810

misread

misread

misread

неправильно

истолковывать

misspell

misspelt;

misspelt;

писать с ошибками

misspeled

misspeled

misspend

misspent

misspent

экономить

mistake

mistook

mistaken

ошибаться

misunderstand

misunderstood

misunderstood

неправильно понимать

mow

mowed

mown; mowed

косить

outbid

outbid

outbid

перебивать цену

outdo

outdid

outdone

превосходить

outfight

outfought

outfought

побеждать (в бою)

outgrow

outgrew

outgrown

вырастать из

output

output;

output;

выходить

outputted

outputted

outrun

outran

outrun

перегонять; опережать

outsell

outsold

outsold

продавать лучше или

дороже

outshine

outshone

outshone

затмевать

overbid

overbid

overbid

повелевать

overcome

overcame

overcome

компенсировать

overdo

overdid

overdone

пережари(ва)ть

overdraw

overdrew

overdrawn

превышать

overeat

overate

overeaten

объедаться

overfly

overflew

overflown

перелетать

overhang

overhung

overhung

нависать

overhear

overheard

overheard

подслуш(ив)ать

overlay

overlaid

overlaid

покры(ва)ть

overpay

overpaid

overpaid

переплачивать

override

overrode

overridden

отвергать; отклонять

overrun

overran

overrun

переливаться через край

oversee

oversaw

overseen

надзирать за

overshoot

overshot

overshot

расстрелять

oversleep

overslept

overslept

прос(ы)пать

overtake

overtook

overtaken

догонять

overthrow

overthrew

overthrown

свергать

partake

partook

partaken

принимать участие

pay

paid

paid

платить

plead

pleaded; pled

pleaded; pled

обращаться к суду

prepay

prepaid

prepaid

платить вперед

prove

proved

proved; proven

доказывать; оказаться

put

put

put

класть

quit

quit; quitted

quit; quitted

покидать;

оставлять;

выходить

read

read; red

read; red

читать

rebind

rebound

rebound

перевязывать

rebuild

rebuilt

rebuilt

перестроить

recast

recast

recast

видоизменять;

преобразовывать

redo

redid

redone

повторять сделанное

rehear

reheard

reheard

слушать вторично

remake

remade

remade

переделывать

rend

rent

rent

раздирать

repay

repaid

repaid

отдавать долг

rerun

reran

rerun

выполнять повторно

resell

resold

resold

перепродавать

reset

reset

reset

возвращать

resit

resat

resat

пересиживать

retake

retook

retaken

забирать

retell

retold

retold

пересказывать

rewrite

rewrote

rewritten

пере(за)писать

rid

rid; ridded

rid; ridded

избавлять

ride

rode

ridden

ездить верхом

ring

rang

rung

звонить

rise

rose

risen

подняться

rive

rived

riven

расщеплять

run

ran

run

бежать; течь

saw

sawed

sawn; sawed

пилить

say

said

said

говорить; сказать

see

saw

seen

видеть

seek

sought

sought

искать

sell

sold

sold

продавать

send

sent

sent

посылать

set

set

set

ставить; устанавливать

sew

sewed

sewed; sewn

шить

shake

shook

shaken

трясти

shave

shaved

shaved; shaven

брить(ся)

shear

sheared

shorn; sheared

стричь

shed

shed

shed

проливать

shine

shone; shined

shone; shined

светить; сиять

shoe

shod

shod

обувать; подковывать

shoot

shot

shot

стрелять; давать побеги

show

showed

shown; showed

показывать

shred

shred; shredded

shred; shredded

кромсать; расползаться

shrink

shrank; shrunk

shrunk

сокращаться;

сжиматься; отпрянуть

shrive

shrove; shrived

shriven;

исповедовать

shrived

shut

shut

shut

закрывать

sing

sang

sung

петь

sink

sank

sunk

опускаться;

