книги / Struktur und Bindung
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Anhang
Tabelle A 1. Physikalische Konstanten |
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Größe |
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Symbol |
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Zahlenwert |
Einheit |
Avogadrosche Konstante |
N A |
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6,022137 10“ |
mol"1 |
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Lichtgeschwindigkeit |
C |
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2,997925-10» |
ms"1 |
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Planckscht Konstante |
h |
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6,626 076-IO'34 |
Js |
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BoArscher Radius |
*0 |
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5,29177-IO '11 |
m |
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Atomare Masseneinheit |
mu |
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1,6602-10'27 |
kg |
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Elektronenmasse |
e |
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9,109 4 -IO'31 |
kg |
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Elementarladung |
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1,602177 • 10"19 |
C |
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Elektrische Feldkonstante |
*0 |
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8,854-IO'12 |
A sV ^m "1 |
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Tabelle A 2. Einheiten der Energie |
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Joule |
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u |
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= lm 2kgs"2 |
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= Newtonmeter |
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= IN m |
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= Wattsekunde |
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= 1 Ws = 1VAs |
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Erg |
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lerg |
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= 1- 10'7J = lcm 2gs"2 |
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Kalorie |
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lcal |
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= 4,186 8 J |
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Elektronenvolt |
leV |
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= 1,6021-10-19J |
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NA-leV |
= 23,045 kcal mol"1 |
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= 9,647 9 • 104 J mol"1 |
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Tabelle A 3. Ionisierungsenergie von Atomen in eV |
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A |
A —»A+ |
A+-»A 2+ |
AJ+-*A3* |
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H |
13,59 |
54,1 |
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He |
24,56 |
121,8 |
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Li |
5,40 |
75,7 |
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Be |
9,32 |
18,2 |
153,9 |
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B |
8,28 |
25,1 |
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37,9 |
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C |
11,27 |
24,8 |
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47,9 |
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N |
14,55 |
29,6 |
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47,4 |
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0 |
13,62 |
35,2 |
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54,9 |
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F |
17,43 |
34,9 |
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62,7 |
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Ne |
21,56 |
40,9 |
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63,9 |
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Na |
5,14 |
47,3 |
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71,7 |
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Mg |
7,64 |
15,0 |
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80,2 |
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Al |
5,97 |
18,8 |
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28,5 |
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Si |
8,15 |
16,4 |
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33,5 |
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18 Struktur und Bindung
4. Vieratomige M oleküle (Fortsetzung)
NF, |
