Basic English for Engineering Students. Учебное пособие
.pdf2.Setting daily goals. Setting goals every day is very important. Make sure you write down your daily goals on a notepad and stick to them. Prepare your goals for each day the previous night. If you fail to achieve these goals, include the incomplete tasks in your daily routine for the next day. You should always set small daily goals and gradually increase the level each day. Too many goals in one day can interfere with the preparation for exams.
3.Review materials prior going to the university. Students’ daily routines are heavily influenced by academic activities. If you review materials before going to the university, your difficulties will be quickly fixed, difficult concepts will be more straightforward to understand in the class, and your academic performance will develop dramatically.
4.Have a healthy diet. For a student’s overall development, a balanced diet is essential. Students should avoid junk food such as wafers, potato chips, etc. to have a healthy lifestyle.
In addition to supporting student’s immune system and brain growth, a healthy breakfast, lunch, and dinner promotes physical activity, reducing lethargy, and preventing chronic development health problems.
5.Clean up room. Disciplined students keep everything clean and organized. There are a lot of benefits to taking a bath every day. You can benefit from bathing as it improves heart health, allows you to breathe more easily, and your brain and nervous system can be soothed.
Additionally, having a clean space and home improves the nature of the indoor air, increases mental purity, and reduces stress, and housekeeping kills germs.
6.Complete homework on time. When students finish their assignments on time, it helps instill self-discipline and readiness among students and helps them get higher grades at the university, and increases knowledge of the subject.
7.Go to bed early. Students have a daily routine that requires them to go to bed early to wake up early. Good sleep is essential to the development of students. Avoid overnight studying. Early bedtime promotes better sleep in students, improves their cognitive ability, and makes them feel less anxious and stressed.
https://www.theasianschool.net/blog/daily-routine-of-a-student/
2. Make up sentences with these words and word combinations.
To become more productive, the ideal time to study, to maximize the benefits, the morning schedule, the daily routine, must be balanced, healthy goals, academic goals, a range of activities, tasks, to improve their productivity, to wake up, to feel sleepy, concentration, to improve, health, to set daily goals, important, the incomplete tasks, to increase, the preparation for exams, to be heavily influenced by, academic activities, to review materials, difficult concepts, academic performance, to develop, a balanced diet, essential, to avoid
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junk food, to have a healthy lifestyle, to support, brain growth, a healthy breakfast, physical activity, lethargy, to prevent, health problems, to keep clean, to take a bath, heart health, to breathe, to have a clean space, indoor air, to reduce stress, to complete homework, on time, self-discipline, to get higher grades, knowledge, subject, to go to bed, development, overnight studying, to promote, cognitive ability, to feel, anxious.
3. Answer the questions.
1.What household appliances do you use in everyday life?
2.What are your household responsibilities?
3.What does a healthy breakfast, lunch, dinner consist of?
4.There are several hobbies here, which hobbies suit you? Choose several
hobbies or add your own and compose a monologue on the topic.
to play soccer |
to call his girlfriend every night |
to listen to music |
to watch movies |
to play chess |
to go to the movies |
to cook dinner |
to do exercises |
to write in their blogs |
to go to work |
to goes to the university |
to read books |
to play video games |
to spend time with his friends |
to paint |
to do your homework |
to go to the beach |
to go to the gym |
to call your mother |
to visit your parents |
to chat with friends |
to go to the library |
to have lunch together |
to discuss news |
to watch Netflix shows |
to watch YouTube videos |
to create websites |
during the nights |
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to go jogging every morning |
to go shopping |
to surf the internet |
5.Write the list of your good and bad habits.
6.Read text 2 and do the tasks below.
Text 2. BILL GATES’ DAILY ROUTINE
An American business tycoon, a software developer, an author, and a socalled “philanthropist”, Bill Gates is considered by many to be one of the most successful people in the world. He’s also one of the wealthiest.
Here’s a snapshot of his daily routine.
Mornings. Bill Gates supposedly begins his day with an early morning cardio session on the treadmill at the private gym in his Washington estate. It’s said that he works out for about an hour each morning.
After exercising, he catches up on the latest news by reading newspapers like The New York Times, The Wall Street Journal, and the Economist. While he skims through much of the news, he primarily focuses on topics around health.