погружаться; тонуть

sit

sat

sat

сидеть

slay

slew

slain

убивать

sleep

slept

slept

спать

slide

slid

slid

скользить

sling

slung

slung

швырять; подвешивать

slink

slunk

slunk

идти крадучись

slit

slit

slit

раздирать(ся);

разрезать (вдоль)

smell

smelt; smelled

smelt; smelled

пахнуть; нюхать

smite

smote

smitten

ударять; разбивать

sow

sowed

sowed; sown

(по)сеять

speak

spoke

spoken

говорить

speed

sped; speeded

sped; speeded

ускорять; спешить

spell

spelt; spelled

spell; spelled

писать или читать по

буквам

spend

spent

spent

тратить

spill

spilt; spilled

spilt; spilled

проливать

spin

spun; span

spun

прясть

spit

spat; spit

spat; spit

плевать

split

split

split

расщепить(ся)

spoil

spoilt; spoiled

spoilt; spoiled

портить

spotlight

spotlit;

spotlit;

осветить

spotlighted

spotlighted

spread

spread

spread

распространиться

spring

sprang

sprung

вскочить; возникнуть

stand

stood

stood

стоять

stave

staved; stove

staved; stove

проламывать;

разби(ва)ть

steal

stole

stolen

красть

stick

stuck

stuck

уколоть; приклеить

sting

stung

stung

жалить

stink

stank; stunk

stunk

вонять

strew

strewed

strewn; strewed

усеять; устлать

stride

strode

stridden

шагать; наносить удар

strike

struck

struck

ударить; бить; бастовать

string

strung

strung

нанизать; натянуть

strive

strove

striven

стараться

sublet

sublet

sublet

передавать в субаренду

swear

swore

sworn

(по)клясться;

присягнуть

sweep

swept

swept

мести; промчаться

swell

swelled

swollen;

разбухать

swelled

swim

swam

swum

плавать

swing

swung

swung

качаться

take

took

taken

взять; брать

teach

taught

taught

учить

tear

tore

torn

рвать

tell

told

told

рассказывать; сказать

think

thought

thought

думать

thrive

throve; trived

thriven; trived

процветать

throw

threw

thrown

бросить

thrust

thrust

thrust

толкнуть; сунуть

tread

trod

trod; trodden

ступать

unbend

unbent

unbent

разогнуть(ся)

underbid

underbid

underbid

снижать цену

undercut

undercut

undercut

сбивать цены

undergo

underwent

undergone

проходить;

подвергаться

underlie

underlay

underlain

лежать в основе

underpay

underpaid

underpaid

оплачивать

слишком

низко

undersell

undersold

undersold

продавать дешевле

understand

understood

understood

понимать

undertake

undertook

undertaken

предпринять

underwrite

underwrote

underwritten

подписыва(ть)ся

undo

undid

undone

уничтожать сделанное

unfreeze

unfroze

unfrozen

размораживать

unsay

unsaid

unsaid

брать назад свои слова

unwind

unwound

unwound

развертывать

uphold

upheld

upheld

поддерживать

upset

upset

upset

опрокинуть(ся)

wake

woke; waked

woken; waked

просыпаться; будить

waylay

waylaid

waylaid

подстерегать

wear

wore

worn

носить (одежду)

weave

wove; weaved

woven; weaved

ткать

wed

wed; wedded

wed; wedded

выдавать замуж

weep

wept

wept

плакать

wet

wet; wetted

wet; wetted

мочить; увлажнять

win

won

won

выигрывать

wind

wound

wound

заводить (механизм)

withdraw

withdrew

withdrawn

взять назад; отозвать

withhold

withheld

withheld

удерживать

withstand

withstood

withstood

противиться

work

worked;

worked;

работать

wrought

wrought

wring

wrung

wrung

скрутить; сжать

write

wrote

written

писать

LANGUAGE REVIEW

VERB TENSES

PAST SIMPLE

Positive

Negative

Question

I worked here.

I didn't work here.

Did I work here?

You/We/They

worked

You/We/They didn't work

Did you/we/they work

here.

here.

here?

Не/She worked here.

He/She didn't work here.

Did he/she work here?

The past simple is used to talk about:

past events

I went to the cinema last night.

past consequences

I was lonely so I joined a club.

narrative events

The teacher grabbed my pencil and shook his finger

at me.

biographical events

He left Holland and joined his brother.

historical events

Van Gogh was born in Holland in 1853.

reported statements

You said (that) be lived in Oxford.

reported questions

He asked if 1 lived in London.

PRESENT CONTINUOUS

Positive

Negative

Question

I'm working now.

I'm not working now.

Am I working now?

You/We/They're

working

You/We/They

aren't

Are you/we/they working

now.

working now.

now?

He/She's working now.

Не/She isn't working now.

Is he/she working now?

The present continuous is used to:

– express present activities

I'm writing a letter.

– describe future arrangements

She's going to Ireland next week.

– talk about temporary situations.

I'm staying with my German penfriend.

GOING TO FUTURE

Positive

Negative

Question

I'm going to

work

I'm not going to work

Am I going to work

tomorrow.

tomorrow.

tomorrow?

You/We/They're

going

You/We/They

aren't

Are you/we/they going

to work tomorrow.

going to work tomorrow.

to work tomorrow?

He/She's going to work

He/She isn't

going to

Is he/she going to work

tomorrow.

work tomorrow.

tomorrow?

Going to future is used to:

– talk

about

plans

and

future

I'm going to stay at home this

intention

weekend.

– make

predictions

from

present

We're

going to have a lovely

evidence

autumn.

VERB HAVE GOT

Positive

Negative

Question

I've got a car.

I haven't got a car.

Have I got a car?

You/We/They've

got

a

You/We/They

haven't

Have you/we/they got a

car.

got a car.

car?

He/She's got a car.

He/She's got a car.

Has he/she got a car?

have got is used to talk about:

family

I've got two sisters and a brother.

qualifications

Have you got a driving licence?

possessions

I haven't got a car

PRESENT PERFECT

Positive

Negative

Question

I've worked in France.

I haven't worked in France.

Have I worked in France?

You/We/They've

worked

You/We/They

haven't

Have you/we/they worked

in France.

worked in France.

in France?

He/She's

worked

in

He/She hasn't worked in

Has he/she worked in

France.

France.

France?

PAST CONTINUOUS

Positive

Negative

Question

I was working.

I wasn't working.

Was I working?

You/We/They were

You/We/They weren't

Were you/we/they working?

working.

working.

Was he/she working?

He/She was working

He/She wasn't working.

PAST PERFECT

Positive

Negative

Question

I'd (had) gone.

I hadn't gone.

Had I gone?

Short answer

Yes, you had.

No, you hadn't.

The past perfect is used:

– to describe an event which occurred

When he

arrived at the station, the

before another in the past

train had left.

– in reported statements

She said (that) she had met him a year

ago.

– in reported questions

They asked her why she had gone to

the grocer's.

IMPERATIVE

Positive

Negative

Go past the church.

Don't worry.

The imperative is used for:

– directions

Turn right at the bank.

– warnings and advice

Never take a lot of money with you.

Don't forget to lock your door.

– commands

Talk to Bob.

Don't phone.

The gerund or ing form is used:

– after verbs like: love, like, enjoy,

I like cooking./ I don't mind cleaning.

don't mind, hate

– to express sequence of time with

After leaving school, I went to

university.

before and after

Before becoming a painter, he was a

teacher

QUESTION TAGS

With a positive sentence, you use a negative tag.

He's late, isn't he?

With a negative sentence, you use a positive tag.

He isn't late, is he?

can

Can is used to:

– express ability

I can sing.

– make requests

Can I use the phone, please?

– offer help

Can I help you?

– refuse help

I'm sorry. I'm afraid I can't

– draw conclusions

He can't be Italian.

be able to swim.

could

Could is used to:

– make requests

Could I have a brochure, please?

– make suggestions

We could show her some folk dancing.

– draw conclusions

He could be Spanish.