Адаптация животных к хроническим факторам
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Ɇɚɤɫɢɦɚɥɶɧɨɟ ɤɨɥɢɱɟɫɬɜɨ ɤɨɤɨɧɨɜ ɜɫɬɪɟɱɚɥɨɫɶ ɜ ɩɪɢɝɪɚɧɢɱɧɨɣ ɨɛɥɚɫɬɢ ɡɚ ɝɪɹɡɧɺɧɧɨɣ ɛɟɧɡɢɧɨɦ ɜ ɤɨɧɰɟɧɬɪɚɰɢɢ ɤɝ ɦ2 ɦɢɧɢɦɚɥɶɧɨɟ ɧɚ ɝɪɚɧɢɰɟ ɫ ɭɱɚɫɬ ɤɚɦɢ ɡɚɝɪɹɡɧɟɧɢɹ ɞɢɡɟɥɶɧɵɦ ɬɨɩɥɢɜɨɦ ɜɫɟɯ ɤɨɧɰɟɧɬɪɚɰɢɣ ɢ ɪɚɜɧɹɥɨɫɶ ɷɤ ɡɟɦɩɥɹɪɨɜ ɇɚ ɭɱɚɫɬɤɚɯ ɡɚɝɪɹɡɧɟɧɧɵɯ ɛɟɧɡɢɧɨɦ ɞɢɡɟɥɶɧɵɦ ɬɨɩɥɢɜɨɦ ɢ ɧɟɮɬɶɸ, ɤɨɤɨɧɨɜ ɧɟ ɨɛɧɚɪɭɠɟɧɨ ȼɟɪɨɹɬɧɨ ɫɬɚɪɵɟ ɤɨɤɨɧɵ ɧɚ -ɣ ɞɟɧɶ ɩɨɫɥɟ ɜɧɟɫɟɧɢɹ ɡɚɝɪɹɡɧɢɬɟɥɟɣ ɩɨɥɧɨɫɬɶɸ ɪɚɡɥɨɠɢɥɢɫɶ ɜ ɬɨ ɜɪɟɦɹ ɤɚɤ ɧɨɜɵɟ ɤɨɤɨɧɵ ɧɟ ɨɬɤɥɚ ɞɵɜɚɥɢɫɶ ɉɪɢ ɫɪɚɜɧɟɧɢɢ ɤɨɧɬɪɨɥɶɧɵɯ ɭɱɚɫɬɤɨɜ ɢ ɧɚɯɨɞɹɳɢɯɫɹ ɧɚ ɭɞɚɥɟɧɢɢ ɦɟɬɪ ɨɬ ɡɚɝɪɹɡɧɟɧɧɵɯ ɛɟɧɡɢɧɨɦ ɞɢɡɟɥɶɧɵɦ ɬɨɩɥɢɜɨɦ ɧɟɮɬɶɸ ɫɭɳɟɫɬɜɟɧɧɵɯ ɢɡɦɟɧɟɧɢɣ ɜ ɤɨɥɢɱɟɫɬɜɟ ɤɨɤɨɧɨɜ ɧɟ ɨɬɦɟɱɟɧɨ ɉɪɢ ɫɪɚɜɧɟɧɢɢ ɤɨɧɬɪɨɥɶɧɨɝɨ ɭɱɚ ɫɬɤɚ ɢ ɧɚɯɨɞɹɳɢɯɫɹ ɧɚ ɝɪɚɧɢɰɟ ɫ ɡɚɝɪɹɡɧɟɧɢɟɦ ɧɟɮɬɶɸ ɧɚɛɥɸɞɚɸɬɫɹ ɫɭɳɟɫɬɜɟɧ ɧɵɟ ɢɡɦɟɧɟɧɢɹ ɜ ɤɨɥɢɱɟɫɬɜɟ ɤɨɤɨɧɨɜ Ɇɚɤɫɢɦɚɥɶɧɨɟ ɤɨɥɢɱɟɫɬɜɨ ɤɨɤɨɧɨɜ ɧɚ ɝɪɚ ɧɢɰɟ ɫ ɭɱɚɫɬɤɨɦ ɡɚɝɪɹɡɧɟɧɢɹ ɧɟɮɬɶɸ ɫɨɫɬɚɜɢɥɨ ɷɤɡɟɦɩɥɹɪɨɜ
Ⱥɧɚɥɢɡ ɫɪɟɞɧɟɫɬɚɬɢɫɬɢɱɟɫɤɢɯ ɞɚɧɧɵɯ ɱɢɫɥɟɧɧɨɫɬɢ ɱɟɪɜɟɣ ɤɨɧɬɪɨɥɶɧɵɯ ɭɱɚɫɬɤɨɜ ɢ ɭɱɚɫɬɤɨɜ ɧɚɯɨɞɹɳɢɯɫɹ ɧɚ ɭɞɚɥɟɧɢɢ ɦɟɬɪ ɨɬ ɡɚɝɪɹɡɧɟɧɧɵɯ ɧɟɮɬɶɸ ɛɟɧɡɢɧɨɦ ɢ ɞɢɡɟɥɶɧɵɦ ɬɨɩɥɢɜɨɦ ɧɟ ɜɵɹɜɢɥ ɢɡɦɟɧɟɧɢɣ ɜ ɨɛɳɟɦ ɤɨɥɢɱɟɫɬɜɟ ɠɢ ɜɵɯ ɱɟɪɜɟɣ ɜ ɬɟɱɟɧɢɟ ɬɪɢɞɰɚɬɢɫɭɬɨɱɧɨɝɨ ɜɥɢɹɧɢɹ ɡɚɝɪɹɡɧɟɧɢɣ ɇɚ ɝɪɚɧɢɰɟ ɫ ɭɱɚɫɬɤɨɦ ɡɚɝɪɹɡɧɟɧɧɵɦ ɛɟɧɡɢɧɨɦ ɨɛɳɟɟ ɤɨɥɢɱɟɫɬɜɨ ɠɢɜɵɯ ɱɟɪɜɟɣ ɦɚɤɫɢɦɚɥɶɧɨ ɩɪɢ ɜɧɟɫɟɧɢɢ ɤɝ ɦ2 ɦɢɧɢɦɚɥɶɧɨ ɩɪɢ ɜɧɟɫɟɧɢɢ ɤɝ ɦ2 ɫɨɫɬɚɜɢɥɨ ɷɤɡɟɦɩɥɹ ɪɨɜ ɨɬ ɤɨɥɢɱɟɫɬɜɚ ɠɢɜɵɯ ɞɨɠɞɟɜɵɯ ɱɟɪɜɟɣ ɧɚ ɤɨɧɬɪɨɥɶɧɨɦ ɭɱɚɫɬɤɟ ɇɚ ɝɪɚɧɢɰɟ ɫ ɭɱɚɫɬɤɨɦ ɡɚɝɪɹɡɧɟɧɧɵɦ ɞɢɡɟɥɶɧɵɦ ɬɨɩɥɢɜɨɦ ɨɛɳɟɟ ɤɨɥɢɱɟɫɬɜɨ ɠɢ ɜɵɯ ɱɟɪɜɟɣ ɦɚɤɫɢɦɚɥɶɧɨ ɩɪɢ ɜɧɟɫɟɧɢɢ ɤɝ ɦ2 ɢ ɦɢɧɢɦɚɥɶɧɨ ɩɪɢ ɜɧɟɫɟɧɢɢ ɤɝ ɦ2 ɇɚ ɝɪɚɧɢɰɟ ɫ ɭɱɚɫɬɤɨɦ ɡɚɝɪɹɡɧɟɧɧɵɦ ɧɟɮɬɶɸ ɨɛɳɟɟ ɤɨɥɢɱɟɫɬɜɨ ɠɢɜɵɯ ɱɟɪɜɟɣ ɦɚɤɫɢɦɚɥɶɧɨ ɩɪɢ ɜɧɟɫɟɧɢɢ ɤɝ ɦ2 ɢ ɦɢɧɢɦɚɥɶɧɨ ɩɪɢ ɜɧɟɫɟɧɢɢ ɤɝ ɦ2. ɉɪɢɜɟɞɟɧɧɵɟ ɜ ɬɚɛɥɢɰɟ ɞɚɧɧɵɟ ɩɨɡɜɨɥɹɸɬ ɡɚɦɟɬɢɬɶ ɫɧɢɠɟɧɢɟ ɱɢɫɥɟɧɧɨɫɬɢ ɞɨɠɞɟɜɵɯ ɱɟɪɜɟɣ ɧɚ ɩɥɨɳɚɞɤɚɯ ɝɪɚɧɢɱɚɳɢɯ ɫ ɭɱɚɫɬɤɚɦɢ ɡɚɝɪɹɡɧɟɧɢɣ ɇɚɛɥɸɞɚ ɟɬɫɹ ɱɚɫɬɢɱɧɨɟ ɩɨɹɜɥɟɧɢɟ ɛɟɫɩɨɡɜɨɧɨɱɧɵɯ ɜ ɡɚɝɪɹɡɧɺɧɧɵɯ ɛɟɧɡɢɧɨɦ ɢ ɞɢɡɟɥɶ ɧɵɦ ɬɨɩɥɢɜɨɦ ɭɱɚɫɬɤɚɯ ɱɬɨ ɫɜɢɞɟɬɟɥɶɫɬɜɭɟɬ ɨ ɦɢɝɪɚɰɢɢ ɞɨɠɞɟɜɵɯ ɱɟɪɜɟɣ ɧɚ ɡɚɝɪɹɡɧɺɧɧɵɟ ɭɱɚɫɬɤɢ
Ɍɚɛɥɢɰɚ Ɋɚɫɩɪɟɞɟɥɟɧɢɟ ɞɨɠɞɟɜɵɯ ɱɟɪɜɟɣ ɜ ɬɟɱɟɧɢɢɟ -ɬɢ ɫɭɬɨɤ ɩɨɫɥɟ ɜɧɟ
ɫɟɧɢɹ ɧɟɮɬɟɡɚɝɪɹɡɧɟɧɢɣ |
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Ʉɨɥ-ɜɨ |
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Ʉɨɥ-ɜɨ |
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Ɍɢɩ |
ɇɚ |
Ɇɟɫɬɨ |
Ʉɨɥ-ɜɨ |
Ʉɨɥ-ɜɨ |
Ʉɨɥ-ɜɨ |
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ɡɚɝɪɹɡ |
ɱɚɥ |
ɨɛɢɬɚ |
ɠɢɜɵɯ |
ɩɨɥɨɜɨɡ |
ɧɟɩɨ |
ɱɟɪɜɟɣ |
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ɱɟɪɜɟɣ, |
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ɧɟ |
ɶɧɚ |
ɧɢɟ |
ɱɟɪɜɟɣ |
ɪɟɥɵɯ |
ɥɨ- |
Lumbric |
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Octolasiu |
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ɧɢɣ |
ɹ |
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ɷɤɡ ɦ2 |
ɱɟɪɜɟɣ |
ɜɨɡɪɟ |
us |
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m lacteum |
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ɤɨ |
