Legal English. Practicing core skills = Английский язык для юристов профессиональные навыки. Учебное пособие по английскому языку
.pdfSection 2
FAMILY LAW
(Judicial Proceeding)
Preliminary text
Family Law is the general term used to refer to the various actions regarding marital relationships and relationships between parents and children, as well as violence between family, friends or acquaintances. Many situations arise in the family where the law needs to be called upon. Family law encompasses all family-related issues and inparticular deals with strained relationships. Perhaps the biggest aspect offamily law is concerned with divorce – regrettably many relationships end bitterly and the law has to intervene.Another major part of family law is making provisions for children, in particular those who find themselves in limbo after their parents’relationship has broken down.
Core Vocabulary
assumption – предположение
arranged marriage – брак по договоренности, по расчету at birth – при рождении
to acquire – приобретать break down – развалиться custody – опека
child benefit – пособие на ребенка capacity – способность
to claim – претендовать
to sue smb – возбуждать дело против кого-л. decree of divorce – постановление суда о разводе duress – принуждение
to be entitled to – иметь право
to encompass – охватывать, окружать financial standing – материальное положение
to hold smb liable – считать ответственным кого-л. intervention – вмешательство
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to issue an application – подать заявление, прошение
limbo – 1) неизвестность, состояние неопределенности; 2) заточение, тюрьма
obligations – обязательства
parental arrangement – договоренность между родителями revert – возвращаться
seizure – захват, похищение
separation agreement – раздельное проживание супругов shortage – недостаток, нехватка
sole purpose – единственная цель unfair – несправедливый
Ex. 1
Read the dialog on p. 49 and be ready answer the questions from Ex. 2
Ex. 2
Answer the following questions:
1.Why did Mr. Montez intend to adopt his niece?
2.Who was awarded legal guardianship of Lengsten Wild?
3.How many years didn’t Mr. Montez see his relatives?
4.Who did Ms. Wild want to live with and why?
5.What was the opinion of Mr. Montez’s lawyer concerning the case?
6.What was the decision of the judge? How did he explain his decision?
Ex. 3
Find the English equivalents for the words and word-combinations given below.
хранить связь с семьей, опека над кем-либо, усыновить (удочерить кого-либо), заявление стороны, принять что-либо во внимание, пересмотреть материал, вынести решение, ска-
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зать заранее, влиятельное лицо, истец (проситель), заботиться о ком-либо, быть отстраненным от дела, быть благодарным.
Ex. 4
The following sentences cover some excerpts from the main area of Family law. Point out the area relating to each sentence.
a) adoption |
c) marriage |
e) child custody |
b) divorce |
d) children’s rights |
f) protection from abuse |
1.The process by which a legal parent-child relationship is created between individuals not biologically parent and child.
2.Acontract based upon a voluntary private agreement by a man and a woman to become husband and wife.
3.As a result of this both parties’status becomes single again.
4.Children are generally afforded the basic rights embodied by the constitution.
5.The parents of a child born within a marriage are joint guardians of that child and rights of both parents are equal.
6.A civil order that provides protection from harm by family or household members, sexual or intimate partners or persons who you have a child in common with.
Ex. 5
Point out the right meaning of the word given below which is used in the text:
a) |
to adopt – |
усыновлять |
|
|
принимать |
|
to review – |
усваивать |
b) |
пересматривать |
|
|
|
проводить |
|
to deliver – |
рецензировать |
c) |
доставлять |
|
|
|
принимать |
|
|
наносить |
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Ex. 6
Give the definitions of the following legal terms:
Marriage …
Divorce …
Child Custody …
Ex. 7
Explain the following notions
a)to preserve the family connections;
b)to be placed in the custody of somebody;
c)parental responsibility.
Ex. 8
What skills are necessary for a lawyer to practice in the area of family law? Let’s imagine that you are an experienced lawyer in some area of law. Try to represent yourself and your professional skills using the information below:
Family law attorneys must possess the skills of a litigator and negotiator. Time management skills are a must as the practice of law in the family area is very interrupt driven. It is very helpful to develop counseling skills as you will be dealing with people going through a very emotional time in their lives.
Ex. 9
Translate some parts of the sentences into English:
1.I’m specialized in семейному праву.
2.Семейное право – это область of law, that касается family relations.
3.I frequently имею дело с различными проблемами, such as опеканадребенком, поддержкаоднимсупругомдругого, право на посещение ребенка, оставленного судом у одного из супругов, другим супругом.
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4.Custody разделяется на две категории: physical custody and legal one.
5.Законное попечение relates to the right принимать решение about the safety and благосостояние ваших детей.
Ex. 10
Studying the information from the sites answer the following questions: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Family_law
1.What is family law? What legal problems does family law deal with?
2.What courts in the USAtry the family issues?
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fathers%27_rights_movement
1.What is the fathers’rights movement?
2.Who are the members o this movement?
3.Why did they join the movement?
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Child_custody
1.What do the terms child custody and guardianship mean?
2.What do the notions of residence and contact mean?
3.When do residence and contact issues arise?
4.What other issues do the courts usually try?
5.Can you explain the notions of a) sole custody;
b) joint custody; c) split custody.
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Section 3
CRIMINAL LAW
(Drug Trafficking Offences)
Criminal Law deals with matters relating to investigation, prosecution, and punishment of crimes, including specific crimes such as homicide and drug-related crimes, and lesser offenses such as parking and traffic violations.
The role of the police
The police have many functions in the legal process. Though they are mainly concerned with criminal law, they may also be used to enforce judgment made in civil courts. As well as gathering information for offences to be prosecuted in the courts, the police have wide powers to arrest, search and question people suspended of crimes and to control the actions of members of the public during public demonstrations and assemblies.
