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12 |
maintenance |
d |
essence |
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13 |
approach |
e |
instrument |
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core |
f |
danger |
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15 |
objective |
g |
service |
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16 |
user |
h |
programme |
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17 |
to gather |
a |
to guarantee |
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18 |
to manage |
b |
to collect |
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19 |
to generate |
c |
to expand |
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20 |
to aim |
d |
to enhance |
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to mitigate |
e |
to administer |
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22 |
to improve |
f |
to soften |
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to extend |
g |
to include |
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to ensure |
h |
to create |
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to encompass |
i |
to target |
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5. Сопоставить антонимы: |
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to increase |
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error |
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accuracy |
b |
to worsen |
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to benefit |
c |
to reduce |
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Unit 1. Engineering
4 |
broad |
d |
to damage |
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to improve |
e |
minor |
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hazard |
f |
wide |
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pivotal |
g |
safety |
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8 |
performance |
a |
to destroy |
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9 |
to allow |
b |
similar |
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10 |
to generate |
c |
to reduce |
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11 |
diverse |
d |
inefficiency |
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12 |
success |
e |
insignificant |
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13 |
to extend |
f |
to forbid |
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tangible |
g |
failure |
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6. Найти лишнее слово в ряду: |
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1 |
amount |
number |
quantity |
quality; |
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2 |
to allow |
to prevent |
to enable |
to let; |
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3 |
execution |
failure |
implementation |
realization; |
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4 |
to involve |
to attract |
to withdraw |
to engage; |
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5 |
complex |
easy |
complicated |
difficult; |
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6 |
to fulfill |
to perform |
to implement |
to ensure; |
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7 |
speed |
rate |
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inspection |
velocity; |
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8 |
to utilize |
to apply |
to misuse |
to leverage; |
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9 |
essential |
significant |
vital |
unimportant; |
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10 |
to benefit |
to design |
to profit |
to gain; |
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11 |
communication |
interaction |
requirement |
contact; |
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12 |
to reduce |
to rise |
to grow |
to increase; |
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13 |
vast |
tiny |
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small |
little; |
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14 |
to consider |
to think |
to guess |
to extend; |
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15 |
feedback |
approach |
response |
reaction; |
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16 |
to gather |
to consume |
to spend |
to waste. |
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7. Выбрать подходящий предлог:
at contribute … cost reduction for responsible … effectiveness in interaction … system
of application … different principles
10