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ɷɤɡ ɦ2 |
ɥɵɯ |
rubellus |
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Ɉ ɷɤɡ ɦ2 |
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ɧɰ |
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ɱɟɪɜɟɣ |
ɇ |
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ɟɧ |
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ɷɤɡ ɦ2 |
ɷɤɡ ɦ2. |
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ɬɪɚ |
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ɰɢ |
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ɹ |
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ɤɝ |
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ɦ2 |
ɤɨɧ |
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ɬɪɨɥɶ |
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Ȼɟɧ |
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ɡɚɝɪɹɡ |
0 |
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0 |
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4 |
0 |
0 |
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0 |
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ɡɢɧ |
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ɧɟɧɢɟ |
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ɝɪɚɧɢɰɚ |
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ɦ ɨɬ |
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ɡɚɝɪ-ɹ |
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ɡɚɝɪɹɡ |
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2 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
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0 |
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ɧɟɧɢɟ |
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ϵϲ |
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ɝɪɚɧɢɰɚ |
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ɦ |
ɨɬ |
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ɡɚɝɪ-ɹ |
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1 |
ɡɚɝɪɹɡ |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
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ɧɟɧɢɟ |
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ɝɪɚɧɢɰɚ |
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73 |
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ɦ |
ɨɬ |
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105 |
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ɡɚɝɪ-ɹ |
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10 |
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ɡɚɝɪɹɡ |
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1 |
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0.5 |
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ɧɟɧɢɟ |
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ɝɪɚɧɢɰɚ |
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ɦ ɨɬ |
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ɡɚɝɪ-ɹ |
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Ⱦɢ |