These lollipops were found to contain heroin when inspected by the US DEA
Controlled drugs
Dangerous drugs are subject to criminal relations. In the Misuse of Drugs Act 1971 these are grouped in three classes: A, B and C. Class A is the most dangerous and includes opium and its natural and synthetic derivatives (e.g. morphine and heroin), cocaine, and Ecstasy. Class B includes amphetamines and C – the least dangerous class – includes anabolic steroids, benzodiazepine antidepressants and cannabis. It is an offence to possess a controlled drug or to supply or offer it to another.
Core Vocabulary
drug related crime – преступления, связанные с наркотиками drug trafficking – торговля наркотиками
to reveal drugs – обнаружить наркотики
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to track down criminals – выслеживать преступника to bring smb to trial – привлекать кого-либо к суду
to receive a suspended jail sentence – получить условный тю-
ремный срок
a fine of … – штраф в размере … to claim smth – утверждать что-л.
to deny doing smth – отрицать что он/она делал(а) что-л. permission – разрешение
to cuff – надевать наручники concealment – сокрытие, укрывательство a smuggler – контрабандист
drug misuse – неправомерное использование наркотиков inevitable effect – неизбежный результат
to constitute danger – представлять опасность
to reduce consumption of drugs – сократить потребление нар-
котиков
illicit – незаконный, недозволенный to observe strictly – строго соблюдать
Ex. 1
Overview and listen to the video fragment “Police Chase In Butts County Georgia”
https://yandex.ru/video/preview/2374888995269018727
Ex. 2
Answer the following questions:
1.What is Chad Payne?
2.What did he ask the driver about on the road?
3.What made him suspicious while questioning the driver?
4.Did Payne find anything in the cab?
5.Where did Payne find the drug?
6.Did the deputies cuff the driver on the spot?
7.Did the suspect admit his guilt?
8.What was the suspect charged with?
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Ex. 3
Give the Russian for:
Drug trafficking, a smuggler, a special tactics, to modify strategy and techniques, masking drugs, concealment, an accessory, consequences, restriction measures, customs control, prevention, consumption of drugs, a drug drive conviction, the driving license, car insurance, drug-related conviction.
Ex. 4
Choose the right word or word-combination from the box to complete the sentences below.
Permission; void; to be charge with; deny; suspect; illegal; arrest; cuff.
1.The police formally ______ the suspect in the highway.
2.______ may ask for release from custody before the trial.
3.The police investigate a serious traffic offense and _____ a suspect.
4.The suspect _____ trafficking marijuana.
5.But even with all the evidence the suspect _____ everything.
6.The deputies _____ the suspect.
7.It’s obvious that these buckets aren’t all _____.
8.With the driver’s _______ the suspect begins his inspection.
Ex. 5
Match these definitions with words from the box:
to deny void cuff-links a suspect permission arrest
1.Used for fastening hands.
2.Alicense to do a thing; an authority to do an act which without such authority would have been unlawful.
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3.To refuse to acknowledge something; to disclaim connection with or responsibility for an action or statement.
4.An exercise of the power to deprive a person of his or her liberty; the taking or keeping of a person in custody by legal authority, especially, in response to a criminal charge.
5.The generic name for the defendant in a criminal case.
6.That which is null and completely without legal force or binding effect.
Ex. 6
Read and translate the text below:
Methods of smuggling and the structure of criminal groups involved
Crossing the border is the most risky stage of drug-trafficking. It makes smugglers to use a special tactics, modify strategy and techniques used.
The methods, most often used by smugglers discovered by law enforcementstructures,canbedividedintothefollowingtypes:1)masking drugs in large lots of transported vegetables and fruits (including inside these products), industrial goods and raw materials; 2) concealment inside human bodies (swallowing etc.); 3) concealment in baggage, under clothes and inside the shoes; 4) fitting up hiding places in cars, lorries and carriages of trains; 5) concealment in packed lots of products and industrial goods, including factory wrapping and built-in hiding places; 6) throwing down drugs before arrival to checkpoints; later accessories pick them up.
Ways of problem solving
Within the international experience there are three main ways of struggle with drug trafficking and its consequences: 1) restriction measures including strengthening of border and customs control; 2) demand reduction programs (social advertising, health protection, active policy towards the youth); 3) harm reduction (prevention of overdosage, AIDS, and other diseases directly or indirectly caused by narcomania; social protection of drug addicts etc.) that means control over consumption of drugs 3) limited legalization of some drugs.
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The penalties for drug driving
The consequences of a drug drive conviction are devastating and far reaching. The penalties are the same as for drink driving.
They will receive:
–Aminimum 12-month driving ban
–Acriminal record
–Afine of up to £ 5 000
–Furthermore:
There will be a specific record on the driving license for eleven years that details a conviction for drug driving
Ifthe driver isconvicted ofcausing death bydangerous driving, they will receive a prison sentence of up to fourteen years
If they drive for work their employer will see the conviction when they have to produce their license
Car insurance will increase significantly
Any drug-related conviction may mean encountering difficulties getting permission to enter countries such as the USA.
Ex. 7
Answer the following questions:
1.What methods do smugglers usually use for drug trafficking across the border?
2.What are the main ways that the police use to struggle with drug trafficking?
3.What could you offer to prevent drug trafficking?
4.What are the common penalties for drug driving?
Ex. 8
Give the English for:
пересечь границу, органы патрульной полиции (в США), сокрытие наркотиков, социальная защита наркозависимых, кон- трольно-пропускной пункт, запрет на вождение автомобиля, быть осужденным за что-либо, столкнуться с трудностями.
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