mpibook_Antonov

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MPI

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2004

M>D 681.3.06 ;;D – 018.2*32.973

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ISBN 5-211-04907-1

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5

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mpif77 -o program program.f

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mpirun -np N ijh]jZffZ k Zj]mf_glZfb!,

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<k_ ^hihegbl_evgu_ h[t_dlu bf_gZ ijhp_^mj dhgklZglu ij_^hij_^_e_g- gu_ lbiu ^Zgguo b l i bkihevam_fu_ \ 03, bf_xl ij_nbdk MPI_ ?keb ihevah\Zl_ev g_ [m^_l bkihevah\Zlv \ ijh]jZff_ bf_g k lZdbf ij_nbdkhf lh dhgnebdlh\ k h[t_dlZfb MPI aZ\_^hfh g_ [m^_l < yaud_ Kb djhf_ lh]h y\- ey_lky kms_kl\_gguf j_]bklj kbf\heh\ \ gZa\Zgbyo nmgdpbc H[uqgh \ gZ- a\Zgbyo nmgdpbc MPI i_j\Zy [md\Z ihke_ ij_nbdkZ MPI_ ibr_lky \ \_jog_f j_]bklj_ ihke_^mxsb_ [md\u – \ gb`g_f j_]bklj_ Z gZa\Zgby dhgklZgl MPI aZibku\Zxlky p_ebdhf \ \_jog_f j_]bklj_ <k_ hibkZgby bgl_jn_ckZ MPI kh[jZgu \ nZce_ mpif.h (mpi.h ihwlhfm \ gZqZe_ 03,-ijh]jZffu ^he`gZ

klhylv ^bj_dlb\Z include ‘mpif.h’ (#include “mpi.h” ^ey ijh]jZff gZ

yaud_ Kb

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>ey ehdZebaZpbb \aZbfh^_ckl\by iZjZee_evguo ijhp_kkh\ ijh]jZffu fh`gh kha^Z\Zlv ]jmiiu ijhp_kkh\ ij_^hklZ\eyy bf hl^_evgmx kj_^m ^ey h[s_gby — dhffmgbdZlhj KhklZ\ h[jZam_fuo ]jmii ijhba\he_g =jmiiu fh]ml iheghklvx kh\iZ^Zlv \oh^blv h^gZ \ ^jm]mx g_ i_j_k_dZlvky beb i_j_k_dZlvky qZklbqgh Ijhp_kku fh]ml \aZbfh^_ckl\h\Zlv lhevdh \gmljb g_dhlhjh]h dhffmgbdZlhjZ khh[s_gby hlijZ\e_ggu_ \ jZaguo dhffmgbdZlhjZo g_ i_j_k_dZxlky b g_ f_rZxl ^jm] ^jm]m DhffmgbdZlhju bf_xl \ yaud_ NhjljZg lbi INTEGER \ yaud_ Kb – ij_^hij_^_e_gguc lbi

MPI_Comm).

6

Ijb klZjl_ ijh]jZffu \k_]^Z kqblZ_lky qlh \k_ ihjh`^_ggu_ ijhp_kku jZ- [hlZxl \ jZfdZo \k_h[t_fexs_]h dhffmgbdZlhjZ bf_xs_]h ij_^hij_^_- e_ggh_ bfy MPI_COMM_WORLD Wlhl dhffmgbdZlhj kms_kl\m_l \k_]^Z b kem`bl ^ey \aZbfh^_ckl\by \k_o aZims_gguo ijhp_kkh\ MPI-ijh]jZffu Djhf_ g_]h ijb klZjl_ ijh]jZffu bf__lky dhffmgbdZlhj MPI_COMM_SELF, kh^_j`Zsbc lhevdh h^bg l_dmsbc ijhp_kk Z lZd`_ dhffmgbdZlhj MPI_COMM_NULL g_ kh^_j`Zsbc gb h^gh]h ijhp_kkZ <k_ \aZbfh^_ckl\by ijhp_kkh\ ijhl_dZxl \ jZfdZo hij_^_e_ggh]h dhffmgbdZlhjZ khh[s_gby i_j_^Zggu_ \ jZaguo dhffmgbdZlhjZo gbdZd g_ f_rZxl ^jm] ^jm]m

DZ`^uc ijhp_kk MPI-ijh]jZffu bf__l \ dZ`^hc ]jmii_ \ dhlhjmx hg \oh^bl mgbdZevguc Zljb[ml ghf_j ijhp_kkZ dhlhjuc y\ey_lky p_euf g_hljbpZl_evguf qbkehf K ihfhsvx wlh]h Zljb[mlZ ijhbkoh^bl agZqbl_evgZy qZklv \aZbfh^_ckl\by ijhp_kkh\ f_`^m kh[hc Ykgh qlh \ h^ghf b lhf `_ dhffmgbdZlhj_ \k_ ijhp_kku bf_xl jZaebqgu_ ghf_jZ Gh ihkdhevdm ijhp_kk fh`_l h^gh\j_f_ggh \oh^blv \ jZagu_ dhffmgbdZlhju lh _]h ghf_j \ h^ghf dhffmgbdZlhj_ fh`_l hlebqZlvky hl _]h ghf_jZ \ ^jm- ]hf Hlkx^Z klZgh\ylky ihgylgufb ^\Z hkgh\guo Zljb[mlZ ijhp_kkZ dhffmgbdZlhj b ghf_j \ dhffmgbdZlhj_ ?keb ]jmiiZ kh^_j`bl n ijhp_kkh\ lh ghf_j ex[h]h ijhp_kkZ \ ^Zgghc ]jmii_ e_`bl \ ij_^_eZo hl ^h n – 1.

