Пособия / Techical English Basics. Основы технического английского
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Министерство образования Республики Беларусь
УЧРЕЖДЕНИЕ ОБРАЗОВАНИЯ «ГРОДНЕНСКИЙ ГОСУДАРСТВЕННЫЙ УНИВЕРСИТЕТ
ИМЕНИ ЯНКИ КУПАЛЫ»
TECHNICAL
E N G L I S H
B A S I C S
О С Н О В Ы ТЕХНИЧЕСКОГО АНГЛИЙСКОГО
Пособие по английскому языку для студентов технических специальностей
Гродно 2005
УДК 803.0(075.8) ББК 81.432.1
Т38
Авторы-составители: кандидат филологических наук, доцент, И.А.Болдак; преподаватель, Л.Р.Вайнерт, ст. преподаватель, Т.Т.Русинова.
Рецензенты: кандидат филологических наук, доцент В.С.Истомин;
кандидат филологических наук, доцент Н.И.Веренич.
Рекомендовано советом филологического факультета ГрГУ им. Я.Купалы
Techical English Basics = Основы технического английского : Т38 пособие по английскому языку / авт.-сост. И.А.Болдак [и др.] –
Гродно : ГрГУ, 2005. – 146 с.
ISBN 985-417-769-6
Пособие составлено на материалах текстов, взятых из оригинальных английских источников, и призвано способствовать развитию понимания и чтения, а также обеспечивает систематическую обработку основных грамматических явлений, включенных в программу.
УДК 802.0(075.8) ББК 81.432.1
ISBN 985-417-769-6 |
© ГрГУ им. Я.Купалы, 2005 |
ПРЕДИСЛОВИЕ
Настоящее пособие разработано в соответствии с системнодеятельностным подходом к обучению английскому языку и предназначено как для аудиторной, так и для самостоятельной работы студентов заочной формы обучения технических специальностей.
Основная цель пособия – обучение английскому языку. При максимальной системной обработке основных грамматических явлений пособие включает ознакомление студентов с лексическим материалом по специальности, подготовку обучаемых к успешной сдаче экзамена за весь курс обучения.
Пособие состоит из двух частей. Языковой материал в первой части пособия сгруппирован по темам, которые обозначены в начале каждого урока. Каждый из уроков включает тексты для изучающего чтения, а также устные и письменные упражнения, которые располагаются в порядке постепенного нарастания трудностей.
Материал второй части рассчитан на последовательное формирование начальных навыков чтения литературы по специальности. Работа над ним направлена на создание словарного запаса терминологической лексики.
В Приложении авторы предлагают студентам ознакомиться со структурой экзамена по английскому языку за курс обучения и повторить пройденные лексические и грамматические темы.
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P A R T I
UNIT 1 |
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Grammar: 1. Verb ‘to be’: the Present Tense |
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2. ‘There is/ there are’ |
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3. ‘Have/ have got’ |
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Text: |
‘The Moon’ |
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The Moon
When people look up into the sky, they can see that it is not empty. During the day, they can see the sun. At night, they see the moon and many, many stars.
The moon is nearer than the sun. The moon is about 240,000 miles away. The sun is farther, 93 million miles from us.
The sun is a star. It is a ball of fire; it sends out light. The moon is not hot. It does not send out light; it reflects light. The sun sends out light to the moon. Then the moon sends the sun’s light back to the earth.
The moon is very different from the earth. There is no air on the moon. It is both very hot and very cold there. During the day, it is very hot in the sunshine, but at night it can be –200 F. (129є below zero C.).
There are no trees, grass, or water on the moon, only rocks and deserts. There are many mountains that are from 2 to 5 miles high. There are at least 30,000 round holes in the moon called craters.
A moon is a smaller object in space that goes around a planet. Our moon goes around our earth. It takes about 28 days for the moon to go around the earth. At the same time the moon itself also turns. This takes about 28 days too. This is why one side of the moon is always turned toward the earth. The other side is always turned away. Spaceships went around the moon in the 1960s. They took the first pictures of the back side of the moon. In July 1969, two men from the United States stepped on the moon.
Words and expressions to be remembered:
empty |
during at night |
a star |
far away |
however |
to reflect light |
a hole |
a spaceship |
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Vocabulary and Comprehension Exercises
I. Answer the questions with a sentence from the text.
1. Is the moon as large as the sun?
2.How is the moon different from the sun?
3.How far from the moon is the earth? How far is it from the sun?