c „ |
PH, |
Cyr |
PF, |
C u |
PCI, |
Cu |
P« |
Tt |
AS4 |
T t |
AsH, |
Cu |
AsF, |
Cu |
AsCl, |
Cu |
AsBr, |
Cu |
H A |
Cy |
SO, |
D u |
CIF, |
Cu |
P |
“ 137 pm, |
R *—H |
= 142 pm, |
/?P—F |
= 154 pm, |
R f —ci |
= 204 pm, |
R p—p |
= 221 pm |
R ÄX—AM = 244 pm R AM—H = 152 pm, R A*—p = 171 pm,
R A*—ci = 216 pm, R A*—Br = 233 pm, R o —o = 148 pm, Äo—H = 95 pm R s —o = 142 pm, fia—p = 170 pm,
ÄQ—p —160 pm
<FN F |
=103° |
«t HPH |
= 93,5' |
<FPF |
= 100° |
«tCIPCl |
=101° |
< HAsH |
= 92° |
<FAsF |
=102° |
■i CIAsCI |
= 98° |
< BrAsBr = 100° |
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< HOO |
= 95° |
<* OSO |
= 120° |
<1FC1P |
= 88° |
5. Weitere mehratomige Moleküle
CH«
C F«
CCI«
CBr«
CI«
SiH«
SiF«
SiCl«
SiBr«
Sil«
GeH«
GeF«
GeCl«
SnCI«
PbCI«
TiCl«
ZrCl«
XeF«
s,
SPt
SeFt
TeF«
MoF«
WF,
WC1«
UF«
UC1«
XeF«
Tt |
R-c—H = 109 pm |
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Ti |
RQ—P |
= 132 pm |
Ti |
Rc—Q = 177 pm |
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Ti |
Re—B, |
= 194 pm |
Ti |
Rc—, |
= 215 pm |
Ti |
RSI—H = 148 pm |
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Ti |
Rs,—p |
= 154 pm |
Ti |
R$r-—ci = 201 pm |
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Ti |
Rsi—at = 215 pm |
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Ti |
Rs,—i |
= 243 pm |
Ti |
Rar—H= 153 pm |
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Ti |
Rar—F = 167 pm |
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Ti |
RGc—ci= 208 pm |
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Ti |
Ru—a = 231 pm |
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Ti |
Rn—a = 243 pm |
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Ti |
Rn—ci = 218 pm |
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Ti |
Ru—ci = 232 pm |
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Du |
Rxt—F = 194 pm |
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Da |
As—s |
- 206 pm, |
Oh |
Rs—F = 156 pm |
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ob Ru—p = 169 pm
oh |
Ru—F = 184 pm |
ob |
AMO—F= 184 pm |
oh |
R^—p = 183 pm |
oh Ryt—ci = 226 pm Oh Ru—F = 200 pm Oh Ru—ci = 242 pm Oh Rxt—p = 190 pm
276
Tabelle A 7. Bindungsspaltungsenergien in kJ mol-1
H, |
432 |
0 2 |
495 |
OH |
423 |
HO—H |
498 |
HO—OH |
210 |
HOO—H |
380 |
N, |
945 |
NH |
350 |
HN—H |
380 |
H,N—H |
440 |
T2N—NH: |
250 |
NO |
630 |
NO—CI |
155 |
Nj—0 |
130 |
Fj |
155 |
HF |
365 |
CI: |
240 |
HCl |
427 |
HO—CI |
250 |
CIF |
247 |
Br2 |
188 |
Li: |
109 |
LiH |
235 |
LiF |
574 |
LiCl |
474 |
LiBr |
420 |
Lü |
352 |
Na2 |
71 |
NaH |
197 |
NaF |
477 |
NaCl |
410 |
NaBr |
370 |
Nal 71
K:50
KH |
180 |
KF |
495 |
Li—OH |
440 |
Na—OH |
335 |
K—OH |
355 |
KCl |
423 |
KBr |
380 |
KI |
325 |
BeO |
444 |
Mfo |
420 |
CaO |
480 |
HO—Br |
235 |
HBr |
365 |
BrF |
230 |
BrCl |
218 |
h |
150 |
HI |
295 |
HO—I |
235 |
IC1 |
210 |
Sa |
415 |
SH |
340 |
HS—H |
405 |
HS—SH |
300 |
Sej |
270 |
Te, |
220 |
H,B—BH, |
155 |
B:260
Al: |
190 |
A1F |
700 |
AlFj—F |
444 |
Ga: |
146 |
C, |
600 |
CF,—F |
507 |
F,C—CI |
335 |
F,C—Br |
272 |
F,C—I |
239 |
C1,C—CI |
318 |
Br3C—Br |
205 |
CF,—H |
432 |
CC1,—H |
377 |
CHCl:—CI |
280 |
CBr,—H |
389 |
CHBr,—Br |
234 |
CHI,—I |
193 |
CH—H |
536 |
HCO—OH |
377 |
CHF2—H |
423 |
CHCl,—H |
335 |
CH2C1—CI |
305 |
CHjBr—Br |
259 |
CHI,—H |
432 |
CH,—H |
355 |
CHjCl—H |
410 |
CHjBr—H |
415 |
CH,—F |
495 |
CH,F—H |
435 |
CH |
335 |
CO |
1075 |
H—CN |
540 |
CF |
452 |
CC1 |
335 |
CS |
735 |
Si, |
310 |
SiH |
310 |
H,Si—SiH, |
215 |
SiF |
525 |
SiCl |
385 |
SiBr |
355 |
Pa |
485 |
PH |
293 |
H,P—H |
350 |
H,P—PH, |
255 |
PF |
440 |
PCI |
285 |
As, |
380 |
Sb, |
300 |
Bi, |
165 |
CH,—CI |
335 |
CH,—Br |
280 |
CH,—I |
226 |
CH,—H |
423 |
CH,—OH |
377 |
CH,0—H |
427 |
CH,—NH, |
335 |
CH,—CN |
505 |
HO=CH |
963 |
H,C=CH: |
700 |
H,C—CH, |
368 |
H,CO—CH, |
335 |
C,Hj—Li |
195 |
CH,Zn—CH, |
195 |
CH,Hg—CH, |
214 |
Tabelle A 8. Mittlere Bindungsenergie in organischen Molekülen in kJ mol-1
C—C |
350 |
C—Br |
275 |
C=C |
620 |
C—I |
240 |
G sC |
815 |
C—N |
295 |
C—O |
355 |
Cs=N |
780 |
C = 0 |
715 |
C—H |
415 |
C—S |
260 |
N—H |
390 |
C—F |
440 |
O—H |
465 |
C—CI |
330 |
S—H |
340 |
N—N |
160 |
N =N |
420 |
Tabelle A 9. Elektronegativitäten |
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H |
2,15 |
Na |
0,9 |
Ca |
1,0 |
Li |
0,95 |
Mg |
1,2 |
Ga |
1,6 |
Be |
1,5 |
Al |
1,5 |
Ge |
2,0 |
B |
2,0 |
Si |
1,9 |
As |
2,0 |
C |
2,6 |
P |
2,1 |
Se |
2,4 |
N |
3,0 |
S |
2,6 |
Br |
2,9 |
O |
3,5 |
CI |
3,1 |
Te |
2,1 |
F |
3,9 |
K |
•'l* |
I |
2,6 |
0*8 |
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278
Tabelle A 10. Punktgruppen der Moleküle
Art der Drehachse |
weitere Symmetrieelemente |
Pünktgmppe |
279