4 |
ɡɚɝɪɹɡ |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
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ɡɟɥɶ |
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ɧɟɧɢɟ |
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ɧɨɟ |
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ɝɪɚɧɢɰɚ |
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ɬɨɩ |
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ɦ ɨɬ |
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ɥɢɜɨ |
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ɡɚɝɪ-ɹ |
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2 |
ɡɚɝɪɹɡ |
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ɧɟɧɢɟ |
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ɝɪɚɧɢɰɚ |
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ɦ |
ɨɬ |
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ɡɚɝɪ-ɹ |
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1 |
ɡɚɝɪɹɡ |
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ɧɟɧɢɟ |
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ɝɪɚɧɢɰɚ |
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ɦ |
ɨɬ |
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ɡɚɝɪ-ɹ |
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7. |
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ɡɚɝɪɹɡ |
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0.5 |
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ɧɟɧɢɟ |
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ɝɪɚɧɢɰɚ |
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ɦ |
ɨɬ |
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ɡɚɝɪ-ɹ |
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ɇɟɮɬɶ |
15 |
ɡɚɝɪɹɡ |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
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ɧɟɧɢɟ |
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ɝɪɚɧɢɰɚ |
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ɦ ɨɬ |
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ɡɚɝɪ-ɹ |
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ɡɚɝɪɹɡ |
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10 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
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ɧɟɧɢɟ |
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ɝɪɚɧɢɰɚ |
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ɦ ɨɬ |
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ɡɚɝɪ-ɹ |
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5 |
ɡɚɝɪɹɡ |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
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ɧɟɧɢɟ |
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ɝɪɚɧɢɰɚ |
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ɦ ɨɬ |
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ɡɚɝɪ-ɹ |
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2.5 |
ɡɚɝɪɹɡ |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
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ɧɟɧɢɟ |
