Vocabulary

1. national economy, access, major, existence, event, uprising, resident, liberation, enemy, encirclement, trial, siege, despite, hunger, architectural, radio-engineering, power-engineering, icebreaker, machine tool, maritime, trade, link, railway junction, freight, terminal, domestic, volume, space exploration, establishment, eminent, executive/legislative power, representative, implementation;

2. to be bound up with ..., to develop, to proclaim, to witness, to endure, to shell, to suffer (from), to defend, to produce, to play a role/a part, to reduce, to cope with, to attract, to manage, to supervise, to make a contribution (to).

Notes on the text

¹ design and technological organizations — проектно-технические организации

² companies — зд.: (творческие) коллективы, труппы

Exercises

1. Pronounce the following words:

Europe, World War II, nazi, siege, architectural, ensemble, foreign, joint venture, maritime, freight, design, company, ballet, exhibition, federal status, Governor, executive, legislative, major, the Hermitage.

2. Complete the following sentences:

1) The history of St. Petersburg was always bound up with …………….

2. The city gave Russia an access to…………………………

3. Leningraders heroically defended their city for …………………….

2. More than 650.000 people died due to

2. Present day St. Petersburg is not only a city of beautiful architectural ensembles and historical monuments but …………..

2. The main industries in the city are

3. The city's scientists have made great contribution to the field of……………..

4. The legislative power in St. Petersburg is vested in……………………………..

9) Administratively the city is divided …………

3. Open the brackets using English equivalents:

1. Founded in 1703, in the 18^th and 19th centuries (город развивался как военно-морской порт)

2. In the 19^th century the city became (главным экономическим, политическим и культурным центром России).

3. Throughout its existence St. Petersburg (был свидетелем важных исторических событий), among them (восстание декабристов в 1825 году и 3 революции в 20 веке).

4. (Предприятия города) produce (атомные ледоколы и реакторы, тракторы и станки, турбины и телескопы).

5. By the number of (совместных российско-иностранных предприятий) our city holds one of the first places in the country.

6. It is planned (построить новый морской торговый порт).

7. (Высокоскоростная железнодорожная магистраль) between Moscow and our city will be constructed in the near future.

8. St. Petersburg has more than (50 музеев, 100 театров, 80 выставочных залов и художественных галерей, свыше 80 библиотек).

9. There is (представитель президента Российской Федерации в городе), who supervises (ход экономических реформ).

10. (Исполнительная власть в городе) lies with the Governor's office (возглавляемым самим губернатором)

4. Speak about St. Petersburg today.