Afternoons. In the afternoon, Gates is known for dividing the day into intervals of 5 minutes. He jots down the results every 5 minutes and keeps tabs on his plans.
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Gates says that he reads each day. It’s been said that he reads about 50 books every year, which translates to about one book a week. Some of his favorite titles include “Upheaval,” “Nine Pints,” and “How to Lie with Statistics,” which he recommended in 2015.
Gates also tries to spend time with his children. However, now that he and his wife of 27 years, Melinda, have finalized their divorce, it’s unclear what the billionaire’s relationship with his family is like.
Evenings. Bill Gates once reportedly washed the dishes after dinner each night, a household chore that Jeff Bezos also reportedly performed. However, that may have changed since the divorce from his wife.
He also tries to spend time relaxing, meeting with business associates, and perhaps even watching films in the evening.
It’s unclear what time he turns in for the night, but he has said that he gets at least seven hours of sleep a night because failure to do so negatively affects his attention span, alertness, and health.
https://finty.com/us/daily-routines/bill-gates/#:~:text=Gates'%20day%20starts%20with% 20an,hours%20of%20sleep%20a%20night
7. Read text 2 and complete the table. Create the same table for yourself.
Time |
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Bill Gates’ activities |
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Mornings |
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Afternoons |
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Evenings |
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8. Fill the table. What do I do…? |
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Every day |
Every week |
Every month |
Every season |
Every year |
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9. Read text 3 and do the tasks below.
Text 3. MY MORNING ROUTINE AS A BLOGGER
Mornings are my favorite time of day. I’m kind of obsessed with reading about other’s morning hours. (Ooh, on that note, here’s a quick book recommendation: the book Daily Rituals is a fun peak into the daily routines of more than 160 of the greatest philosophers, authors, musicians, and artists from history….it’s a fun read!)
I’m not a full-time blogger; my degrees are in violin performance, so my bread and butter is teaching and playing the violin, and food blogging is a side hustle. Since most of my teaching and gigging happens in the afternoons/evenings and weekends, my morning hours are precious for getting all my blog-related work done. Here’s a pretty normal morning routine for me.
5:37 a.m: alarm goes off. I figured out exactly how much time I need to get out of bed, brush my teeth and wash my face, change clothes, and get to The
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Barre Code for a 6 am class. When I’m not taking a morning workout class, I’ll sleep until about 6:30 or so. I love waking up early because I love those quiet hours of productivity.
6:00–6:50 a.m: barre class! My favorite way to start the day is by slowly warming my body up, then doing resistance training for 50 minutes. I feel invigorated and strong when I’m done with class, so I’m ready to move on to the next thing and have a productive morning.
7:00 a.m: back home, MAKE COFFEE.
I always walk in the door, and immediately turn the kettle on for making a morning cup of coffee. I need my coffee!
7:15: quick shower, put on real people clothes. I usually don’t do hair/makeup yet, but I’ll at least put on jeans and a sweater so I feel semi puttogether. I’m pretty convinced I’m about 10 % more productive when I’m wearing real clothes instead of yoga pants.
7:30 a.m: alignment. This is some form of journaling/meditation/ visualizing/reading. I usually spend 20–30 minutes doing something that just makes me feel good. So, even if I’m busy and have a ton on my to-do list, I’ll try to spend at least a few minutes getting my headspace in order. Sometimes it just means finishing a really good book I’m reading! But other days I’ll be more intentional about doing 10 minutes of mediation on the headspace app to get my mind prepared for the day.
8:00–10:00 a.m: desk time. While I’m working, I’ll usually snack on something like a Siggi’s yogurt, a Kind bar, a smoothie, or a bowl of oatmeal for breakfast.
I’ve been using Omnifocus to make my to-do lists and projects, so I try to start my day by opening that and tackling the next project. A few things I’ll do during this time:
−Admin work for my teaching position (I run my own teaching studio, so I typically have some accounting/scheduling work to do.)
−Answering blog-related emails. It’s a never-ending pile!
−Brainstorming/writing new posts.
−Planning posts to publish on other social channels.
