II. Language

LEVEL A

Ex. 1. Learn to recognise international words. Check the pronunciation in the dictionary.

Transform, religious, technical, expert, legend, cement, experiment, substance, geology, salmon, prestigious, ideologically

Ex.2. Find an odd one out.

View	opinion	belief	conclusion
Cut down	Put down	Demolish	Pull down
endless	eternal	everlasting	enormous
dimention	size	longitude	measure
essential	crucial	vital	Efficient
diversity	alteration	indication	variety

Ex.3. Choose the right continuation of the sentences.

	1.Through the centuries, almost every available material		1) popular stuff even into the 19th century
	2.The usual technique was		2) and for several hundred years this simple style dominated domestic architecture.
	3.Mud continued to be		3) has been pressed into service on the building site.
	4.Regular citizens were experimenting with timber framing to construct their homes,		4) into pre-formed concrete slab and glass towers which were ideologically correct if grim to inhabit.
	5.Costing was suddenly made easy for the builder with a pattern book to hand,		5) to build the walls in sections, allowing one to dry out before starting the next.
6.Now they were able to move thousands		6) while the opularity of the style and a growing prosperity ensured a sale.

Ex.4 . Match words in the left column with words in the right column to make sensible word combinations:

1. Resourcefulness of	1) regulations
2. Alarming	2) prefabrication
3. Building	3) buildings
4. Primitive	4) kilns
5. Rickety	5) slab
6. Street	6) assertion
7. Inefficient	7) firing
8. Uneven	8) public buildings
9. Prestigious	9) the species
10. Concrete	10) frontage
11. Mud	11) the technique
12. Revive	12) hut

Ex. 5. Insert appropriate prepositions:

1. great contribution … housing

2. come … a halt

3. go … of fashion

4. opt … the comfort

5. mixed … straw or heather

6. replaced … stone

7. keep the rain …

8. constructed … rubble

9. be exposed … the stone of the building

10. caused … the Great Fire of London

11. build … section

12. skimp … something.

LEVEL B

Ex. 6. Give synonyms to the following words:

Pull down, frame, corner stone, cut stone, opt for, plaster, dwelling, enormous, inhabit, faith, shoddy, to wreck, traditional, abandon

Ex. 7. Give antonyms to the following words:

Diversity, descend, permanent, allow, waterproof, reveal similar, rapid, successive, domestic, halt, destruction, majority, increase

Ex. 8. Match expressions in English with their translation:

1)Hold something dear 2)Nurtured in the slums 3)Comforting touch 4)Be trapped 5)Break down the whole concept 6)A brand –new home 7)Enlightened industrialists 8)Display somebody’s affluence 9)Alleged similarity 10)Please the eye

a)мнимая схожесть b)выставлять на показ богатство c)радовать глаз d)дорожить чем-либо e)порожденные трущебами f)умиротворяющее прикосновение g)быть в ловушке h)разрушить общее представление i)совершенно новый дом j)просвещенные промышленники

Ex. 9. Match words with their definitions:

1) species 2) adjustment 3) prefabrication 4) edict 5) settlement 6) wattle and daub 7) bodgery 8) tenant 9) lease

a) manufacturing the parts of building in a factory in standard sizes, so that they can be fitted together on the site b) something that is done not as good as it should be c) a mixture of small sticks, mud or clay used in the past to make the walls of houses d) a group of animals or plants which are all similar e) a legal agreement which allows you to use a building for a period of time , in return for rent f) someone who lives in a house and pays rent to the person who owns to g) a group of houses and buildings where people live h) an official public order i) a small change made to a building

Ex.10. Translate derivatives to the following words:

1. tenant, tenancy

2. to diverse, diversely, diversify, diversion, diversity, .

3. to emerge, emergence, emergency

4. to adjust, adjustable, adjustment

5. affect, affecting, affection, affectionate

6. to consider, considerable, considerate, consideration

7. to complete, complete, completely, completeness, completion.

8. to distort, distorted, distortion

9. to vary, varied, variety, various

10. to contribute, contribution, contributor

Ex. 11. Translate into Russian paying attention to underlined words:

1. Earth is the oldest building material and it would be quite wrong to despise it.

2. The panels between the framing might have been filled with anything from planks, cob and brick to slabs of rough stone, elm laths and wattle and daub.

3. The secret of using heat to convert clay into bricks appears to have been revealed to the ancient Britons by the Romans.

4. It wasn’t until Tudor’s times that brick again became popular – and then only among the wealthy, because it was expensive to use and often had to be transported long distances.

5. Henry VIII and Wolsey built St Jame’s Palace and Hampton Court out of brick, even though they could well have afforded stone, in order to display their affluence and taste for the newfangled.

6. The architectural principles may be dull, but they work.

Ex. 12. Explain the difference in meaning of these pairs of words and complete the sentences with them:

Affect - effect, adopt - adapt

1. How do you think the changes will … you?

2. Inflation is having a disastrous … on the economy?

3. The children are finding it hard to … to their new school.

4. The courts have been asked to … a more flexible approach to young offenders.

5. The materials can be … for use with older children.