Legal English. Practicing core skills = Английский язык для юристов профессиональные навыки. Учебное пособие по английскому языку

Ex. 9

Translate some parts of the sentences into English:

1.Пересечениеграницы isthe most risky stage ofdrug trafficking.

2.The methods, most often used by контрабандистами discovered by органами патрульной полиции, can be divided into several types.

3.Контрабандисты can conceal narcotic в багаже, под одеждой, вобуви, закладываяихвпотайныеместаin cars, lorries and carriages of trains.

4.Within the international experience there are три основных метода борьбы with drug trafficking and its последствиями.

5. Restriction measures include укрепление пограничного

и таможенного контроля.

6.Последствия of a drug drive conviction are разрушительные and far reaching.

7.Любое осуждение за преступление, связанное с нарко­ тиками may mean encountering difficulties при получении разрешения на въезд countries such as the USA.

Helpful phrases for use

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Ex. 10

Discuss in small groups, the following issues:

–What ways of preventing or reducing drug-related crimes might be effective by your opinion?

–How do you think: could the problem of legalization of some drugs help improve the situation in the sphere of drug offences?

–What way of social adaptation of addicts can you offer?

Ex. 11

Studying the information from the site answer the following questions:

https://www.citizensinformation.ie/en/justice/criminal_law/criminal_offences/

1.What are the main drug offences under which criminal charges are brought?

2.When was CriminalAssets Bureau established?

3.What methods do Local Drugs Units police apply to prevent drug offences?

4.What is the punishment for possession of a controlled drug with the intention of selling it illegally?

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Substance_abuse

1.What does the term drug abuse refer to?

2.Find some information about so called “controlled substance”.

3.What kind of punishment can be inflicted for a simple possession of drugs?

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Prohibition_of_drugs

1.When did the prohibition of drugs begin?

2.What do we mean when speaking about the Black Market?

3.Do many governments criminalize the possession of a limited quantity of certain drugs for personal use?

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injury – 1) вред, ущерб; 2) телесное повреждение proximate cause – непосредственная причина

invasionofprivacy–вторжениевчастнуюжизньдругоголица gross negligence – грубая небрежность

last concession – последняя уступка

Ex. 1

Overview and listen to the video fragment “Tort Law project: Intro to Negligence” and do the activities.

https://yandex.ru/video/preview/16306784430086089631

Ex. 2

Answer the following questions:

1.What are the basic elements of negligence case?

2.What cases can involve some form of negligence?

3.What is duty?

4.How can a lawyer prove that the defendant breached the duty?

5.What is proximate cause?

6.What damages can a defendant pay for?

7.When can a spouse file to last concession?

8.What are special damages?

9.What are punitive damages?

Ex. 3

Give the explanation of the following word-combinations:

Legal malpractice, to act improperly or negligently, to violate the rules, to obey the rules, to be liable to smb, to force smb to do smth, to sue for smth.

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Ex. 4

Chose the right definition for the following legal terms:

Finish the following statements:

1.Negligence refers to …

2.The two chief categories of torts are …

3.The core element in an intentional tort is ...

Ex. 6

Give the English for:

телесноеповреждение;иметьобязанность,долгпередкем-ли- бо; ущерб, убытки: генеральные убытки, штрафные убытки, фактические убытки; возместить убытки; причинить вред; недобросовестная медицинская практика; грубая небрежность; правовая обязанность.

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Ex. 7

Read the text below and answer the following questions:

1.What is the general object of tort law?

2.What are the main subdivisions of torts?

3.Name the main aspect of tort law.

4.What situations do usually claims of negligence come from?

5.What is nuisance?

6.What is defamation?What are the two main aspects of defamation?

Concept 1

Tort law basically protects people or individuals who have been caused injury of any sort by other parties and seeks to get compensation for the injured parties. Under this there are many categories of torts that are there as legal disciplines. There is one traditional way of dividing them into two sub divisions of Negligence Torts and Intentional Torts.

One of the main aspects of tort law is that of negligence. Here one can claim damages or even injunction relief. In these cases, the legal rights and the property of people are protected and also financial interests as well. Usually such claims of negligence come from situations like automobile accidents, and even cases where the party was injured personally some way or another. Another cause in negligence cases is that of product liability as well. Now comes the intentional torts as well. In these cases of intentional torts there are torts which develop over land occupation and disputes over that. Among these intentional torts, there is the tort of nuisance where a neighbour interferes with his neighbor’s property. Then there is the aspect of trespass which provides for those who would like to sue a party for an invasion on to their private property in anyway what so ever. There is a false imprisonment tort and also a defamation tort where someone makes a charge or a statement about someone else which is not supported by evidence and yet can be damaging to the other person’s reputation.

The nuisance torts use the legal definition of nuisance which has three meanings. Firstly a nuisance is an activity which can be damag-

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ing to others. Secondly the harm which is causes as a result of the activity also falls under the nuisance. And thirdly, it is the legal liability which emerges as a result of the two aforementioned conditions.

The defamation torts are growing increasingly common. This basically implies wrecking somebody’s reputation by passing baseless allegations against that person. There are two aspects of defamation and those are slander and libel. Slander is the kind of defamation that is verbal while libel is in media which can be print or even broadcast. There are many actions that are classified under the defamation torts and these include misappropriation of publicity, invasion of privacy, and disclosure.

Give the translation of the marked legal terms.

Ex. 8

Give a short summary of this text in writing.

Concept 2

Studying the following scheme, try to retell it.

KINDS OF TORTS

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Ex. 9

Fill in the necessary legal terms:

a)_______ a breach of duty towards people generally. tort

b)_______ financial compensation for loss or injury. damages

c)_______ a civil wrong or private injury not based in contract law. tort

d)_______ a legal obligation, the breach of which can result in liability. duty

e)_______ wrong-doing; neglect of duty. Malpractice.

f)_______ a person, who brings an action at law. Plaintiff.

g)_______ law or custom which guides or controls behaviuor or action. Rule.

Ex. 10

Translate the fragments of the following sentences into English:

1.Duty is a правовая обязанность when a person owes to another.

2.Непосредственная причина is a factual direct link between what the defendant did or failed to do and injuries of the plaintiff.

3.Последняя уступка takes place where the spouse подает иск на the defendant for причинение телесных повреждений to the husband, and because the husband is injured he can’t perform the activity he did before несчастного случая.

4.Фактические убытки are damages that are directly related to injury and выражаются в определенном долларовом эквиваленте.

5.Штрафныеубытки,thatthecourtвзыскиваетснамерением наказать ответчика.

Studying the information from the sites answer the following questions: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Negligence

1.What does the term negligence mean?

2.Are the notions negligence and carelessness identical ones?

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