−Edit photos
That’s how I love to start my day! A workout, some alignment, a couple cuddles from my kitten, a kiss from my hubby on his way out the door, and then several hours of focus. AND COFFEE.
https://somuchlife.com/morning-routine-blogger/
10.Ask 10 questions to text 3.
11.Work in pairs. Answer the questions. Make up your own similar dialogue.
What’s your usual day like?
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Do you work six days a week?
Do you combine studies with work?
How many lessons a day do you have?
When and where do you have lunch?
Where do you work?
Is your place of work far from the university?
Do you want to quit this job?
What do you do when you come back home?
12. Read text 4 and do the tasks below.
Text 4. MY DAILY LIFE AS AN ENGINEER
I often get asked by friends, family, and perspective engineers what life is like as an engineer and what my daily life as an engineer looks like.
As a mechanical engineer, my days are always fast and full of new challenges. Of course, every day is a little different, but here is the general structure of a typical day in my life.
Morning Routine 5 a.m. – 6:30 a.m. I’m an early riser (mostly because I need to be) and am up and at it by 5 am.
I start the day by washing my face, putting on some moisturizer (with SPF in the summer), and then I do my hair.
I like to have a big glass of salted electrolyte water. The salty water helps get my body moving and hydrated for the day.
I’ll then spend some time journaling in my five-minute journal (which I have been using for 5 years) about what I’m grateful for, what would make today great, and a daily mantra, which sets a positive tone for the day.
After that, I’ll do some quick stretching to get the blood flowing and help unlock my ribs and neck.
After stretching, I’ll make a cup of coffee for the road and then I head to work. PS: I skip breakfast and usually don’t eat until 10 am-12 pm. I find
intermittent fasting streamlines my day and gives me more mental clarity at work. Commute 5:30 a.m. – 6:30 a.m. During the drive, I love listening to
audiobooks or podcasts. Audiobooks help me learn new things and are a great way to read books in otherwise unproductive time.
Work Routine 6:30 a.m. – 3 p.m. I typically work from 6:30 am until 3 pm, with the first half hour spent organizing my tasks and my team’s priorities.
After my priorities are set, I will answer any urgent emails I didn’t get to from the day before.
My day is dynamic but is always a combination of working with customers, creating new products, working with our production team, reviewing drawings and ideas for my team, improving our systems or ways of doing work, and professional development.
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This combination requires both rapid task switching and uninterrupted deep work. The requirement for both of these is what I struggle with the most. At any one time, I may have 5+ customers trying to get a hold of me, with the same number of team members needing something, all while I am trying to concentrate and do deep work.
The best way I found to handle this is to set aside times for deep work that I let everyone know I am unavailable. Otherwise, I end up going all day bouncing from interruption to interruption: phone call to team’s call to slack messages to email.
Every day is different, and 99 % of them are challenging, but I enjoy the variety in my work and the continuous room for growth.
Evening Routine 3 p.m. – 9 p.m.
Evening Commute: аfter work, I commute home, and depending on how spent I am from the day; I will pick an audiobook to listen to.
Workout Transition: оnce I get home, I like to do some exercise to help me transition from the stress of the day. My favorites are running, CrossFit, or biking, but it could also be swimming at the beach or doing yoga.
Dinner: аfter my workout, I’ll make dinner for myself and my wife. We eat relatively simple but delicious food. 4/5 times it will be a couple of types of veggies and meat.
My all-time favorite is Ribeye Steak with Asparagus and Risotto.
When we are busier, we also use Goodfood which helps drastically cut down the time required for grocery shopping, meal prepping, and decision-making.
Connection Time: my wife and I usually spend some time connecting by playing a game or watching a show together. With have such a full day it can be easy to run out of time so we always priorities spending quality time together.
Blogging And Learning: I’ll also typically spend an hour or two learning a skill or blogging. Sometimes I will have on a book or a video while cooking, which is a great use of otherwise non-productive time. But I also try my best to write daily. This helps me keep up with my blog in a sustainable way.
Bedtime Routine 9 p.m – 9:30 p.m. Engineers are a practical bunch, and I’m no exception. After a long day of work, the last thing I want to do is spend hours winding down.
That’s why my bedtime routine is short and sweet. At about 9 pm, I start stretching out my muscles. After that, I will take a quick shower to wash off the day’s dirt and have some quiet time to think and wind down.