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7

H[sb_ ijhp_^mju03,

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MPI_INIT(IERR) INTEGER IERR

BgbpbZebaZpby iZjZee_evghc qZklb ijh]jZffu <k_ ^jm]b_ ijhp_^mju03, fh]ml [ulv \ua\Zgu lhevdh ihke_ \uah\Z MPI_INIT BgbpbZebaZpby iZjZe- e_evghc qZklb ^ey dZ`^h]h ijbeh`_gby ^he`gZ \uihegylvky lhevdh h^bg jZa < yaud_ Kb nmgdpbb MPI_Init i_j_^Zxlky mdZaZl_eb gZ Zj]mf_glu dh- fZg^ghc kljhdb ijh]jZffu argc b argv ba dhlhjuo kbkl_fhc fh]ml ba\e_- dZlvky b i_j_^Z\Zlvky \ iZjZee_evgu_ ijhp_kku g_dhlhju_ iZjZf_lju aZ- imkdZ ijh]jZffu

MPI_FINALIZE(IERR) INTEGER IERR

AZ\_jr_gb_ iZjZee_evghc qZklb ijbeh`_gby <k_ ihke_^mxsb_ h[jZs_gby d ex[uf ijhp_^mjZf03,\ lhf qbke_ d MPI_INIT aZij_s_gu D fhf_glm \u- ah\Z MPI_FINALIZE dZ`^uf ijhp_kkhf ijh]jZffu \k_ ^_ckl\by lj_[mxsb_ _]h mqZklby \ h[f_g_ khh[s_gbyfb ^he`gu [ulv aZ\_jr_gu

Ijbf_j ijhkl_cr_c03,-ijh]jZffu gZ yaud_ NhjljZg \u]ey^bl ke_^mxsbf

h[jZahf

program example1 include ‘mpif.h’ integer ierr

print *, ‘Before MPI_INIT’ call MPI_INIT(ierr)

print *, ‘Parallel section’ call MPI_FINALIZE(ierr) print *, ‘After MPI_FINALIZE’ end

< aZ\bkbfhklb hl j_ZebaZpbb MPI kljhqdb ‘Before MPI_INIT’ b ‘After MPI_FINALIZE’ fh`_l i_qZlZlv eb[h h^bg \u^_e_gguc ijhp_kk eb[h \k_ aZ- ims_ggu_ ijhp_kku ijbeh`_gby Kljhqdm ‘Parallel section’ ^he`gu gZ- i_qZlZlv \k_ ijhp_kku Ihjy^hd \u\h^Z kljhd k jZaguo ijhp_kkh\ fh`_l [ulv ijhba\hevguf

H[sZy ko_fZ 03,-ijh]jZffu gZ yaud_ Kb \u]ey^bl ijbf_jgh ke_^mxsbf h[jZahf

8

#include “mpi.h”

main(int argc, char **argv)

{

…

MPI_Init(&argc, &argv);

…

MPI_Finalize();

…

}

>jm]b_ iZjZee_evgu_ ijh]jZffu gZ yaud_ Kb k bkihevah\Zgb_f l_ogheh]bb MPI fh`gh gZclb gZijbf_j \ <uqbkebl_evghf iheb]hg_ http://polygon.parallel.ru.

MPI_INITIALIZED(FLAG, IERR) LOGICAL FLAG

INTEGER IERR

Ijhp_^mjZ \ha\jZsZ_l \ Zj]mf_gl_ FLAG agZq_gb_ .TRUE. _keb \ua\ZgZ ba iZjZee_evghc qZklb ijbeh`_gby b agZq_gb_ .FALSE. - \ ijhlb\ghf kemqZ_ Wlh _^bgkl\_ggZy ijhp_^mjZ 03, dhlhjmx fh`gh \ua\Zlv ^h \uah\Z

MPI_INIT.

MPI_COMM_SIZE(COMM, SIZE, IERR) INTEGER COMM, SIZE, IERR

< Zj]mf_gl_ SIZE ijhp_^mjZ \ha\jZsZ_l qbkeh iZjZee_evguo ijhp_kkh\ \ dhffmgbdZlhj_ COMM.

MPI_COMM_RANK(COMM, RANK, IERR) INTEGER COMM, RANK, IERR

< Zj]mf_gl_ RANK ijhp_^mjZ \ha\jZsZ_l ghf_j ijhp_kkZ \ dhffmgbdZlhj_ COMM ?keb ijhp_^mjZ MPI_COMM_SIZE ^ey lh]h `_ dhffmgbdZlhjZ COMM \_jgmeZ agZq_gb_ SIZE lh agZq_gb_ \ha\jZsZ_fh_ ijhp_^mjhc MPI_COMM_RANK q_j_a i_j_f_ggmx RANK e_`bl \ ^bZiZahg_ hl 0 ^h SIZE-1.

