Supplementary reading. Учебное пособие

Section 5. Grammar

Exercise 1

Choose the correct verb forms

1.When he learned / had learned the truth, he got / had gotten crazy.

2.When I woke up, a stranger stood / was standing right next to me.

3.The letter never arrived because I wrote / had written the wrong address.

4.Simon returned the money he had borrowed / was borrowing a month ago.

5.While I was shopping / shopped my wallet was / had been stolen.

6.I had waited / had been waiting for already ah hour when the director arrived.

7.On December, 23 I came back from Turkey where I had been / was with 4 friends of mine.

8.Andrew has / had done this test before and found it very easy.

9.Last night while I was sleeping / was slept three men got into our house.

10.I recognized the song because I have / had heard it before.

11.I had been looking / was looking for the leys for 2 hours when I realized that I had been leaving / had left them in the kitchen.

12.I was late for work because I had had waiting / had been waiting for the bus for too long.

13.When I took my phone I saw / had seen that my mother had sent / had been sending me 3 messages.

14.When I discovered the truth I got / had got very upset.

15.When we finally started the dinner I was starving / had been starving for 5 hours.

16.While I had / was having breakfast mother went to the shop to buy some milk.

17.While Jack was travelled / was travelling around the country he caught a very bad cold.

18.Sofia accidentally hit a car while she was driving / drove to work.

19.When I opened the curtains I realized that it was snowing / had been snowing all night.

20.He woke up very early, had brushed / brushed his teeth and cooked / was cooking a quick breakfast.

91

Supplementary reading

Exercise 2

Open the brackets using the correct verb forms

Two weeks ago I 1) ______ (have) a funny experience. In the morning I 2)

_____ (drive) to my office and 3) _____ (spend) a few hours there. Then in the middle of my working day I 4) _____ (have to) leave. Having completed a few things around the town I 5) _____ (return) to the office. When I 6) _____ (came) back, my colleagues 7) _____ (have lunch) – and I eagerly 8) _____ (join) them. During the lunch I 9) _____ (look) through the window – and suddenly 10)

_____ (realize) that I 11) _____ (not see) my car on my favourite parking place. A shocking thought 12) _____ (occur) to me that my car 13) _____ (be stolen)! It 14) _____ (be) something I 15) _____ (be) always afraid of. I 16) _____ (run) out to the yard. Luckily, my car 17) _____ (was) there. I completely 18) _____

(forget), that at lunchtime my favourite parking place 19) _____ (be) occupied and I 20) _____ (park) on the other side of the yard!

Future Continuous и Future Perfect

Future Continuous (Progressive) (будущее длительное) и Future Perfect

(будущее совершенное/законченное) встречаются в употреблении не часто, но помогают выражать мысли более точно и в целом разнообразить свою речь.

Future perfect образуется с помощью will + have + participle 2.

Маркерами времени Future perfect являются, например, следующие слова: by, by the time, by then, before, until / till.

Когда мы используем Future Perfect:

1.Как и другие времена группы Perfect, время Future Perfect связано с результатом, только результат действия относится к определенному моменту в будущем: I will have lost weight by summer.

2.Кроме того, Future Perfect используется для того, чтобы показать что одно действие в будущем произойдет до какого-то другого действия тоже в будущем: I will have completed the task before he comes.

Future Continuous (Progressive) образуется с помощью will + be +

Ving. Маркерами времени для Future Perfect являются, например,

следующие слова – this time tomorrow, this time next weekend, tomorrow at 5 o’clock, tomorrow evening, и т.д.

92

Section 5. Grammar

Future continuous употребляется тогда, когда необходимо сделать акцент именно на длительности действия в будущем. То есть в определённый момент в будущем мы будем в процессе выполнения какого-

то действия: This time next weekend I will be lying on the beach in Nice.

Сравним два примера, которые наглядно покажут разницу между двумя временами.

I will be writing this essay for 2 hours. В этом примере подчеркивается продолжительность действия, которое будет происходить в будущем.

I will have written this essay by the evening. В этом примере говорится о том, что действие уже завершится к какому-то моменту в будущем. https://easyspeak.ru/blog/vsyo-o-grammatike/future-perfect-tense

Exercise 1

Open the brackets

1.When I retire I _____ (travel) around the world.

