
Твердотельная электроника.-2
.pdf.
, |
, |
.
11
2.
« |
» |
, |
, |
.
|
: |
1. |
; |
2. |
; |
3. |
, |
, |
; |
4. |
|
;
5. |
, |
, |
, |
;
6.
.
,
,
.
12
|
3. |
|
|
|
3.1. |
, |
|
|
|
1. |
. |
|
|
|
, |
ё |
- |
|
: |
, |
, |
. |
|
|
|
|
|
|
, |
|
, |
, |
|
. |
|
|
|
. |
|
2. |
Э |
. |
|
|
|
ё |
|
|
. |
|
, |
: |
|
|
|
. |
, |
|
ё |
, |
|
|
|
. |
|
|
. |
|
|
|
. |
|
|
. |
, |
|
. |
Ф |
- |
|
. |
: |
|
, ё |
|
|
|
|
. |
. |
|
. |
|
. |
3. |
|
|
. |
|
|
, |
, |
|
|
|
. |
|
|
|
. |
|
|
. |
|
|
. |
|
|
|
|
. |
|
|
|
13
4. |
|
|
|
. |
|
|
. |
|
|
. |
. |
|
p-n |
|
|
. |
|
|
|
|
. |
|
|
. |
|
|
|
, |
. |
|
|
|
. |
|
|
5. |
|
|
|
|
. |
: |
|
|
|
, |
|
. |
- |
. |
Ф |
|
|
|
. |
|
|
|
. |
Ф |
|
|
|
|
: |
|
|
|
, |
|
, |
|
|
, |
ё |
. |
|
. |
|
|
|
|
|
6. |
Ф |
|
|
|
|
|
|
. |
|
, |
|
|
|
|
|
|
: |
|
|
|
|
, |
|
|
. |
|
|
|
|
. |
|
|
|
|
, |
|
, |
|
|
, |
|
|
. |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
, |
|
|
. |
Ф |
|
. |
. |
Ф |
. |
- |
|
. |
. |
14
Ф |
. |
.
7. Э |
|
|
|
|
. |
|
|
. |
|
|
|
|
. |
|
|
. |
|
|
|
|
|
|
. |
|
|
|
|
|
|
. |
Ф |
- |
|
. |
|
|
|
. |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
. |
|
|
|
|
, |
|
. |
|
|
|
|
|
. Ф |
|
|
|
. |
|
|
|
p-n |
, |
|
. |
|
|
|
|
8. |
|
|
|
|
|
. |
|
|
|
. |
|
|
|
|
. |
|
|
|
|
|
|
. |
- |
. |
|
|
|
- |
: |
- |
|
|
, |
|
. |
Ф |
|
|
|
: |
, |
|
|
|
. |
|
|
|
9. |
Ж |
|
|
|
|
. |
|
|
|
. |
|
|
. |
|
|
|
|
|
, |
, |
. |
|
, |
|
|
|
|
. |
|
|
|
: |
Ф |
, |
- |
, |
|
|
|
. |
|
15
|
. |
“ |
- |
”. |
|
|
|
. |
|
|
|
|
|
: |
|
|
|
, |
, |
|
|
. . |
|
10. |
|
|
|
. |
|
|
|
. |
|
- |
- |
. |
|
|
|
. |
|
|
|
|
. |
|
|
|
. |
|
|
|
|
. |
|
|
|
|
|
11. |
|
|
|
|
. |
|
|
|
, |
|
: |
|
|
|
, |
|
, |
, |
|
|
. |
|
, |
|
|
: |
|
, |
|
.
|
3.2 |
|
|
|
|
|
№ 1 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
: |
|
|
- |
|
Ф |
|
|
|
|
( |
|
№№ 1, 4, |
5, |
6 |
|
); |
|
|
|
|
- |
p-n |
( |
№№ 1, |
4, 5, |
6 |
|
); |
|
|
|
|
16
- |
, |
|
|
|
|
|
( |
№ 1, 5 |
|
|
|
); |
|
- |
« |
– |
», « |
– |
» ( |
№№ 1, 4, |
5 |
|
|
|
). |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
№ 2 |
|
|
|
|
: |
|
|
- |
|
|
|
|
p-n |
|
|
|
|
( |
№№ 1, 5, 6 |
|
|
|
); |
|
|
|
|
|
- |
|
|
|
|
( |
№ 5 |
|
|
|
|
); |
|
|
- |
|
|
|
( |
№ |
3 |
|
|
|
). |
|
|
|
|
|
3.3. |
|
|
|
1. |
« |
p-n |
|
|
|
|
». – 4 |
. |
|
|
|
2. « |
|
|
|
» - 4 |
. |
3. « |
|
- |
» - 5 |
. |
|
4. |
« |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
» - 4 |
. |
|
17
|
|
4. |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
1. |
|
|
. . |
|
|
|
. |
., |
|
|
|
|
|
, |
2004. - 488 . |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
2. |
|
. ., |
|
. . |
|
|
|
. |
., |
|
, |
|
1986. - 388 . |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
||
3. |
|
. ., |
|
. |
. |
|
. ., |
|
, 1982. - 207 . |
|
||
3. |
|
., |
. |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
. |
. |
|
. . . |
|
|
. – .: - |
, 1991. – 501 . |
|
|
|
|
|
||
4. |
. Ф |
|
|
|
|
|
. |
1. |
. |
|
. |
. |
. |
. |
. – |
.: |
|
– 1984. – 453 . |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
5. |
|
. |
. Ф |
|
|
. – |
.: |
|
. - |
1991, - 416 . |
|
|
6. |
|
. . |
|
|
|
: |
|
|
|
. |
: |
|
|
, 2005. – 183 . |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
||
7. |
|
. . |
|
|
|
|
|
. |
., 2000. – 393 . |
|
||
8. |
|
., |
|
. |
. Ф |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
. |
.: |
|
|
. – 1984.- 286 . |
|
|
|
|
|
|
18

5. « |
» |
5.1.
|
. |
|
|
. |
|
|
|
, |
|
. |
|
|
|
, |
|
|
. |
|
|
, |
|
( |
, |
|
), |
|
|
|
: |
, |
|
, |
. |
|
, |
|
, |
|
– |
, |
. |
|
.1 |
EV |
EC , |
. |
|
|
Eg , |
|
|
, |
|
|
|
E |
19

EC Ei EV , |
|
. |
Ei . |
1 |
. |
: EV =0. |
|
, |
–.
, |
. |
, |
EV EC . |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
. |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
. |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
( |
) |
|
|
|
. |
|
||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
. |
|
|
|
|
|
E |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Ф |
- |
: |
|
|
|
f ( E ) |
1 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
E F |
|
. |
|
|
(5.1) |
||||
|
|
|
|
k T |
|
|
|
|
|||
|
|
|
1 exp |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
f ( E ) |
|
|
|
|||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||
E , |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Ф |
F . |
k 1.38 10 |
23 |
/ |
– |
|
|
|
|
|
, T |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||
|
|
|
. |
|
|
|
|
|
f ( E ) |
|
|
, |
|
|
0 |
|
1. |
|
|
|
f E |
0 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
E : |
|
|
, |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
, |
, |
|
|
|
|
( |
|
|
|
|
|
, |
, |
. . |
), |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
, |
|
20