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ɝɪɚɧɢɰɚ |
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ϵϳ
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ɦ |
ɨɬ |
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ɡɚɝɪ-ɹ |
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Ɇɚɤɫɢɦɚɥɶɧɨɟ ɤɨɥɢɱɟɫɬɜɨ ɱɟɪɜɟɣ Octolasium lacteum Ɉ ɨɛɧɚɪɭɠɟɧɨ ɧɚ ɝɪɚɧɢɰɟ ɩɪɢ ɜɧɟɫɟɧɢɢ ɞɢɡɟɥɶɧɨɝɨ ɬɨɩɥɢɜɚ ɤɝ ɦ2 ɢ ɫɨɫɬɚɜɢɥɨ ɷɤɡɟɦɩɥɹɪɨɜ ɇɚ -ɣ ɞɟɧɶ ɧɚ ɩɥɨɳɚɞɤɚɯ ɡɚɝɪɹɡɧɟɧɵɯ ɛɟɧɡɢɧɨɦ ɢ ɞɢɡɟɥɶɧɵɦ ɬɨɩɥɢɜɨɦ: 2, 1,ɤɝ ɦ2 ɨɛɧɚɪɭɠɟɧɵ ɞɨɠɞɟɜɵɟ ɱɟɪɜɢ ɞɜɭɯ ɜɢɞɨɜ Ɇɚɤɫɢɦɚɥɶɧɨɟ ɤɨɥɢɱɟɫɬɜɨ ɱɟɪɜɟɣ Lumbricus rubellus ɇ ɨɛɧɚɪɭɠɟɧɨ ɧɚ ɩɥɨɳɚɞɤɟ ɩɪɢ ɜɧɟɫɟɧɢɢ ɛɟɧɡɢɧɚ ɤɝ ɦ2 ɢ ɦɢɧɢɦɚɥɶɧɨɟ ɧɚ ɩɥɨɳɚɞɤɟ ɩɪɢ ɜɧɟɫɟɧɢɢ ɞɢɡɟɥɶɧɨɝɨ ɬɨɩɥɢɜɚ Ɇɚɤɫɢ ɦɚɥɶɧɨɟ ɤɨɥɢɱɟɫɬɜɨ ɱɟɪɜɟɣ Octolasium lacteum Ɉ ɨɛɧɚɪɭɠɟɧɨ ɧɚ ɩɥɨɳɚɞɤɟ ɩɪɢ ɜɧɟɫɟɧɢɢ ɛɟɧɡɢɧɚ ɤɝ ɦ2 ɢ ɫɨɫɬɚɜɢɥɨ ɨɫɨɛɟɣ ɦɢɧɢɦɚɥɶɧɨɟ- ɧɚ ɩɥɨɳɚɞɤɚɯ ɩɪɢ ɜɧɟɫɟɧɢɢ ɞɢɡɟɥɶɧɨɝɨ ɬɨɩɥɢɜɚ ɤɝ ɦ ɢ ɫɨɫɬɚɜɢɥɨ ɷɤɡɟɦɩɥɹɪɨɜɋɥɟɞɨɜɚɬɟɥɶɧɨ ɩɪɢ ɨɬɧɨɫɢɬɟɥɶɧɨ ɧɟɜɵɫɨɤɢɯ ɤɨɧɰɟɧɬɪɚɰɢɹɯ ɛɟɧɡɢɧɚ ɢ ɞɢɡɟɥɶɧɨɝɨ ɬɨɩɥɢɜɚ ɧɚɛɥɸɞɚɟɬɫɹ ɫɧɢɠɟɧɢɟ ɬɨɤɫɢɱɧɨɫɬɢ ɧɟɮɬɟɩɪɨɞɭɤɬɨɜ ɧɚ ɨɩɵɬɧɵɯ ɭɱɚɫɬɤɚɯ ɢ ɜɬɨɪɢɱɧɨɟ ɢɯ ɡɚɫɟɥɟɧɢɟ ɛɟɫɩɨɡɜɨɧɨɱɧɵɦɢ ɠɢɜɨɬɧɵɦɢ ɉɥɨɳɚɞɤɢ ɫ ɧɟɮɬɟɡɚɝɪɹɡɧɟɧɢɹɦɢ ɡɚɫɟɥɹɸɬɫɹ ɛɟɫɩɨɡɜɨɧɨɱɧɵɦɢ ɡɧɚɱɢɬɟɥɶɧɨ ɩɨɡ ɠɟ
ȼɢɞ ɡɚɝɪɹɡ |
Ʉɨɧɰɟɧɬɪɚɰɢɹ |
Ɇɟɫɬɨɨɛɢɬɚɧɢɟ |
Ʉɨɥ-ɜɨ ɤɨ |
Ɉɛɳɟɟ ɤɨɥ- |
|
ɧɟɧɢɣ |
ɧɟɮɬɟɡɚɝɪɹɡɧɟ |
|
ɤɨɧɨɜ ɱɟɪ |
ɜɨ |
ɠɢɜɵɯ |
|
ɧɢɣ ɤɝ ɦ2 |
|
ɜɟɣ |
ɱɟɪɜɟɣ, |
|
|
|
|
ɷɤɡ ɦ2) |
ɷɤɡ ɦ |
|
|
|
ɤɨɧɬɪɨɥɶ |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
ɛɟɧɡɢɧ |
4 |
ɡɚɝɪɹɡɧɟɧɢɟ |
0 |
|
|
|
|
ɝɪɚɧɢɰɚ |
|
|
|
|
|
ɦ ɨɬ ɡɚɝɪ-ɹ |
|
|
|
|
2 |
ɡɚɝɪɹɡɧɟɧɢɟ |
0 |
|
|
|
|
ɝɪɚɧɢɰɚ |
|
|
|
|
|
ɦ ɨɬ ɡɚɝɪ-ɹ |
|
40 |
|
|
1 |
ɡɚɝɪɹɡɧɟɧɢɟ |
0 |
|
|
|
|
ɝɪɚɧɢɰɚ |
|
|
|
|
|
ɦ ɨɬ ɡɚɝɪ-ɹ |
|
|
|
|
0.5 |
ɡɚɝɪɹɡɧɟɧɢɟ |
0 |
|
|
|
|
ɝɪɚɧɢɰɚ |
|
|
|
|
|
ɦ ɨɬ ɡɚɝɪ-ɹ |
|
|
|
Ⱦɢɡɟɥɶɧɨɟ |
4 |
ɡɚɝɪɹɡɧɟɧɢɟ |
0 |
0 |
|
ɬɨɩɥɢɜɨ |
|
ɝɪɚɧɢɰɚ |
|
|
|
ɥɟɬɧɟɝɨ ɬɢ |
|
1ɦ ɨɬ ɡɚɝɪ-ɹ |
|
|
|
ɩɚ |
2 |
ɡɚɝɪɹɡɧɟɧɢɟ |
0 |
|
|
|
|
ɝɪɚɧɢɰɚ |
|
273 9 |
|
|
|
ɦ ɨɬ ɡɚɝɪ-ɹ |
|
|
|
|
1 |
ɡɚɝɪɹɡɧɟɧɢɟ |
0 |
|
|
|
|
ɝɪɚɧɢɰɚ |
|
|
|
|
|
ɦ ɨɬ ɡɚɝɪ-ɹ |
|
|
|
|
0.5 |
ɡɚɝɪɹɡɧɟɧɢɟ |
0 |
|
|
|
|
ɝɪɚɧɢɰɚ |
|
. |
|
|
|
ɦ ɨɬ ɡɚɝɪ-ɹ |
|
|
|
ɧɟɮɬɶ |
15 |
ɡɚɝɪɹɡɧɟɧɢɟ |
0 |
0 |
|
|
|
ɝɪɚɧɢɰɚ |
|
|
|
|
|
ɦ ɨɬ ɡɚɝɪ-ɹ |
|
|
|
ϵϴ
10 |
ɡɚɝɪɹɡɧɟɧɢɟ |
0 |
0 |
|
ɝɪɚɧɢɰɚ |
|
|
|
ɦ ɨɬ ɡɚɝɪ-ɹ |
|
|
5 |
ɡɚɝɪɹɡɧɟɧɢɟ |
0 |
|
|
ɝɪɚɧɢɰɚ |
|
|
|
ɦ ɨɬ ɡɚɝɪ-ɹ |
|
|
2.5 |
ɡɚɝɪɹɡɧɟɧɢɟ |
0 |
|
|
ɝɪɚɧɢɰɚ |
|
|
ɦ ɨɬ ɡɚɝɪ-ɹ
Ɍɚɛɥɢɰɚ Ɋɟɡɭɥɶɬɚɬɵ ɩɨɥɟɜɵɯ ɢɫɫɥɟɞɨɜɚɧɢɣ ɱɢɫɥɟɧɧɨɫɬɢ ɞɨɠɞɟɜɵɯ ɱɟɪɜɟɣ ɢ ɢɯ ɤɨɤɨɧɨɜ ɧɚ -ɟ ɫɭɬɤɢ ɩɨɫɥɟ ɜɧɟɫɟɧɢɹ ɧɟɮɬɟɡɚɝɪɹɡɧɟɧɢɣ
Ɋɟɡɭɥɶɬɚɬɵ ɧɚɛɥɸɞɟɧɢɣ ɭɱɟɬɚ ɤɨɤɨɧɨɜ ɢ ɞɨɠɞɟɜɵɯ ɱɟɪɜɟɣ ɱɟɪɟɡ ɫɭɬɨɤ ɩɨɫɥɟ ɜɧɟɫɟɧɢɹ ɡɚɝɪɹɡɧɟɧɢɣ ɩɪɟɞɫɬɚɜɥɟɧɵ ɜ ɬɚɛɥɢɰɟ ɉɪɢ ɫɪɚɜɧɟɧɢɢ ɤɨɧɬɪɨɥɶɧɨɝɨ ɭɱɚɫɬɤɚ ɢ ɭɱɚɫɬɤɨɜ ɧɚɯɨɞɹɳɢɯɫɹ ɧɚ ɝɪɚɧɢɰɟ ɫ ɭɱɚɫɬɤɨɦ ɡɚɝɪɹɡɧɟɧɢɹ ɛɟɧɡɢɧɨɦ ɢ ɞɢɡɟɥɶɧɵɦ ɬɨɩɥɢɜɨɦ ɨɬɦɟɱɚɸɬɫɹ ɢɡɦɟɧɟɧɢɹ ɜ ɤɨɥɢɱɟɫɬɜɟ ɤɨɤɨɧɨɜ ɍɜɟɥɢɱɢɜɚɟɬ ɫɹ ɢ ɨɛɳɟɟ ɤɨɥɢɱɟɫɬɜɨ ɠɢɜɵɯ ɱɟɪɜɟɣ Ɇɚɤɫɢɦɚɥɶɧɨɟ ɤɨɥɢɱɟɫɬɜɨ ɤɨɤɨɧɨɜ ɧɚ ɝɪɚ ɧɢɰɟ ɫ ɭɱɚɫɬɤɨɦ ɡɚɝɪɹɡɧɟɧɢɹ ɛɟɧɡɢɧɨɦ ɢ ɞɢɡɟɥɶɧɵɦ ɬɨɩɥɢɜɨɦ ɩɪɢ ɢɫɯɨɞɧɨɣ ɤɨɧɰɟɧɬɪɚɰɢɢ: 1 ɢ ɤɝ ɦ ɫɨɫɬɚɜɢɥɨ ɷɤɡɟɦɩɥɹɪɚ ɨɬ ɤɨɥɢɱɟɫɬɜɚ ɤɨɤɨ ɧɨɜ ɧɚ ɤɨɧɬɪɨɥɶɧɨɦ ɭɱɚɫɬɤɟ ɉɪɢ ɫɪɚɜɧɟɧɢɢ ɱɢɫɥɟɧɧɨɫɬɢ ɞɨɠɞɟɜɵɯ ɱɟɪɜɟɣ ɧɚ ɯɨɞɹɳɢɯɫɹ ɧɚ ɤɨɧɬɪɨɥɶɧɨɦ ɭɱɚɫɬɤɟ ɫ ɩɪɢɝɪɚɧɢɱɧɵɦɢ ɩɥɨɳɚɞɤɚɦɢ ɡɚɝɪɹɡɧɺɧɵɦɢ ɧɟɮɬɶɸ ɧɚɛɥɸɞɚɸɬɫɹ ɫɭɳɟɫɬɜɟɧɧɵɟ ɢɡɦɟɧɟɧɢɹ ɜ ɤɨɥɢɱɟɫɬɜɟ ɤɨɤɨɧɨɜ ɞɨɠɞɟɜɵɯ ɱɟɪɜɟɣ Ɇɚɤɫɢɦɚɥɶɧɨɟ ɤɨɥɢɱɟɫɬɜɨ ɤɨɤɨɧɨɜ ɧɚ ɝɪɚɧɢɰɟ ɫ ɭɱɚɫɬɤɨɦ ɡɚɝɪɹɡɧɟɧɢɹ ɧɟɮɬɶɸ ɨɬɦɟɱɟɧɨ ɩɪɢ ɧɚɱɚɥɶɧɨɣ ɤɨɧɰɟɧɬɪɚɰɢɢ ɤɝ ɦ2 ɢ ɫɨɫɬɚɜɢɥɨ ɷɤɡɟɦɩ ɥɹɪɨɜ ɉɪɟɞɫɬɚɜɥɟɧɧɵɟ ɞɚɧɧɵɟ ɫɜɢɞɟɬɟɥɶɫɬɜɭɸɬ ɨɛ ɭɜɟɥɢɱɟɧɢɟ ɱɢɫɥɚ ɤɨɤɨɧɨɜ ɧɚ ɝɪɚɧɢɰɚɯ ɫ ɭɱɚɫɬɤɚɦɢ ɡɚɝɪɹɡɧɟɧɢɣ ɉɪɢ ɫɪɚɜɧɟɧɢɢ ɤɨɧɬɪɨɥɶɧɨɝɨ ɭɱɚɫɬɤɚ ɢ ɭɱɚɫɬ ɤɨɜ ɧɚɯɨɞɹɳɢɯɫɹ ɧɚ ɭɞɚɥɟɧɢɢ ɦɟɬɪ ɨɬ ɡɚɝɪɹɡɧɟɧɧɵɯ ɧɟɮɬɶɸ ɛɟɧɡɢɧɨɦ ɢ ɞɢ ɡɟɥɶɧɵɦ ɬɨɩɥɢɜɨɦ ɫɭɳɟɫɬɜɟɧɧɵɯ ɪɚɡɥɢɱɢɣ ɜ ɨɛɳɟɦ ɤɨɥɢɱɟɫɬɜɟ ɠɢɜɵɯ ɱɟɪɜɟɣ ɧɟ ɧɚɛɥɸɞɚɟɬɫɹ Ɍɚɛ ɑɢɫɥɟɧɧɨɫɬɶ ɱɟɪɜɟɣ ɫɧɢɠɚɟɬɫɹ ɧɚ ɩɪɢɝɪɚɧɢɱɧɵɯ ɭɱɚɫɬ ɤɚɯ ɡɚɝɪɹɡɧɟɧɧɵɯ ɛɟɧɡɢɧɨɦ ɞɢɡɟɥɶɧɵɦ ɬɨɩɥɢɜɨɦ ɢ ɧɟɮɬɶɸ ɉɪɢ ɫɪɚɜɧɟɧɢɢ ɮɨ ɧɨɜɵɯ ɭɱɚɫɬɤɨɜ ɢ ɧɚɯɨɞɹɳɢɯɫɹ ɧɚ ɭɞɚɥɟɧɢɢ ɦɟɬɪ ɨɬ ɡɚɝɪɹɡɧɟɧɧɵɯ ɧɟɮɬɶɸ ɛɟɧ ɡɢɧɨɦ ɢ ɞɢɡɟɥɶɧɵɦ ɬɨɩɥɢɜɨɦ ɫɭɳɟɫɬɜɟɧɧɵɯ ɪɚɡɥɢɱɢɣ ɜ ɤɨɥɢɱɟɫɬɜɟ ɩɨɥɨɜɨɡɪɟɥɵɯ ɢ ɧɟɩɨɥɨɜɨɡɪɟɥɵɯ ɱɟɪɜɟɣ ɧɟ ɧɚɛɥɸɞɚɟɬɫɹ
ϵϵ
.
Ɍɚɛɥɢɰɚ Ɋɚɫɩɪɟɞɟɥɟɧɢɟ ɞɨɠɞɟɜɵɯ ɱɟɪɜɟɣ ɜ ɡɚɜɢɫɢɦɨɫɬɢ ɨɬ ɫɬɟɩɟɧɢ ɡɚɝɪɹɡ ɧɟɧɢɣ ɜ ɫɭɬɤɢ ɩɨɞ ɜɥɢɹɧɢɟɦ ɧɟɮɬɢ ɢ ɧɟɮɬɟɩɪɨɞɭɤɬɨɜ
ȼɢɞ |
|
ɂɫɯɨɞ |
Ɇɟɫɬɨɨɛɢ |
Ɉɛɳɟɟ |
Ʉɨɥ-ɜɨ |
Ʉɨɥ-ɜɨ |
Ʉɨɥ-ɜɨ |
Ʉɨɥ- |
|||
ɡɚɝɪɹɡ |
|
ɧɚɹ |
ɬɚɧɢɟ |
ɤɨɥ-ɜɨ |
ɩɨɥɨɜɨɡ |
ɧɟɩɨɥɨ- |
ɱɟɪɜɟɣ |
ɜɨ |
|||
ɧɟ |
|
ɤɨɧ |
|
|
ɠɢɜɵɯ |
ɪɟɥɵɯ |
ɜɨɡɪɟ |
Lumbri |
ɱɟɪ |
||
ɧɢɹ |
|
ɰɟɧ |
|
|
ɱɟɪɜɟɣ |
ɱɟɪɜɟɣ |
ɥɵɯ |
cus |
|
ɜɟɣ |
|
|
|
ɬɪɚ |
|
|
ɷɤɡ ɦ2 |
ɷɤɡ ɦ2 |
ɱɟɪɜɟɣ |
rubellus |
Octola |
||
|
|
ɰɢɹ |
|
|
|
|
|
ɷɤɡ ɦ2 |
ɷɤɡ ɦ2. |
sium |
|
|
|
ɤɝ ɦ2 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
lacteu |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
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|
m Ɉ |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
ɷɤɡ ɦ2 |
|
|
|
ɤɨɧɬɪɨɥɶ |
|
292 |
|
|
|
168 |
||
ɛɟɧ |
|
|
ɡɚɝɪɹɡɧɟɧɢɟ |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
9. |
|
4 |
|
|
|
|
23 |
|
||||
|
|
|
0 |
|
0 |
||||||
ɡɢɧ |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
ɝɪɚɧɢɰɚ |
|
. |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
12. |
|
16. |
|
|
|
ɦ ɨɬ ɡɚɝɪ-ɹ |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
9. |
|
|
2 |
ɡɚɝɪɹɡɧɟɧɢɟ |
|
|
|
|
0 |
|
30 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
ɝɪɚɧɢɰɚ |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
12. |
|
13. |
|
|
|
ɦ ɨɬ ɡɚɝɪ-ɹ |
|
|
|
|
|
|
168 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
1 |
ɡɚɝɪɹɡɧɟɧɢɟ |
|
|
|
|
|
|
37 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
. |
|
|
|
ɝɪɚɧɢɰɚ |
|
|
|
|
|
|
113 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
ɦ ɨɬ ɡɚɝɪ-ɹ |
|
|
290 |
|
|
|
172 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
6. |
|
|
0.5 |
ɡɚɝɪɹɡɧɟɧɢɟ |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
ɝɪɚɧɢɰɚ |
|
303 |
|
|
|
180 |
|
123 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
ɦ ɨɬ ɡɚɝɪ- |
|
|
|
|
|
|
167 |
|
|
|
|