2.You _____ (know) one thousand words when you finish this English course.

3.This time tomorrow evening we _____ (fly) to Italy.

4.By the time we arrive, the kids _____ (go) to bed.

5.In three years' time, I _____ (graduate) from university.

6.I _____ (clean) our home by the time you come.

7.Unfortunately, the concert _____ (start) when we arrive.

8.We can’t meet tomorrow at 7, because this time I _____ (work).

9.You can call me after 9 a.m. because we _____ (finish) breakfast by then.

10.He _____ (stay) with his parents for several months while his father is in recovery.

11.Come round to us tomorrow. John _____ (cook) pizza.

12.When I arrive at the party everyone _____ (dance).

13.By the time you get home I _____ (clean) all the house.

14.Don’t call me at 8, I _____ (have) dinner at that time.

15.Students _____ (finish) the test by 2 o’clock.

16.Bob _____ (not celebrate) with us, his uncle died.

17.This time tomorrow I _____ (drive) to the sea.

18.Tom _____ (be) in Paris for 3 months by the next weekend.

93

Supplementary reading

19. By Monday I _____ (finish) reading your book. 20.By this time next year they _____ (be married).

Exercise 2

Find and correct mistakes

1.Mike will already have spend all his money by the end of this week.

2.It will probably be rain when I reach London.

3.Don't call me at midnight I will sleeping.

4.My wife will have cooking dinner by the time I get home.

5.Next year we will has been married for 10 years.

6.You can visit us during the first week of August. I won't working then.

7.Will you be started work earlier with your new job?

8.I will have readed this article before you return.

9.If you need to contact me, I will have stayed at the Lion Hotel until Friday.

10.Do you think you will still have done the same job in ten years' time?

Exercise 3

Choose the correct grammar form

1.I will be cooking / will cooked dinner when she leaves.

2.When our party starts, I will made / will be making cocktails and Linda will meeting / will be meeting guests.

3.Next month I will be working / will have worked for this company for 10 years.

4.By the time I arrive in London you will have left / will be leaving – no chance to meet.

5.Although it is a big book you will be reading it / you will have read it by next month.

6.Will your sister be staying / will your sister have stayed with us during her holiday in June?

7.I saw the weather forecast – it will be raining / it will have rained all day tomorrow.

8.All your future life I will have watched you / will be watching you.

9.When I come home my dog will be sleeping / will have slept as usual.

10.By next month you will be receiving / will have received this job.

94

Section 5. Grammar

Used to, would, be/get used to, would Конструкция used to do smth

Конструкция used to в английском языке используется, чтобы рассказать о действии, которое имело обыкновение происходить или часто повторялось в прошлом, но на данный момент уже не происходит. При переводе предложений на русский язык обычно добавляют слово «раньше» или «бывало».

I used to have play football when I was a little boy. Now I don’t. – У

раньше играл в футбол, когда был маленьким мальчиком. Теперь я не играю.

С помощью конструкции used to мы рассказываем о привычках, которые были в прошлом.

John used to smoke much. – Джон раньше много курил.

Вопросительные и отрицательные предложения с used to строятся, как и обычные вопросительные и отрицательные предложения времени Past Simple с помощью вспомогательного глагола did.

Where did Tom use to play football? – Где Том обычно играл в футбол?

John didn’t use to smoke. – Джон раньше не курил.

Глагол would, как и конструкция used to, выражает повторяющееся действие в прошлом. Однако would употребляется только в том случае, когда есть привязка к какому-то конкретному времени.

Every time Sarah came, we would play X-box for hours. – Каждый раз,

когда приходила Сара, мы часами играли в X-box.

Глагол would добавляет оттенок ностальгии, теплые воспоминания о прошлом, о каких-то действиях, которые повторялись снова и снова.

Every summer I would live in a country house with my grandparents. I would go fishing every morning. After that I would climb the tall old oak near the house. I would sit in the tree and read a book almost all day long. – Каждое лето я жил в домике у бабушки и дедушки. Я ходил рыбачить по утрам. После этого я забирался на большой старый дуб возле дома. Я сидел на дереве и целый день читал книгу.

Конструкции to be used to и to get used to

Конструкция be used to описывает привычку, которая уже сформировалась, а get used to – процесс приобретения привычки. После

95

Supplementary reading

конструкций be used to и get used to используется глагол с окончанием -ing, существительное или местоимение.

