Joints of ribs with vertebral column and sternum

Joints

Articular surfaces

Ligaments

Type of joint

Movements of a joint

Joint of the head of the rib (articolatio capitis costae-latin)

Articular surface of the head of the rib; superior and inferior costal facets of two adjacent thoracic vertebrae, except I, XI , XII ribs, heads of whitch connect with full costal facets I, XI, XII th. vertebrae.

Intra-articular ligament (lig. capitis costae intraarticulare) except I, XI , XII ribs ;

radiate ligament (lig. capitis costae radiatum)

Ball and socket, combined

multiaxial

Rise and lower ribs (axis of movement passes along of the neck of the rib)

Costotransverse joint (articulatio costotransversaria)

except XI , XII ribs

Articular surface of the tubercle of the rib, transverse costal facet.

Lateral and superior costotransverse ligaments (ligamenta costotransersaria laterale et superius)

plane, combined

multiaxial

Rise and lower ribs (axis of movement passes along of the neck of the rib)

Sternocostal joints (articulationes sternocostales)

Articular surfaces of cartilages II—VII ribs, costal notch of sternum (I^st rib connect with manubium by synchondrosis)

Radiate sternocostal ligaments (lig. sternocostalia radiata) formatting the sternal membrane(membrana sterni)

II^nd joint has intra-articular ligament

plane

multiaxial, sedentary

Rise and lower ribs

Interchondral joins (articulationes interchondrales)

Or syndesmosis

Articular surface of cartilages VIII- X.

Or cartilages of VIII, IX, X ribs grow together, while cartilage of VIII rib — with ones of VII rib.

Interal, external intercostal membrane (membrana intercostalis interna et externa)

-

or plane

limited

Joints

Articular surfaces

Ligaments

Type of joint

Axis of movement

Movements of a joint

Atlanto-occipital joint (art. atlantooccipitalis)

2 condyles of the occipital bone, superior articular surfaces

of atlas

anterior atlanto-ocipital membrane (membrana atlantooccipitalis anterior);

posterior atlanto-ocipital membrane (membrana atlantooccipitalis posterior)

elipsoid,

biaxial, combined

saggital,

frontal(transverse)

nodding movements,

lateral inclination of the head

Median atlanto-axial joint

(art. atlantoaxilaris mediana)

Facet for dens of atlas, anterior articular facet of odontoid process (dens) of axis

cruciate ligament of atlas(lig.cruciforme atlantis), formating by crossing of 2 ligaments: transverse ligament of the atlas (lig. transversum atlantis) and fibrous longitudinal bands (fasciculi longitudinales) from posterior longitudinal ligament;

apical ligament of dens (lig. apicis dentis);

alar ligaments (ligamenta alaria);

tectorial membrane (membrana tectoria)

hinge,

uniaxial

vertical

(longitudinal)

rotatory movement of the head

Lateral atlanto-axial joints

(art. atlantoaxilaris laterales)

superior articular facet of axis, inferior articular surface of atlas

plane, combined, multiaxial

vertical

(longitudinal)

rotatory movement of the head