2. Переведите предложения, обращая внимание на различные значения слова «for».
1) The box was too heavy for her to lift. 2) It is necessary for the struggle for higher living standards and democracy to be waged in the interests of international cooperation. 3) The result is years of unemployment for millions and the painful need for large amounts of investment to be written off. 4) When it was time for the credit to be repaid the bank sent its clients notification. 5) In general, it is economically better for a business to incorporate when its profit before taxes reaches about $50,000 a year. 6) Stockists (agents) must work on a higher profit margin, for they have to pay for stocks for which they will not receive payment for some time. 7) Here are some useful things for you to remember.
§ 9 Инфинитив в сложном дополнении
Complex Object
Эта конструкция состоит из существительного или местоимения в объектном падеже и инфинитива.
I know him to be a good painter.
Я знаю, что он хорошо рисует.
Переводится придаточным предложением, вводимым союзами «что, чтобы, как». Подлежащим этого предложения является существительное или местоимение оборота, а сказуемым - инфинитив.
Употребляется только после определённых глаголов, то есть формальным признаком оборота являются так называемые «вводящие» глаголы, которые следует запомнить:
|
want |
wish |
would |
like |
hate |
prefer |
etc. |
I want you to help me.
Я хочу, чтобы ты помог мне.
|
see |
hear |
watch |
feel |
notice |
|
(после которых инфинитив употребляется без «to»)
I saw him got off the bus.
Я видел, как он вышел из автобуса.
|
know |
think |
hope |
|
consider estimate |
считать |
believe assume suppose |
полагать |
expect intend |
ожидать предполагать |
We consider him to be very talented.
Мы считаем, что он очень талантлив.
При отсутствии таких вводящих глаголов оборот Complex Object не образуется.
We helped them to repair the engine.
Мы помогли им отремонтировать двигатель.
При переводе оборота следует обращать взимание на форму как вводящего глагола, так и инфинитива. Indefinite Infinitive передаётся глаголом а настоящем или прошедшем времени (в зависимости от времени вводящего глагола), a Perfect infinitive - только в прошедшем.
После глаголов expect и hope инфинитив чаще всего передается глаголом будущего времени.
We expect this book to appear on sale very soon.
Мы ожидаем (надеемся), что эта книга очень скоро появится в продаже.
Переведите предложения.
A 1) Every mother wishes her children to be happy. 2) I saw the taxi stop at the door. 3) The engineer thought these young workers to be right. 4) We believe them to follow our advice. 5) Nobody noticed her to leave the room. 6) He wanted us to come and see his new tape-recorder. 7) She did not expect me to do it so quickly. 8) Have you seen him make this experiment? 9) I heard somebody mention his name at the last meeting. 10) I heard her come in but I didn't see her leave the house.
B 1) Every businessman would tike fuel and raw materials to be cheap. 2) We expected our equipment to be more expensive. 3) The Parliament wanted the new law to be adopted at the first reading. 4) They did not want the minister to take part in the election. 5) The head of the Government invited the ministers to come. 6) We would like the prices to be reduced by 5% and the taxes to be cut. 7) The interbank credit market watches the credit activity to be guided by certain rules. 8) The financial market considers price reduction for state treasury bills to be temporary. 9) The main banker believed the whole problem to be one of the reasons for banking crisis.
C 1) Не wanted his staff not to lower quantitative indicators. 2) The agency considers large advantages must initially be established for individuals. 3) Energy suppliers never expected their initiatives to produce bad results. 4) The government is interested in the enterprises to flourish. 5) We expect the transport formalities to be completed within the next 8-10 weeks. 6) The bank expected $8 million to be paid into the account of that enterprise. 7) The author has undertaken a political-economic analysis of the current recession and shows it to be the historic consequence of the workings of the system.