4.How is the moon different from the earth?
5.Two men walked on the moon in 1969. What country were they from? Do you know their names?
II. Are the sentences true or false?
1. The sun is nearer to us than the moon.
2.The moon looks almost the same size as the sun.
3.The sun reflects light.
4.It is always very cold on the moon.
5.Some of the mountains on the moon are 5 miles high.
6.We can see all of the moon.
7.The moon reflects light.
Drills
Дайте ответы на вопросы, следуя образцам.
Drill 1.Is this the Moon?
·Yes, it’s the Moon.
·No, it’s not the Moon.
1. Is this a star?
2.Is this the Sun?
3.Is this a desert?
4.Is this a spaceship?
5.Is this a plant?
6.Is this a crater?
Drill 2.Are you an architect?
· No, I’m not. |
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1. a doctor |
6. a scientist |
2. a pilot |
7. a photographer |
3. an engineer |
8. a reporter |
4. a teacher |
9. a nurse |
5. a housewife |
10.a driver |
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Drill 3.Is he happy?
· Yes, he is always happy.
1. late |
4. right |
7. tired |
10. bored |
2. busy |
5. wrong |
8. happy |
11. angry |
3. funny |
6. ill |
9. hungry |
12. crazy |
Drill 4. Peter is cold, isn’t he?
· Yes, he is. He is very cold.
1. Peter is hot, isn’t he?
2.Peter is hungry, isn’t he?
3.Peter is busy, isn’t he?
4.Peter is ill, isn’t he?
5.Peter is tired, isn’t he?
6.Peter is angry, isn’t he?
7.Peter is happy, isn’t he?
8.Peter is cold, isn’t he?
Grammar Exercises
I. Проанализируйте формы глагола ‘to bе’, приведенные в таблице.
to be: Present Simple
I am (I’m) |
am I? |
I am (I’m) not |
you are (you’re) |
are you? |
you are not (aren’t) |
he is (he’s) |
is he? |
he is not (isn’t) |
she is (she’s) |
is she? |
she is not (isn’t) |
it is (it’s) |
is it? |
it is not (isn’t) |
we are (we’re) |
are we? |
we are not (aren’t) |
you are (you’re) |
are you? |
you are not (aren’t) |
they are (they’re) |
are they? |
they are not (aren’t) |
II. Напишите полную форму в следующих словосочетаниях.
1. it’s |
3. we’re |
5. aren’t |
7. She’s American. |
2. isn’t |
4. they’re |
6. I’m English |
8. He’s from Oxford |
III. Заполните пропуски, употребляя ‘I, you, she, he, am, ‘m, are, ‘re, is, ‘s’.
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1. George is Swiss...... |
is from Geneva. |
2.‘Mrs Alexander isn’t English.’ – ‘No? Where’s..... from?’
3.‘Are you American?’ – ‘Yes, I.....’.
4.‘What do..... do?’ – ‘.....’m a doctor’.
5.‘..... you married?’ – ‘Yes, I.....’.
6.‘What..... your name?’ – ‘Charles’.
7.‘..... your name Alice?’ – ‘No, it...n’t’.
8.‘What does Mary do?’ – ‘..... ..... a shop assistant’.
IV. Напишите следующие предложения, заполнив пропуски конструкциями ‘there is’ или ‘there are’.
1. ........ no air on the Moon.
2. ........ no trees on the Moon.
3. ........ a desert on the Moon.
4. ........ no water on the Moon.
5. ........ some news in the paper.
6. ........ a lot of rocks on the Moon. 7. ........ craters on the Moon.
V. Перепишите предложения, используя ‘have got’ в соответствующей форме.
e.g. She has a dog. –—— She’s got a dog.
She doesn’t have a cat. –—— She hasn’t got a cat.
1. I don’t have a car. I have a bike.
2.‘Do you have a dog?’ – ‘Yes, I do.’
3.He has a motorbike. He doesn’t have a car.
4.They have a flat. They don’t have a house.
5.‘Does he have a computer?’ – ‘No, he doesn’t.’
6.‘Does she have a new job?’ – Yes, she does.’
7.We don’t have much money. They have a lot.
VI. Поставьтевсетипывопросовкследующимпредложениям.
1. During the day it is very hot on the Moon.
2.There are no trees, grass or water on the Moon.