< ke_^mxs_f ijbf_j_ dZ`^uc aZims_gguc ijhp_kk i_qZlZ_l k\hc mgbdZev- guc ghf_j \ dhffmgbdZlhj_ MPI_COMM_WORLD b qbkeh ijhp_kkh\ \ ^Zgghf dhffmgbdZlhj_

program example2 include ‘mpif.h’ integer ierr, size, rank call MPI_INIT(ierr)

call MPI_COMM_SIZE(MPI_COMM_WORLD, size, ierr) call MPI_COMM_RANK(MPI_COMM_WORLD, rank, ierr) print *, ‘process ’, rank, ‘, size ’, size call MPI_FINALIZE(ierr)

end

9

KljhdZ khhl\_lkl\mxsZy \uah\m ijhp_^mju print [m^_l \u\_^_gZ klhevdh jZa kdhevdh ijhp_kkh\ [ueh ihjh`^_gh ijb aZimkd_ ijh]jZffu Ihjy^hd ihy\e_gby kljhd aZjZg__ g_ hij_^_e_g b fh`_l [ulv \hh[s_ ]h\hjy ex[uf =ZjZglbjm_lky lhevdh lh qlh kh^_j`bfh_ hl^_evguo kljhd g_ [m^_l i_j_f_- rZgh ^jm] k ^jm]hf

DOUBLE PRECISION MPI_WTIME(IERR) INTEGER IERR

WlZ nmgdpby \ha\jZsZ_l gZ \ua\Z\r_f ijhp_kk_ Zkljhghfbq_kdh_ \j_fy \ k_dmg^Zo \_s_kl\_ggh_ qbkeh ^\hcghc lhqghklb ijhr_^r__ k g_dhlhjh]h fhf_glZ \ ijhrehf ?keb g_dhlhjuc mqZklhd ijh]jZffu hdjm`blv \uah\Zfb ^Zgghc nmgdpbb lh jZaghklv \ha\jZsZ_fuo agZq_gbc ihdZ`_l \j_fy jZ[hlu ^Zggh]h mqZkldZ =ZjZglbjm_lky qlh fhf_gl \j_f_gb bkihevam_fuc \ dZq_kl\_ lhqdb hlkq_lZ g_ [m^_l baf_g_g aZ \j_fy kms_kl\h\Zgby ijhp_kkZ AZf_lbf qlh wlZ nmgdpby \ha\jZsZ_l j_amevlZl k\h_c jZ[hlu g_ q_j_a iZjZf_lju Z y\guf h[jZahf LZcf_ju jZaguo ijhp_kkhjh\ fh]ml [ulv g_ kbgojhgbabjh\Zgu b \u^Z\Zlv jZaebqgu_ agZq_gby wlh fh`gh hij_^_eblv ih agZq_gbx iZjZf_ljZ MPI_WTIME_IS_GLOBAL (1 – kbgojhgbabjh\Zgu 0 - g_l

DOUBLE PRECISION MPI_WTICK(IERR) INTEGER IERR

Nmgdpby \ha\jZsZ_l jZaj_r_gb_ lZcf_jZ gZ \ua\Z\r_f ijhp_kk_ \ k_dmg^Zo WlZ nmgdpby lZd`_ \ha\jZsZ_l j_amevlZl k\h_c jZ[hlu g_ q_j_a iZjZf_lju Z y\guf h[jZahf

MPI_GET_PROCESSOR_NAME(NAME, LEN, IERR) CHARACTER*(*) NAME

INTEGER LEN, IERR

Ijhp_^mjZ \ha\jZsZ_l \ kljhd_ NAME bfy maeZ gZ dhlhjhf aZims_g \ua\Z\- rbc ijhp_kk < i_j_f_gghc LEN \ha\jZsZ_lky dhebq_kl\h kbf\heh\ \ bf_gb g_ ij_\urZxs__ agZq_gby dhgklZglu MPI_MAX_PROCESSOR_NAME K ihfhsvx wlhc ijhp_^mju fh`gh hij_^_eblv gZ dZdb_ bf_ggh nbabq_kdb_ ijhp_kkhju [ueb kieZgbjh\Zgu ijhp_kku MPI-ijbeh`_gby

< ke_^mxs_c ijh]jZff_ gZ dZ`^hf ijhp_kk_ hij_^_eyxlky ^\_ oZjZdl_jb- klbdb kbkl_fgh]h lZcf_jZ _]h jZaj_r_gb_ b \j_fy lj_[m_fh_ gZ aZf_j \j_- f_gb ^ey mkj_^g_gby ihemqZ_fh]h agZq_gby \uihegy_lky NTIMES aZf_jh\

LZd`_ \ ^Zgghf ijbf_j_ ihdZaZgh bkihevah\Zgb_ ijhp_^mju

MPI_GET_PROCESSOR_NAME.

10