Министерство науки и высшего образования Российской Федерации Федеральное государственное бюджетное образовательное учреждение высшего образования

«Томский государственный университет систем управления и радиоэлектроники»

Е. Ю. Надеждина

IT TECHNOLOGIES: CAREER PATH IN MODERN BUSINESS

Учебнометодическое пособие по английскому языку

Томск

ТУСУР

2019

IT TECHNOLOGIES: CAREER PATH IN MODERN BUSINESS - это учебно-

методическое пособие для общеобразовательной и профессиональноориентированной подготовки по английскому языку магистрантов по специальности 11.04.02 «Инфокоммуникационные технологии и системы связи», 09.04.01 «Информатика и вычислительная техника», 09.04.04 «Программная инженерия», 12.04.03 «Фотоника и оптоинформатика», 38.04.05 «Предпринимательство и организация бизнеса в сфере информационных технологий», а также специалистов в области информационных технологий, которые хотят улучшить свои навыки общения на английском языке для академического и профессионального взаимодействия в рабочей среде, способного анализировать и учитывать разнообразие культур в процессе межкультурного взаимодействия.

Данное учебно-методическое пособие состоит из 5 юнитов, освещающих различные аспекты развития карьеры в сфере информационных технологий и коммуникаций, а также тренировочные лексические и лексикограмматические упражнения, необходимые для осуществления профессионального общения. Каждый юнит содержит аутентичный текст для формирования и совершенствования знаний, умений и навыков, обозначенных рабочей программой по дисциплине, направленный на формирование универсальных компетенций, обозначенных ФГОС 3++ (УК - 4, 5, 6).

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Content

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UNIT 1. WHAT IS INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY?

Vocabulary

Directions: Study the following keywords and definitions.

1.Bedrock (n) -основа, фундамент.

2.Hardware (n) – аппаратные средства информатизации, «железо».

3.Software (n) - программное оборудование, софт .

4.Brainware (n) - разработка ПО.

5.To retrieve (v) - выполнить поиск и выборку.

6.To transmit (v) – передавать данные.

7.To manipulate data (v) - оперировать данными.

8.To overtake (v) – опережать.

9.To be responsible for (v) – быть ответственным за.

10.Business objectives –бизнес-цели.

11.Implementation (n) - ввод в работу, внедрение.

12.Long-term goal –перспективная цель, долгосрочные цели.

13.To be broken down into (v) – разделяться на, делиться на части.

14.Front-end development - разработка клиентской части приложений. 15.Back-end development - разработка серверной части приложений.

16.IT apprenticeships - профессиональное обучение без отрыва от производства.

17.IT internships - преддипломная практика. 18.Involve (v) – включать в себя, касаться.

19.Stepping-stone (n) - средство для достижения цели, улучшения положения.

20.Consumer (n) – потребитель.

Reading comprehension section

What is Information Technology?

Information Technology is the bedrock of today's society. IT has many branches including hardware, software, brainware, coding and data, which form this digital entity. Computers, smartphones and other devices are used to store, study, retrieve, transmit and manipulate data both in a professional and personal context.

The term 'information technology' was established by the Harvard Business Review, in order to make a distinction between purpose-built machines designed to perform a limited amount of functions with general-purpose computing machines that can be programmed for various tasks.

IT includes hardware, software and brainware. Hardware is focused on the physical elements involved with IT, whereas software is concerned with automation tools, operating systems and applications. As for brainware, it accurately sorts paper and electronic documents and seamlessly pass content to your core business applications. This allows you to more efficiently process documents, even different file types, in different languages, across different departments. And with no templates to build, it’s the fastest and most accurate way to capture content on the front end and deliver it wherever you need it.

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Opportunities in Information Technology

There are many different roles available in IT, so if you're looking to start a career there are sure to be a number of opportunities to suit your skills, personal characteristics and lifestyle. The most common job roles include:

IT Consultant. An IT Consultant is responsible for dealing directly with clients and advising them on how to use IT to meet the business objective and resolve problems effectively with efficiency.

Applications Developer. The role of an Applications Developer is to translate software requirements into workable code, combined with the maintenance and development of programs for organizational use.

Network Engineer. A Network Engineer's role focuses on the communication network through the implementation, maintenance, support and development of a communication network within an organization.

IT Trainer. An IT Trainer is responsible for designing, delivering and implementing training programmes related to information technology.

IT Sales Professional. An IT Sales Professional may be part of three components of the sale process; pre-sales, sales and post-sales support of hardware and software. IT Sales Professionals are in direct contact with clients, providing information about technical specifications, the ways in which IT can meet their needs and any potential IT solutions that can resolve any problems.

Business Analyst. A Business Analyst is responsible for helping to manage change and plan for the long-term goals of an organization.

Games Developer. A Games Developer is responsible for the creation and developments of games for computers, consoles, mobile and tablet devices and arcades. There are two distinguishing components of games development: design and programming. As a Games Developer, you will be involved with either of these areas.