They are used to working in such conditions. – Они привыкли работать в таких условиях.

It’s hard but I’m getting used to it. – Это тяжело. Но я привыкаю к этому.

I am getting used to my new flat. – Я привыкаю к своей новой квартире. Get used to (в прошедшей форме) и be used to (в настоящей форме)

взаимозаменяемы, если мы говорим о привычке, которая уже сформировалась.

I got used to wearing this stupid uniform. = I am used to wearing this stupid uniform. – Я привык носить эту дурацкую форму. https://englex.ru/difference-between-used-to-would-be-used-to-and-get-used-to/

Exercise 1

Put the words in the right order to make sentences

1.used – we – France – in – to – live

2.getting – I’m – to – here – living – now – used

3.gym – get – I’ll – to – used – to – going – the – soon

4.hair – blonde – she – have – to – used

5.neighbor – I’m – used – not – my – to – new

6.quickly – they – countryside – used to – got – in – to – the – living – very

7.used to – Mel – home – work – walking – from – is

8.can’t – Sam – divorce – used to – living – after – get – alone

Exercise 2

Complete the sentences with the correct forms of used to/be used to/get used to. Use negative forms where necessary

1.When Kate moved to England, she couldn’t ________________ British accent.

2.I know Mary, we _________________ go to the same cooking class.

3.We _________________ local food, it’s too spicy.

4.It’s difficult for American drivers to ________________ driving on the left side of the road in Britain.

96

Section 5. Grammar

5.Have you seen Sam’s new car? Before he got it, he’d

________________ get to work by bus.

6.Working overtime isn’t a problem for me. I __________________ it. I did the same at my previous job.

7.When Tina lived with her parents, she __________________ have a big house, but now she lives in a small room and she finds it difficult

___________________ it.

8.I _______________ working in this company very quickly, people are very friendly here.

9.When he was younger, Mike ___________________ go camping a lot. But now he does it very often and enjoys it so much.

10.I don’t like going to the discos because I __________________ that kind of music.

Exercise 3

Complete the sentences with the correct forms of used to/be used to/get used to. Use negative forms where necessary

1.Harry_______________ play the piano, but he gave it up some time ago.

2.At first getting up at 6 am was horrible, but now _____________it.

3.It took me some time to ____________ getting up at 6 am, now it’s not a problem.

4.When I first started to live in Spain, it took me ages ___________ the hot summers.

5.When I was a youngster, I ___________ read books all the time.

6.As a child I ______________ learning now, however, I find it a struggle.

7.My wife insists on listening to opera music, it _________ drive me mad, these days I_____________ it, so I don’t get angry.

8.My boss is always giving me extra work to do, at first it was a real problem, nowadays I____________ it and I do what I can.

9.My English teacher is from the midlands and has a strange accent it took me a while to______________ the way he spoke.

10.My grandmother________________ cook on an open fire, she tried to teach my mum but she couldn’t ____________ it.

97

Supplementary reading

11.I will _______________ watching TV in German, it is so hard to understand.

12.When you go to England, it may take you some time __________

driving on the other side of the road.

13.I ____________________ studying every day, although I don’t like it.

14.My son is slowly ___________ living in a small village.

15.My whole class ____________ our maths teacher shouting when we made mistakes.

16.He isn’t sure if he will ever __________ working overseas.

17.I _____________ hate wearing glasses until I realised I could see well.

18.While he is cooking, he _________ following the instructions.

19.I have always loved going to school, my sister on the other hand

___________ hate it.

20.When I bought my first smart phone, it took such a long time before I

__________ using it.

https://www.intercambioidiomasonline.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/06/ grammar_-used-to-be-used-to-get-used-to.pdf

98

Список литературы

21.http://grammar-tei.com/narrative-tenses-vremena-ispolzuemye-dlya- povestvovaniya-pravila-i-uprazhneniya/ стр.106.

22.https://easyspeak.ru/blog/vsyo-o-grammatike/future-perfect-tense стр. 109.

23.https://englex.ru/difference-between-used-to-would-be-used-to-and-get-used- to/ стр. 112.

24.https://www.intercambioidiomasonline.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/06/ grammar_-used-to-be-used-to-get-used-to.pdf. стр. 115.

100