ɹ |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
4. |
Ⱦɢ |
|
4 |
ɡɚɝɪɹɡɧɟɧɢɟ |
|
0 |
0 |
|
0 |
|
0 |
0 |
ɡɟɥɶ |
|
|
ɝɪɚɧɢɰɚ |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
ɧɨɟ |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
12. |
|
16. |
ɬɨɩ |
|
|
ɦ ɨɬ ɡɚɝɪ- |
|
|
|
|
|
|
165 |
|
ɥɢɜɨ |
|
|
ɹ |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
8. |
|
|
2 |
ɡɚɝɪɹɡɧɟɧɢɟ |
|
|
|
|
6. |
|
|
|
|
|
|
ɝɪɚɧɢɰɚ |
|
|
|
|
6 |
|
117 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
ɦ ɨɬ ɡɚɝɪ-ɹ |
|
|
|
|
|
|
165 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
8. |
|
|
1 |
ɡɚɝɪɹɡɧɟɧɢɟ |
|
143 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
ɝɪɚɧɢɰɚ |
|
303 |
|
|
|
180 |
|
123 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
4. |
|
|
|
ɦ ɨɬ ɡɚɝɪ-ɹ |
|
|
|
|
|
2 |
167 |
|
ϭϬϬ
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
4. |
|
0.5 |
ɡɚɝɪɹɡɧɟɧɢɟ |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
6 |
|
|
ɝɪɚɧɢɰɚ |
308 |
|
|
185 |
123 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
ɦ ɨɬ ɡɚɝɪ-ɹ |
|
|
|
|
167 |
ɧɟɮɬɶ |
|
ɡɚɝɪɹɡɧɟɧɢɟ |
|
|
|
|
|
15 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
||
|
|
ɝɪɚɧɢɰɚ |
6. |
|
9 |
|
130 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
ɦ ɨɬ ɡɚɝɪ- |
|
|
|
|
167 |
|
|
ɹ |
|
|
|
|
|
|
10 |
ɡɚɝɪɹɡɧɟɧɢɟ |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
|
|
ɝɪɚɧɢɰɚ |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
6. |
|
|
ɦ ɨɬ ɡɚɝɪ-ɹ |
|
|
|
|
163 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
4. |
|
5 |
ɡɚɝɪɹɡɧɟɧɢɟ |
. |
4. |
|
|
|
|
|
ɝɪɚɧɢɰɚ |
|
|
|
|
127 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
ɦ ɨɬ ɡɚɝɪ- |
|
|
|
|
163 |
|
|
ɹ |
|
|
|
|
4. |
|
2.5 |
ɡɚɝɪɹɡɧɟɧɢɟ |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
ɝɪɚɧɢɰɚ |
|
|
|
2 |
127 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
4. |
|
|
ɦ ɨɬ ɡɚɝɪ-ɹ |
|
|
|
|
163 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
4. |
ȼ ɬɟɱɟɧɢɢ -ɯ ɫɭɬɨɤ ɧɚɛɥɸɞɟɧɢɹ ɞɨɠɞɟɜɵɟ ɱɟɪɜɢ ɨɛɧɚɪɭɠɟɧɵ ɧɚ ɩɥɨɳɚɞɤɚɯ ɫ ɜɧɟɫɟɧɧɵɦɢ ɡɚɝɪɹɡɧɟɧɢɹɦɢ ɛɟɧɡɢɧɚ ɤɝ ɦ2 ɞɢɡɟɥɶɧɨɝɨ ɬɨɩɥɢɜɚ ɤɝ ɦ ɢ ɧɟɮɬɢ ɢ ɤɝ ɦ ɉɪɢɜɟɞɟɧɧɵɟ ɜ ɬɚɛɥɢɰɟ ɞɚɧɧɵɟ ɱɢɫɥɟɧɧɨɫɬɢ ɱɟɪ ɜɟɣ ɧɚ ɭɱɚɫɬɤɚɯ ɫ ɡɚɝɪɹɡɧɟɧɢɹɦɢ ɩɨɡɜɨɥɹɸɬ ɫɱɢɬɚɬɶ ɱɬɨ ɞɨɠɞɟɜɵɟ ɱɟɪɜɢ ɧɚɱɢɧɚ ɸɬ ɡɚɫɟɥɹɬɶ ɭɱɚɫɬɤɢ ɡɚɝɪɹɡɧɟɧɧɵɟ ɧɟɮɬɶɸ ɨɬɧɨɫɢɬɟɥɶɧɨ ɩɨɡɠɟ ɡɟɝɪɹɡɧɺɧɧɵɯ ɧɟɮɬɟɩɪɨɞɭɤɬɚɦɢ ɇɚ ɜɫɟɯ ɭɱɚɫɬɤɚɯ ɡɚɝɪɹɡɧɟɧɧɵɯ ɛɟɧɡɢɧɨɦ ɢ ɞɢɡɟɥɶɧɵɦ ɬɨɩɥɢ ɜɨɦ ɨɛɧɚɪɭɠɟɧɵ ɞɨɠɞɟɜɵɟ ɱɟɪɜɢ ɑɢɫɥɟɧɧɨɫɬɶ ɛɟɫɩɨɡɜɨɧɨɱɧɵɯ ɨɛɪɚɬɧɨ ɩɪɨɩɨɪ ɰɢɨɧɚɥɶɧɚ ɭɪɨɜɧɹɦ ɤɨɧɰɟɧɬɪɚɰɢɢ ɇɟɨɛɯɨɞɢɦɨ ɨɬɦɟɬɢɬɶ ɱɬɨ ɫɨɨɬɧɨɲɟɧɢɟ ɦɟɠɞɭ
ɜɢɞɚɦɢ ɞɨɠɞɟɜɵɯ ɱɟɪɜɟɣ Lumbricus rubellus ɇ ɢ Octolasium lacteum Ɉ ɧɚ ɩɪɨɬɹ