Web Developer. A Web Developer's role focuses on building and maintaining websites and web applications. Web development responsibilities can be broken down into front-end development or back-end development.

IT Technical Support Officer. IT Technical Support Officers monitor and maintain the computer systems and networks of an organization and depending on the size of the company, your role may span one or more areas of expertise.

How to start a career in Information Technology

There are many routes in Information Technology, from undergraduate degrees to graduate schemes, IT apprenticeships, IT internships and information technology diplomas - there is an educational style to suit everyone with a passion for IT.

If you're looking to complete a degree in information technology, there are many degrees to be found online at UCAS (Universities and Colleges Admissions Service https://www.ucas.com/). Each university will have different entry requirements, therefore it is recommended to check with the course provider before you apply.

Graduate schemes are also available with major companies as well as small to medium enterprises. Graduate schemes are only available to individuals who have

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graduated from an undergraduate degree to provide a stepping-stone into employment.

IT apprenticeships are another route into the IT industry. An apprenticeship is an ideal route for individuals looking to gain an IT qualification without going to university and earn a salary at the same time. Apprenticeships will teach you handson experience in the industry as well as gaining the essential knowledge you need to succeed in the sector. Some apprenticeships can also lead to direct employment within the organization the apprentice is training at. There are four levels of apprenticeship:

Intermediate: equivalent to five GCSEs (General Certificate of Secondary Education) at grades A* to C.

Higher – equivalent to a foundation degree or above

Advanced: equivalent to two A-Level passes.

Degree apprenticeships - equivalent to a Bachelors or Masters Degree. Other alternative routes include gaining a relevant diploma or qualification by an accredited awarding body. Not only can an accredited qualification or diplomas provide an entry route into the information technology industry, but they can also equip professionals with advanced skills and validate their level of ability and competency.

Question 1: Suggest a different title for this text. Why do you think that this would make a good title?

Question 2: What connections can you make between the text and other texts, information, or experiences?

Question 3: If you were asked to edit this text down to half its length, what details would you remove?

Question 4: What is the main idea of this text? What details from the text support the main idea?

Question 5: Write 3-5 sentences summarizing the text.

Focus on Grammar

The simple present is used in 3 cases.

1.General truths: "The sun rises in the east."

2.Habits: "I drink coffee every morning."

3.Conditions: "Today is sunny."

Task 1.1: Identify how the simple present is used in the sentence(s) below

1.IT includes both hardware and software.

2.A Web Developer's role focuses on building and maintaining websites and web applications.

3.IT Technical Support Officers monitor and maintain the computer systems and networks of an organization and depending on the size of the company, your role may span one or more areas of expertise.

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4.IT has many branches including hardware, software, coding and data, which form this digital entity.

5.A Games Developer is responsible for the creation and developments of games for computers, consoles, mobile and tablet devices and arcades.

Word Roots & Stems

Rule: The suffix - er adds "one who" to the meaning of a word, like a driver.

Task 1.2.: Fill in the blanks below, just as in the models. Give your examples.

Vocabulary Practice

Task 1.3.: Use the word bank to identify the word that best completes the sentence.

1.The program allows you to … items quickly by searching under a keyword..

2.The radio stations … radio shows 24 hours a day.

3.Please don't … me in your argument.

4.Manhattan has a thick layer of … that provides the foundation for tall buildings.

5.Computer … includes the physical, tangible parts or components of a computer, such as a cabinet, central processing unit, monitor, keyboard, computer data storage, graphics card, sound card, speakers and motherboard.

6.… is a set of objects providing a web-based set of groupware tools (mail, FTP, IRC, calendar, forum, and H323 video conference for the time being), creating a knowledge workplace for organizations of any size.

7.Multimedia primarily used to define applications and technologies that … …, text, images, and voice and full-motion video objects.

8.The Joint Technical Secretariat … … … implementing the Information and Communication Plan

9.The primary … … of BGK is to provide banking services for the public finance

sector

10.A compilation of the results achieved in support of … … … has been provided to the Director-General and shared with the Executive Board annually.

11.We see this as a … … for closer collaboration in the future.

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12.These could include evaluating the impact on the environment resulting from the

… of the programme

Task 1.4.: Write the letter of a word that matches the definition.

television broadcast, etc.

10.components and features that are indirectly accessed by a user through a front-end application or system

11.a period of time during which a student or new graduate gets practical

12.being the cause of something.

Task 1.5.: For each of the words in the box, write an original sentence using the word. Circle the vocabulary word in each sentence. Be sure to write a sentence that would help the reader better understand the meaning of the word.

Task 1.6. Translate sentences from Russian into English

1.Информационные технологии это процесс, использующий совокупность средств и методов сбора, обработки и передачи данных для получения информации.

2.Компьютеры, смартфоны и другие устройства используются для хранения, изучения, извлечения, передачи и манипулирования данными как в профессиональной, так и в личной сфере деятельности.

3.Понятие ИТ включает в себя аппаратное обеспечение, программное обеспечение и интеллектуальное оборудование.

4.Термин «информационные технологии» впервые появился в Harvard Business Review, чтобы различать специализированные машины, предназначенные для выполнения ограниченного количества функций с вычислительными машинами общего назначения, которые могут быть запрограммированы для различных задач.

5.На предприятиях различных сфер деятельности информационные технологии, как правило, связаны с решением кроткосрочных и долгосрочных задач бухгалтерского учета, накоплением информации по отдельным видам бизнес-процессов, созданием информационных баз данных по направленности деятельности фирмы и организации.

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UNIT 2 IMPORTANCE OF INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY IN

BUSINESS AND ITS NEW ROLE

Vocabulary

Directions: Study the following keywords and definitions.

1.Typewriter (n) - пишущая машинка, машинистка, печать.

2.Carbon sheets (n) - копия через копирку.

3.Burgeoning technology (n) – быстро растущая (развивающаяся) технология.

4.Dizzying pace (phr) - головокружительный темп.

5.Acquisition (n) - вступление во владение; присоединение к компании другого юридического лица.

6.To comprise (v) - включать, заключать в себе, составлять.

7.To encompass (v) – охватывать, включать в себя.

8.Retrieve (n) - поиск (информации)

9.Spreadsheet (n) - динамическая таблица; программа табличных расчётов; электронная таблица.

10.Databases (n) - заносить информацию в базу данных; информационная база данных.

11.Overstate (v) – преувеличивать.

12.Under the umbrella (prep) - под егидой, в рамках.

13.Executable programs (n) - исполнимая программа (программа, готовая к исполнению на данном компьютере. Для этого её исходный текст транслируется в объектный модуль, который затем компонуется с библиотеками времени исполнения)

14.Ubiquitous (adj) - повсеместно доступный, общедоступный. 15.To keep tabs on - следить за кем-либо/чем-либо.

16.To keep a watchful eye on - внимательно следить за.

17.To trim costs (v) - сокращать расходы, урезать цены.

18.To utilize resources (v) - использовать ресурсы.

19.Real-time inventory – система учёта в режиме реального времени.

20.E-commerce (n) - торговля по Интернету, покупки и продажи через интернет.

Reading

Importance of Information Technology in the Business Sector

Just 25 years ago, most business offices would have been stocked with typewriters and carbon sheets, instead of computers and printers. Once computers became mainstream consumer items, the business world adopted the burgeoning technology at a dizzying pace. The modern economy places a premium on the acquisition, processing and proper use of information in all its forms and formats. Today, the sum of all computer-based and digital technology used for the management of

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information in both the public and private sectors is referred to as information technology, or IT. Information technology is responsible for innovative leaps and improvements to the workplace across multiple sectors of the market and plays a critical role in business organizations.

What Is Business Information Technology?

The systems that comprise information technology in a business today encompass a number of types of computers, storage and networking equipment. In fact, one definition of business information technology is the use of any computers, storage, networking and other physical devices, infrastructure and processes to create, process, store, secure and exchange all forms of electronic data.

IT, therefore, includes any mechanical or digital method by which a business office collects, maintains, retrieves or uses information. In this context, information can mean written content, documents, databases, spreadsheets, emails, audio or video files, digital forms that are completed and submitted via the internet, and much more.

Importance of IT in Business

It is difficult to overstate the importance of information technology in today’s business climate. No matter what industry it belongs to, a business’ lifeblood in today’s economy is the information that makes it possible for it to conduct business.

Businesses utilize IT in a number of different contexts and for many different purposes. In other words, IT is not just computers. For example, telephones, radio equipment and VOIP services used for vocal communications are included under the IT umbrella. In the same way, peripherals such as printers, copiers, scanners and 3D printers are also considered part of a business’ IT systems.

Of course, when most people think IT, they think of computers: desktop machines, laptops and mobile devices used by individuals to input and manipulate data, create digital documents, conduct research, and more. IT also includes the applications and executable programs that are installed on these devices to enable the user to complete the task at hand. Somewhat less obviously, IT may also include the costs associated with purchasing, configuring and maintaining the necessary hardware and equipment to keep the company’s IT systems operating smoothly. In these ways, IT has become critical to the global business community.

Role of Information Technology in an Organization

The role of information technology in various sectors has evolved quickly since the last decade of the 20th century. Modern organizations use information technology throughout most, if not all, departments and across most functions. The obvious example is email. The email has become ubiquitous in connecting employees to each other, between departments and between locations or markets. This is true whether a business is local with a single point of presence or maintains offices in multiple locations in multiple countries.

However, IT goes far beyond mundane operations. The right IT systems give companies a competitive edge, enabling them to enter larger markets and expand products or service lines more efficiently, as well as keep tabs on competitors. IT has now become such a pervasive aspect of business operations that many employees and managers no longer see it as a separate function. Rather, IT has become an

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