Bedtime 9:30 p.m. – 5 a.m. Finally, it’s time for bed! I like to read for a bit before drifting off to sleep. Typically I will read a book that is informative but not too detailed or too engaging.
Once my eyes start getting heavy, I will drift off to sleep and recharge my mind and body for another day. And there you have my typical day as an engineer.
https://peaklifebrandon.com/my-daily-life-as-an-engineer
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13.Look through the texts of this unit again, find several synonyms and
antonyms.
14.Fill out your daily schedule template.
MORNING (X a.m. to X a.m.): |
AFTERNOON (X p.m. to X p.m.) |
Task 1 |
Task 1 |
Task 2 |
Task 2 |
Task 3 |
Task 3 |
Task 4 |
Task 4 |
Task 5 |
Task 5 |
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MIDDAY (X a.m. to X p.m.) |
EVENING (X p.m. to X p.m.) |
Task 1 |
Task 1 |
Task 2 |
Task 2 |
Task 3 |
Task 3 |
Task 4 |
Task 4 |
Task 5 |
Task 5 |
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15. Find in texts 1–4 words for these definitions.
А.
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Word |
Definition |
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a usual or fixed way of doing things |
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2 |
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an aim or purpose |
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3 |
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a piece of work to be done, especially one done regularly, |
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unwillingly, or with difficulty |
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4 |
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an eating plan in which someone eats less food, or only particular |
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types of food, because they want to become thinner or for medical |
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reasons |
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5 |
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the particular way that a person or group lives and the values and |
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ideas supported by that person or group |
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6 |
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a helpful or good effect, or something intended to help |
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7 |
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a measure of the quality of a student’s performance, usually |
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represented by the letters A (the best) through F (the worst) |
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8 |
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the ability to make yourself do things you know you should do |
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even when you do not want to |
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great worry caused by a difficult situation, or something that causes |
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this condition |
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the resting state in which the body is not active and the mind is |
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unconscious |
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a person whose job is to design or build machines, engines, or |
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electrical equipment, or things such as roads, railways, or bridges, |
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using scientific principles |
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В. |
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Word |
Definition |
1 |
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an exercise machine that consists of a moving strip or two step-like |
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parts on which you walk without moving forward |
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2 |
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information or reports about recent events |
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3 |
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a written text that can be published in printed or electronic form |
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4 |
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the condition of the body and the degree to which it is free from |
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illness, or the state of being well |
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someone who writes a regular record of someone's ideas, opinions, |
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or experiences that is put on the internet for other people to read |
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6 |
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a dark brown powder with a strong flavour and smell that is made |
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by crushing dark beans from a tropical bush and used to make a |
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drink |
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the activity of lifting heavy objects for exercise, especially to |
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improve the strength of the muscles |
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the act of giving your attention to only one thing, either as a |
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religious activity or as a way of becoming calm and relaxed |
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a period of physical exercise |
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10 |
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a piece of planned work or an activity that is finished over a period |
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of time and intended to achieve a particular purpose |
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a set of physical and mental exercises, originally from India, |
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intended to give control over the body and mind |
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16.Find information about a typical day of a famous person and make a presentation about it.
17.Using the Internet, find a video about the working day of different people; write down 15 new words and expressions on the topic. Make up your own sentences with them.
Unit 3
UNIVERSITY LIFE
Vocabulary. Read and remember the following words.