ɠɟɧɢɢ ɜɫɟɝɨ ɜɟɫɟɧɧɟ-ɨɫɟɧɧɟɝɨ ɫɟɡɨɧɚ ɫɨɫɬɚɜɥɹɥɨ ɜ ɫɪɟɞɧɟɦ ɢ Ʉɨɥɢɱɟɫɬ ɜɨ ɤɨɤɨɧɨɜ ɩɪɨɩɨɪɰɢɨɧɚɥɶɧɨ ɨɛɳɟɦɭ ɤɨɥɢɱɟɫɬɜɭ ɞɨɠɞɟɜɵɯ ɱɟɪɜɟɣ ɢ ɞɨɫɬɢɝɚɟɬ ɦɚɤɫɢɦɚɥɶɧɵɯ ɡɧɚɱɟɧɢɣ ɜ ɚɜɝɭɫɬɟ ɋɨɨɬɧɨɲɟɧɢɟ ɦɟɠɞɭ ɩɨɥɨɜɨɡɪɟɥɵɦɢ ɢ ɧɟɩɨɥɨ ɜɨɡɪɟɥɵɦɢ ɞɨɠɞɟɜɵɦɢ ɱɟɪɜɹɦɢ ɜ ɬɟɱɟɧɢɟ ɜɟɫɟɧɧɟ-ɨɫɟɧɧɟɝɨ ɫɟɡɨɧɚ ɫɨɫɬɚɜɢɥɨ 0% Ɋɟɡɭɥɶɬɚɬɵ ɢɫɫɥɟɞɨɜɚɧɢɣ ɩɪɨɫɚɱɢɜɚɟɦɨɫɬɢ ɧɟɮɬɢ ɢ ɧɟɮɬɟɩɪɨɞɭɤɬɨɜ ɜ ɩɨɱɜɟ ȼɟɪ ɬɢɤɚɥɶɧɨɟ ɞɜɢɠɟɧɢɟ ɧɟɮɬɟɩɪɨɞɭɤɬɨɜ ɩɪɨɢɫɯɨɞɢɬ ɜ ɬɟɱɟɧɢɟ ɫɭɬɨɤ ɧɚɢɛɨɥɟɟ ɢɧ ɬɟɧɫɢɜɧɨ ɜ ɩɟɪɜɵɟ ɫɭɬɨɤ ɇɟɮɬɶ ɩɪɨɫɚɱɢɜɚɟɬɫɹ ɝɥɭɛɠɟ ɧɟɮɬɟɩɪɨɞɭɤɬɨɜ ɦɟɧɶ ɲɟ ɢɫɩɚɪɹɟɬɫɹ ɢ ɨɤɚɡɵɜɚɟɬ ɛɨɥɟɟ ɞɥɢɬɟɥɶɧɨɟ ɯɪɨɧɢɱɟɫɤɨɟ ɜɥɢɹɧɢɟ ɧɚ ɩɨɱɜɟɧɧɵɟ ɛɢɨɫɢɫɬɟɦɵ ȼ ɬɚɛɥɢɰɟ ɩɪɟɞɫɬɚɜɥɟɧɵ ɞɚɧɧɵɟ ɩɨ ɨɫɬɚɬɨɱɧɨɣ ɤɨɧɰɟɧɬɪɚɰɢɢ ɧɟɮɬɢ ɢ ɧɟɮɬɟɩɪɨɞɭɤɬɨɜ ɤɨɬɨɪɵɟ ɫɜɢɞɟɬɟɥɶɫɬɜɭɸɬ ɨ ɬɨɦ ɱɬɨ ɛɟɧɡɢɧ ɨɛɥɚɞɚɟɬ ɜɵɫɨɤɢɦ ɩɪɨɰɟɧɬɨɦ ɢɫɩɚɪɹɟɦɨɫɬɢ Ʉ -ɦ ɫɭɬɤɚɦ ɧɚɛɥɸɞɟɧɢɣ ɩɪɢ ɜɧɟɫɟɧɢɢ ɢɤɝ ɦ2 ɨɫɬɚɬɨɱɧɚɹ ɤɨɧɰɟɧɬɪɚɰɢɹ ɧɟɮɬɟɩɪɨɞɭɤɬɨɜ ɧɟ ɨɬɥɢɱɚɟɬɫɹ ɨɬ ɤɨɧɬɪɨɥɶɧɨɣ ɉɪɢ ɜɧɟɫɟɧɢɢ ɛɟɧɡɢɧɚ ɤɝ ɦ2 ɨɫɬɚɬɨɱɧɚɹ ɤɨɧɰɟɧɬɪɚɰɢɹ ɧɟɮɬɟɩɪɨɞɭɤɬɨɜ ɭɦɟɧɶ
ϭϬϭ
ɲɚɟɬɫɹ ɜ ɪɚɡ ɉɪɢ ɜɧɟɫɟɧɢɢ ɞɢɡɟɥɶɧɨɝɨ ɬɨɩɥɢɜɚ ɤɝ ɦ2 ɜ -ɟ ɫɭɬɤɢ ɨɫɬɚɬɨɱ- ɧɚɹ ɤɨɧɰɟɧɬɪɚɰɢɹ ɧɟɮɬɟɩɪɨɞɭɤɬɨɜ ɫɧɢɡɢɥɚɫɶ ɧɚ ɩɨɪɹɞɨɤ ɋɪɚɜɧɟɧɢɟ ɨɫɬɚɬɨɱɧɵɯ ɤɨɧɰɟɧɬɪɚɰɢɢ ɛɟɧɡɢɧɚ ɢ ɞɢɡɟɥɶɧɨɝɨ ɬɨɩɥɢɜɚ ɩɨɡɜɨɥɹɟɬ ɫɱɢɬɚɬɶ ɱɬɨ ɛɟɧɡɢɧ ɢɫɩɚ ɪɹɟɬɫɹ ɛɵɫɬɪɟɟ ɞɢɡɟɥɶɧɨɝɨ ɬɨɩɥɢɜɚ ȼ ɬɨ ɜɪɟɦɹ ɤɚɤ ɤɨɧɰɟɧɬɪɚɰɢɹ ɧɟɮɬɢ ɨɫɬɚɺɬɫɹ ɧɚ ɨɬɧɨɫɢɬɟɥɶɧɨ ɜɵɫɨɤɨɦ ɭɪɨɜɧɟ ɢ ɡɚɦɟɞɥɹɟɬ ɩɪɨɰɟɫɫɵ ɟɫɬɟɫɬɜɟɧɧɨɝɨ ɜɨɫɫɬɚɧɨɜ ɥɟɧɢɹ ɩɨɱɜ
Ɍɚɛɥɢɰɚ Ɉɫɬɚɬɨɱɧɚɹ ɤɨɧɰɟɧɬɪɚɰɢɹ ɧɟɮɬɟɩɪɨɞɭɤɬɨɜ
ȼɢɞ ɡɚɝɪɹɡɧɟ ɉɟɪɜɨ Ɉɫɬɚɬɨɱɧɚɹ ɤɨɧɰɟɧɬɪɚɰɢɹ ɧɟɮɬɟɩɪɨɞɭɤɬɨɜ ɦɝ ɤɝ ɧɢɣ ɧɚɱɚɥɶ 3-ɣ ɞɟɧɶ 10-ɣ ɞɟɧɶ 30-ɣ ɞɟɧɶ 90-ɣ ɞɟɧɶ
ɧɚɹ ɤɨ ɰɟɧɬɪɚ ɰɢɹ ɤɝ ɦ2
Ʉɨɧɬɪɨɥɶ |
|
< 50 |
<50 |
|
< 50 |
< 50 |
Ȼɟɧɡɢɧ Ⱥ-80 |
0.5 |
|
|
|
<50 |
|
|
1 |
|
|
|
<50 |
|
|
2 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
4 |
|
|
|
|
|
Ⱦɢɡɟɥɶɧɨɟ |
0.5 |
760 |
|
|
|
|
ɬɨɩɥɢɜɨ |
1 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
2 |
|
|
1725 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
4 |
|
|
|
|
|
ɇɟɮɬɶ |
2.5 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
5 |
|
135 |
|
10656 |
|
|
|
|
3386 |
|
|
|
|
10 |
|
25456 |
|
20404 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
15 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
55 |
|
8604 |
|
Ⱦɥɹ ɫɪɚɜɧɢɬɟɥɶɧɨɝɨ ɚɧɚɥɢɡɚ ɜ ɬɚɛɥɢɰɟ ɩɪɟɞɫɬɚɜɥɟɧɵ ɞɚɧɧɵɟ ɧɟɮɬɟɡɚɝɪɹɡɧɟ ɧɢɣ ɜ ɪɚɣɨɧɚɯ ɧɟɮɬɟɞɨɛɵɱɢ ɝɞɟ ɞɨɠɞɟɜɵɟ ɱɟɪɜɢ ɧɟ ɛɵɥɢ ɨɛɧɚɪɭɠɟɧɵ
Ɍɚɛɥɢɰɚ Ɉɫɬɚɬɨɱɧɚɹ ɤɨɧɰɟɧɬɪɚɰɢɹ ɧɟɮɬɟɩɪɨɞɭɤɬɨɜ ɧɚ ɩɥɨɳɚɞɤɚɯ ɋɨɜɟɬ ɫɤɨɝɨ ɢ ɋɬɪɟɠɟɜɫɤɨɝɨ ɦɟɫɬɨɪɨɠɞɟɧɢɹ
Ɇɟɫɬɨɪɨɠɞɟɧɢɟ |
ɉɥɨɳɚɞɤɚ |
Ɉɫɬɚɬɨɱɧɚɹ ɤɨɧɰɟɧɬɪɚɰɢɹ |
|
|
ɧɟɮɬɟɩɪɨɞɭɤɬɨɜ ɩɨ ɞɧɹɦ |
|
|
ɨɬɛɨɪɚ ɦɝ ɦð |
ɋɬɪɟɠɟɜɫɤɨɟ |
Ɋɟɤɭɥɶɬɢɜɢɪɨɜɚɧɚ ɜ ɝ |
|
|
Ɋɟɤɭɥɶɬɢɜɢɪɨɜɚɧɚ ɜ ɝ |
|
ɋɨɜɟɬɫɤɨɟ |
Ɋɟɤɭɥɶɬɢɜɢɪɨɜɚɧɚ ɜ ɝ |
|
|
Ɋɟɤɭɥɶɬɢɜɢɪɨɜɚɧɚ ɜ ɝ |
|
|
Ɋɟɤɭɥɶɬɢɜɢɪɨɜɚɧɚ ɜ ɝ |
|
|
ϭϬϮ |
|
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ɉɪɢ ɫɪɚɜɧɟɧɢɢ ɱɢɫɥɟɧɧɨɫɬɢ ɞɨɠɞɟɜɵɯ ɱɟɪɜɟɣ ɧɚɯɨɞɹɳɢɯɫɹ ɧɚ ɤɨɧɬɪɨɥɶɧɨɦ ɭɱɚɫɬɤɟ ɫ ɩɪɢɝɪɚɧɢɱɧɵɦɢ ɩɥɨɳɚɞɤɚɦɢ ɡɚɝɪɹɡɧɺɧɵɦɢ ɧɟɮɬɶɸ ɧɚɛɥɸɞɚɸɬɫɹ ɫɭ ɳɟɫɬɜɟɧɧɵɟ ɢɡɦɟɧɟɧɢɹ ɜ ɤɨɥɢɱɟɫɬɜɟ ɤɨɤɨɧɨɜ ɞɨɠɞɟɜɵɯ ɱɟɪɜɟɣ Ɇɚɤɫɢɦɚɥɶɧɨɟ ɤɨɥɢɱɟɫɬɜɨ ɤɨɤɨɧɨɜ ɧɚ ɝɪɚɧɢɰɟ ɫ ɭɱɚɫɬɤɨɦ ɡɚɝɪɹɡɧɟɧɢɹ ɧɟɮɬɶɸ ɨɬɦɟɱɟɧɨ ɩɪɢ ɧɚɱɚɥɶɧɨɣ ɤɨɧɰɟɧɬɪɚɰɢɢ ɤɝ ɦ2 ɢ ɫɨɫɬɚɜɢɥɨ ɷɤɡɟɦɩɥɹɪɨɜ ɉɪɟɞɫɬɚɜɥɟɧɧɵɟ ɞɚɧɧɵɟ ɫɜɢɞɟɬɟɥɶɫɬɜɭɸɬ ɨɛ ɭɜɟɥɢɱɟɧɢɟ ɱɢɫɥɚ ɤɨɤɨɧɨɜ ɧɚ ɝɪɚɧɢɰɚɯ ɫ ɭɱɚɫɬɤɚɦɢ ɡɚɝɪɹɡɧɟɧɢɣ ɉɪɢ ɫɪɚɜɧɟɧɢɢ ɤɨɧɬɪɨɥɶɧɨɝɨ ɭɱɚɫɬɤɚ ɢ ɭɱɚɫɬɤɨɜ ɧɚɯɨɞɹɳɢɯɫɹ ɧɚ ɭɞɚɥɟɧɢɢ ɦɟɬɪ ɨɬ ɡɚɝɪɹɡɧɟɧɧɵɯ ɧɟɮɬɶɸ ɛɟɧɡɢɧɨɦ ɢ ɞɢɡɟɥɶɧɵɦ ɬɨɩɥɢɜɨɦ ɫɭ- ɳɟɫɬɜɟɧɧɵɯ ɪɚɡɥɢɱɢɣ ɜ ɨɛɳɟɦ ɤɨɥɢɱɟɫɬɜɟ ɠɢɜɵɯ ɱɟɪɜɟɣ ɧɟ ɧɚɛɥɸɞɚɟɬɫɹ ɉɪɢ ɫɪɚɜɧɟɧɢɢ ɝɪɚɧɢɰ ɭɱɚɫɬɤɨɜ ɡɚɝɪɹɡɧɟɧɧɵɯ ɛɟɧɡɢɧɨɦ ɞɢɡɟɥɶɧɵɦ ɬɨɩɥɢɜɨɦ ɢ ɧɟɮ ɬɶɸ ɫ ɤɨɧɬɪɨɥɟɦ ɧɚɛɥɸɞɚɟɬɫɹ ɭɦɟɧɶɲɟɧɢɟ ɨɛɳɟɝɨ ɤɨɥɢɱɟɫɬɜɚ ɠɢɜɵɯ ɱɟɪɜɟɣ ɧɚ ɝɪɚɧɢɰɚɯ ɫ ɡɚɝɪɹɡɧɟɧɢɹɦɢ ɉɪɢ ɫɪɚɜɧɟɧɢɢ ɤɨɧɬɪɨɥɶɧɨɝɨ ɭɱɚɫɬɤɚ ɢ ɭɱɚɫɬɤɨɜ ɧɚ ɯɨɞɹɳɢɯɫɹ ɧɚ ɭɞɚɥɟɧɢɢ ɦɟɬɪ ɨɬ ɡɚɝɪɹɡɧɟɧɧɵɯ ɧɟɮɬɶɸ ɛɟɧɡɢɧɨɦ ɢ ɞɢɡɟɥɶɧɵɦ ɬɨɩɥɢɜɨɦ ɢɡɦɟɧɟɧɢɣ ɜ ɤɨɥɢɱɟɫɬɜɟ ɩɨɥɨɜɨɡɪɟɥɵɯ ɢ ɧɟɩɨɥɨɜɨɡɪɟɥɵɯ ɱɟɪɜɟɣ ɧɟ ɨɬɦɟɱɚɟɬɫɹ ɂɫɥɟɞɨɜɚɧɢɹ ɩɨɩɭɥɹɰɢɢ ɞɨɠɞɟɜɵɯ ɱɟɪɜɟɣ ɩɪɨɜɟɞɺɧɧɵɟ ɱɟɪɟɡ ɝɨɞɫɭɬɨɤ ɩɨɡɜɨɥɢɥɢ ɩɪɨɫɥɟɞɢɬɶ ɢɧɬɟɧɫɢɜɧɨɫɬɶ ɡɚɫɟɥɟɧɢɹ ɡɚɝɪɹɡɧɺɧɧɵɯ ɭɱɚɫɬ ɤɨɜ ɑɟɪɟɡ ɦɟɫɹɰɟɜ ɩɨɫɥɟ ɜɧɟɫɟɧɢɣ ɡɚɝɪɹɡɧɟɧɢɣ ɞɨɠɞɟɜɵɟ ɱɟɪɜɢ ɛɵɥɢ ɨɛɧɚɪɭɠɟɧɵ ɧɚ ɩɥɨɳɚɞɤɚɯ ɫ ɡɚɝɪɹɡɧɟɧɢɹɦɢ ɛɟɧɡɢɧɚ ɤɝ ɦðɞɢɡɟɥɶɧɨɝɨ ɬɨɩɥɢɜɚɤɝ ɦðɢ ɩɪɚɤɬɢɱɟɫɤɢ ɡɚɫɟɥɢɥɢ ɭɱɚɫɬɤɢ ɡɚɝɪɹɡɧɟɧɧɵɟ ɧɟɮɬɶɸ ɋɥɟɞɨɜɚɬɟɥɶ ɧɨ ɜ ɬɟɱɟɧɢɟ ɝɨɞɚ ɩɪɨɢɫɯɨɞɢɬ ɟɫɬɟɫɬɜɟɧɧɵɣ ɩɪɨɰɟɫɫ ɜɨɫɫɬɚɧɨɜɥɟɧɢɹ ɩɨɱɜ ɨɬ ɜɥɢɹɧɢɹ ɛɟɧɡɢɧɚ ɞɢɡɟɥɶɧɨɝɨ ɬɨɩɥɢɜɚ ɢ ɡɚɫɟɥɟɧɢɟ ɢɯ ɞɨɠɞɟɜɵɦɢ ɱɟɪɜɹɦɢ Ⱥɧɚɥɢɡ ɩɨɥɭɱɟɧɧɵɯ ɪɟɡɭɥɶɬɚɬɨɜ ɩɨ ɯɪɨɧɢɱɟɫɤɨɦɭ ɜɥɢɹɧɢɸ ɧɟɮɬɟɡɚɝɪɹɡɧɟɧɢɣ ɧɚ ɩɨɩɭɥɹ ɰɢɢ ɞɨɠɞɟɜɵɯ ɱɟɪɜɟɣ ɜ ɩɪɢɪɨɞɧɨɣ ɫɪɟɞɟ ɩɨɡɜɨɥɢɥ ɜɵɹɜɢɬɶ ɨɫɨɛɟɧɧɨɫɬɢ ɢɯ ɦɢ ɝɪɚɰɢɣ ɜ ɡɚɜɢɫɢɦɨɫɬɢ ɨɬ ɜɢɞɚ ɤɨɧɰɟɧɬɪɚɰɢɢ ɢ ɞɥɢɬɟɥɶɧɨɫɬɢ ɡɚɝɪɹɡɧɟɧɢɣ
ϭϬϯ
Ɋɢɫ ɂɡɦɟɧɟɧɢɹ ɱɢɫɥɟɧɧɨɫɬɢ ɞɨɠɞɟɜɵɯ ɱɟɪɜɟɣ ɧɚ ɝɪɚɧɢɰɟ ɫ ɡɚɝɪɹɡɧɺɧɧɵɦ ɛɟɧɡɢɧɨɦ ɤɝ ɦ ɭɱɚɫɬɤɨɦ
Ɂɧɚɱɟɧɢɹ ɧɨɪɦɢɪɨɜɚɧɧɵɯ ɩɨɤɚɡɚɬɟɥɟɣ Ɉ Ʉ Ʉ ɱɢɫɥɟɧɧɨɫɬɢ ɱɟɪɜɟɣ
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ɉɟɪɢɨɞ ɩɨɫɥɟɞɟɣɫɬɜɢɹ ɢ |
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ɫɭɬɤɢ |
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ɉɨɥɨɜɨɡɪ ɱɟɪɜɢ
ɇɟɩɨɥɨɜɨɡɪ ɱɟɪɜɢ
/XPEULFXV UXEHOOXV ɇ 
2FWRODVLXPODFWHXPɈ
ȼ ɫɜɹɡɢ ɫ ɬɟɦ ɱɬɨ ɛɟɧɡɢɧ ɢ ɞɢɡɟɥɶɧɨɟ ɬɨɩɥɢɜɨ ɨɤɚɡɵɜɚɸɬ ɚɧɚɥɨɝɢɱɧɨɟ ɜɥɢɹɧɢɟ ɧɚ ɜɵɠɢɜɚɟɦɨɫɬɶ ɞɨɠɞɟɜɵɯ ɱɟɪɜɟɣ ɪɚɫɫɦɨɬɪɢɦ ɞɢɧɚɦɢɤɭ ɢɡɦɟɧɟɧɢɹ ɱɢɫɥɟɧɧɨɫɬɢ ɱɟɪɜɟɣ ɜ ɩɨɝɪɚɧɢɱɧɨɣ ɨɛɥɚɫɬɢ ɩɪɢ ɜɵɫɨɤɨɣ ɤɨɧɰɟɧɬɪɚɰɢɢ ɛɟɧɡɢɧɚɊɢɫ ȼ ɩɟɪɜɵɟ ɬɪɨɟ ɫɭɬɨɤ ɩɨɫɥɟ ɜɧɟɫɟɧɢɹ ɜ ɩɨɱɜɭ ɛɟɧɡɢɧɚ ɧɚɛɥɸɞɚɟɬɫɹ ɚɤ ɬɢɜɧɚɹ ɦɢɝɪɚɰɢɹ ɱɟɪɜɟɣ ɜ ɩɨɝɪɚɧɢɱɧɭɸ ɨɛɥɚɫɬɶ ȼ - ɫɭɬɤɢ ɱɢɫɥɟɧɧɨɫɬɶ ɱɟɪ ɜɟɣ ɫɧɢɠɚɟɬɫɹ ɜ ɫɜɹɡɢ ɫ ɛɨɥɟɟ ɲɢɪɨɤɢɦ ɢɯ ɪɚɫɩɪɟɞɟɥɟɧɢɟɦ ɩɨ ɦɟɫɬɧɨɫɬɢ ȼ -ɫɭɬɤɢ ɩɪɨɢɫɯɨɞɢɬ ɡɚɫɟɥɟɧɢɟ ɡɚɝɪɹɡɧɺɧɧɵɯ ɭɱɚɫɬɤɨɜ ɢ ɧɨɪɦɚɥɢɡɚɰɢɹ ɱɢɫɥɟɧ ɧɨɫɬɢ ɩɨɥɨɜɨɡɪɟɥɵɯ ɠɢɜɨɬɧɵɯ ɜ ɩɪɢɝɪɚɧɢɱɧɵɯ ɨɛɥɚɫɬɹɯ
ϭϬϰ
Ɋɢɫ ɂɡɦɟɧɟɧɢɹ ɱɢɫɥɟɧɧɨɫɬɢ ɞɨɠɞɟɜɵɯ ɱɟɪɜɟɣ ɩɪɢ ɯɪɨɧɢɱɟɫɤɨɦɞɟɣɫɬɜɢɢ ɛɟɧɡɢɧɚ ɤɝ ɦ ɜɩɪɢɝɪɚɧɢɱɧɨɣ ɨɛɥɚɫɬɢ
Ɂɧɚɱɟɧɢɹ ɧɨɪɦɢɪɨɜɚɧɧɵɯ ɩɨɤɚɡɚɬɟɥɟɣ Ɉ Ʉ Ʉ ɱɢɫɥɟɧɧɨɫɬɢ ɱɟɪɜɟɣ
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ɉɨɪɢɨɞ ɩɨɫɥɟɞɟɣɫɬɜɢɹ ɢ |
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ɫɭɬɨɤ |
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ɉɨɥɨɜɨɡɪ ɱɟɪɜɢ
ɇɟɩɨɥɨɜɨɡɪ ɱɟɪɜɢ
/XPEULFXV UXEHOOXV ɇ 
2FWRODVLXPODFWHXPɈ
ɋɧɢɠɟɧɢɟ ɭɪɨɜɧɹ ɤɨɧɰɟɧɬɪɚɰɢɢ ɛɟɧɡɢɧɚ ɢ ɝɢɛɟɥɢ ɞɨɠɞɟɜɵɯ ɱɟɪɜɟɣ ɧɚ ɡɚ ɝɪɹɡɧɺɧɧɵɯ ɭɱɚɫɬɤɚɯ ɭɜɟɥɢɱɢɜɚɟɬ ɩɟɪɢɨɞ ɚɤɬɢɜɧɨɣ ɦɢɝɪɚɰɢɢ ɞɨ ɫɭɬɨɤɊɢɫ Ɂɚɫɟɥɟɧɢɟ ɡɚɝɪɹɡɧɺɧɧɨɣ ɨɛɥɚɫɬɢ ɩɪɨɢɫɯɨɞɢɬ ɜ 90- ɫɭɬɤɢ ɢ ɫɨɩɪɨɜɨɠ ɞɚɟɬɫɹ ɩɨɜɵɲɟɧɢɟɦ ɱɢɫɥɟɧɧɨɫɬɢ ɠɢɜɨɬɧɵɯ ɜ ɩɪɢɝɪɚɧɢɱɧɵɯ ɭɱɚɫɬɤɚɯ ɋɥɟɞɨɜɚ ɬɟɥɶɧɨ ɜ ɢɫɫɥɟɞɨɜɚɧɧɨɦ ɢɧɬɟɪɜɚɥɟ ɤɨɧɰɟɧɬɪɚɰɢɣ ɛɟɧɡɢɧɚ ɢ ɞɢɡɟɥɶɧɨɝɨ ɬɨɩɥɢɜɚ ɧɨɪɦɚɥɢɡɚɰɢɹ ɩɨɱɜɟɧɧɵɯ ɷɤɨɫɢɫɬɟɦ ɞɥɹ ɞɨɠɞɟɜɵɯ ɱɟɪɜɟɣ ɩɪɨɢɫɯɨɞɢɬ ɜ ɬɟɱɟɧɢɟ ɨɞɧɨɝɨ ɥɟɬɧɟɝɨ ɫɟɡɨɧɚ
ϭϬϱ