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UNIT 2
Grammar: 1. The Present Simple Tense
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Position of Adverbs of Frequency |
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3. |
Plural of Nouns |
Text: |
‘Buckingham Palace’ |
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Buckingham Palace
The Palace. There are two addresses in London that the whole world knows. One is 10 Downing Street, where the Prime Minister lives. The other is Buckingham Palace. This famous palace, first built in 1703, is in the very centre of London.
It is a family house, where children play and grow up. It is also the place where presidents, kings, and politicians go to meet the Queen. Buckingham Palace is like a small town, with a police station, two post offices, a hospital, a bar, two sports clubs, a disco, a cinema, and a swimming pool. There are 600 rooms and three miles of red carpet. Two men work full-time to look after the 300 clocks. About 700 people work in the Palace.
The Queen’s Day. When the Queen gets up in the morning, seven people look after her. One starts her bath, one prepares her clothes, and one feeds the Royal dogs. She has eight or nine dogs, and they sleep in their own bedroom near the Queen’s bedroom. Two people bring her breakfast. She has coffee from Harrods, toast, and eggs. Every day for fifteen minutes, a piper plays Scottish music outside her room and the Queen reads The Times. Every Tuesday evening, she meets the Prime Minister. They talk about world news and have a drink, perhaps a gin and tonic or a whisky.
An Invitation to the Palace. When the Queen invites a lot of people for dinner, it takes three days to prepare the table and three days to do the washing-up. Everybody has five glasses: one for red wine, one for white wine, one for water, one for port, and one for liqueur. During the first and second courses, the Queen speaks to the person on her left and then she speaks to the person on her right for the rest of the meal. When the Queen finishes her food, everybody finishes, and it is time for the next course!
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Words and expressions to be remembered:
the whole world famous to grow up |
to be like to work full-time |
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to prepare to feed Royal |
own |
Harrods a piper outside |
to do the washing-up |
everybody during a course |
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Vocabulary and Comprehension Exercises
I. Are the sentences true or false?
1. The Palace is more than two hundred years old.
2.It is famous because it is in the centre of London.
3.The same person starts the Queen’s bath, prepares her clothes, and feeds the dogs.
4.The dogs sleep in the Queen’s bedroom.
5.The Queen and the Prime Minister go out for a drink on Tuesday
nights.
II. Answer the questions.
1. Why is Buckingham Palace like a small town?
2.Are there many clocks?
3.How many dogs does the Queen have?
4.What newspaper does she read?
5.What sort of music does the piper play?
6.Why do people have five glasses on the table?
7.What happens when the Queen finishes her food?
III. Translate the sentences into English.
1. Есть два адреса в Лондоне, которые знает весь мир.
2.Этот знаменитый дворец, впервые построенный в 1703, находится в самом центре Лондона.
3.Букингемский дворец напоминает маленький город с полицейским участком, двумя почтовыми отделениями, больницей, баром, двумя спортивными клубами, дискотекой, кинотеатром и плавательным бассейном.
4.Когда Королева встает утром, семь человек прислуживают ей.
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5.У нее восемь или девять собак, и они спят в своей собственной спальне рядом со спальней Королевы.
6.Когда Королева приглашает много людей на обед, требуется три дня, чтобы накрыть стол, и три дня, чтобы убрать со стола (помыть посуду).
Drills
Дайте ответы на вопросы, следуя образцам.
Drill 1.Do you get up early?
·Yes, I do.
·No, I don’t.
1. Do you finish studies late?
2.Do you know your address?
3.Do they write dictations?
4.Do you play hockey?
8.Do your parents work full-time?
9.Do they read theTimes?
10. Do you learn English?
11. Do you like tea?
5.Do your friends swim well? 12. Do you like coffee?
6.Do you go to work on Saturday? 13. Do they talk about politics?
7.Do you feed the Royal dogs? 14. Do you like football?
Drill 2.Do you play golf every day?
· No, I don’t. I do not play golf every day.
1. Do you know French?
2.Do you speak Italian?
3.Do you smoke?
4.Do your friends watch TV every day?
5.Do you teach physics?
6.Do your parents travel a lot?
7.Does your friend like fast food?
8.Do we learn Spanish?
9.Do you like Japanese cars?
10.Do you play the piano?
Drill 3.Do you ever study in the library?
· I always do. (usually, often, sometimes, rarely, never)
1. Do you ever spend your holidays abroad?
2.Does your brother ever play tennis?
3.Does your sister ever study at night?
4.Do you ever miss your English classes?
5.Does your mother ever go shopping on Sunday?
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