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higher education, a higher |
высшее образование, высшее учебное заведение |
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education institution |
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to go on to higher education |
продолжить образование в высшем учебном заве- |
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дении |
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faculty |
факультет |
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dean |
декан |
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to take an examination in… |
сдавать экзамен по… (по предмету) |
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(a subject) |
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to accept applicants on the |
принимать абитуриентов на основе результатов |
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basis of USE (Unified State |
ЕГЭ (единого государственного экзамена) |
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exam) results |
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an academic excellence |
великолепные результаты обучения, академиче- |
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ские успехи |
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a part-time student |
студент-заочник / вечерник |
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a full-time student |
студент дневного отделения |
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a head of department |
заведующий кафедрой |
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a professor |
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профессор |
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a senior teacher |
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старший преподаватель |
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an |
associate |
professor |
(an |
доцент |
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assistant professor) |
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a degree (to get a degree) |
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степень (получить степень) |
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a Bachelor’s degree |
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степень бакалавра |
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a Master’s degree |
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степень магистра |
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a lecturer |
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лектор |
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a Bachelor / a Master of |
бакалавр / магистр технических наук |
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Engineering |
(Technical) |
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Science |
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teaching staff |
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профессорско-преподавательский состав |
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an undergraduate |
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студент |
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a graduate, |
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выпускник, |
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a graduate student |
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аспирант |
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a first-year student |
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студент первого курса |
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a second-year student |
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студент второго курса |
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curriculum |
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учебная программа |
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to carry on scien-tific/ |
вести научную работу (заниматься исследова- |
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research work |
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тельской работой) |
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to pass an examination |
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сдать экзамен |
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to fail an examination |
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провалить экзамен |
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to |
graduate |
(from |
a |
выпуститься /окончить (университет, вуз) |
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university) |
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to train in (a subject) |
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обучать |
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a practical class |
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практическое занятие |
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a lecture |
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лекция |
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30 |
a tutorial |
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консультация |
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1.Make up sentences with these words and word combinations.
2.Read text 1 and do the tasks below.
Text 1. A FIRST-YEAR STUDENT’S LIFE
AT BAUMAN MOSCOW STATE TECHNICAL UNIVERSITY
To tell the truth, it was my dream in high school to study in Bauman Moscow State Technical University. Therefore, my dream has come true this year. I have become a first-year-student of the Mechanical Engineering Technologies Faculty. I managed to cope with the entrance examinations requirements in all subjects. The competition was very tough. Now I am a freshman at the Engineering Department. Many school-leavers hope to enter Bauman Moscow State Technical University. But only the best out of the best applicants with profound knowledge are lucky to be enrolled.
Bauman Moscow State Technical University (BMSTU) is the leading Russian university that brought to the world outstanding scientists and researchers, who were pioneers in World rocketry, aviation and heavy industry.
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BMSTU is known for a great number of contemporary technical fields, such as computer science and information systems, electric and electronic engineering, mechanical engineering, mathematics, physics and astronomy. BMSTU has 19 departments providing full-time undergraduate, postgraduate and doctoral programs. It has over 19,000 students enrolled, across various fields of science and engineering.
BMSTU was established in 1830 and has since gained a reputation as a leading center of higher education and research engineering. It is highly active with international activities, with numerous exchange programs for both staff and students, as well as collaborations with foreign universities and companies.
The academic year is divided into two terms, each term (semester) ends with the winter and summer exams sessions, when the students must take and pass credits and examinations on the subjects studied during the term. We have been studying a lot of Mathematics and other technical subjects since September. Our curriculum involves English classes as well. It goes without saying, the attendance of lectures and seminars is obligatory in our university.
I am not a Muscovite and I live in a students’ dormitory. Some of my groupmates share the room with me. Even at the busiest time – when the examinations are going on – the students get together and enjoy themselves. They arrange students’ concerts and dance. All of them go in for sports and we can choose the sports we like most. As far as I am concerned (as for me), my favourite sports are swimming, skating and football, of course.
When I came to Moscow, I knew very little about our capital. My new University groupmates and friends show me the city every weekend. We are fond of walking around Moscow, sightseeing, admiring its architecture and ancient monuments. Sometimes we go to the cinema and theatre, to museums and exhibitions and afterwards discuss what we saw there. I have already seen a lot of famous places in Moscow myself. They have made a deep impression on me. Of course, we face great difficulties in our studies owing to the difficulties between school Math and University generalized and abstract Mathematics (socalled advanced mathematics). We should read scientific literature and spend a lot of time in the library and the labs. My friends are always willing to help me cope with my troubles. They often stay after classes and lectures, explaining to me the most complicated math problems and tasks in other subjects, for example English grammar. I have already enlarged my English vocabulary and now I can understand English as well as Math. Also we do a lot of oral and written English assignments. It is a very difficult home task for me so far.
https://wwv.bmstu.ru/en/general-information/about-bmstu/
3. Answer the questions.
1.What was the author’s dream in high school?
2.What department is the author studying in at Bauman Moscow State Technical University?
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