- •Contents
- •General editors’ preface
- •Preface
- •Contributors
- •Table of legislation
- •Austria
- •Belgium
- •England
- •Finland
- •France
- •Germany
- •Greece
- •Italy
- •Portugal
- •Scotland
- •Spain
- •Sweden
- •The Netherlands
- •Austria
- •Belgium
- •Finland
- •France
- •Germany
- •Greece
- •Italy
- •Portugal
- •Spain
- •Sweden
- •The Netherlands
- •Abbreviations
- •1 The notion of pure economic loss and its setting
- •Introduction
- •Pure vs. consequential economic loss
- •Actor’s state of mind: intention vs. negligence
- •The standard cases: a taxonomy
- •Ricochet loss
- •Transferred loss
- •Closure of public markets, transportation corridors and public infrastructures
- •Present vs. future loss
- •In the scale of human values
- •In historical perspective
- •2 The rule against recovery in negligence for pure economic loss: an historical accident?
- •Introduction
- •Continental law before the nineteenth century
- •The Roman texts
- •The natural law schools
- •The nineteenth and twentieth centuries
- •Germany
- •Before the code
- •England
- •Conclusion
- •3A Pure economic loss: an economic analysis
- •Introduction
- •Basic institutions of the market economy
- •Basic rights
- •Freedom of contract
- •Private property
- •Liability
- •Stable legal environment
- •Stable currency
- •Open markets
- •Procedural guarantees
- •Relationship between public bodies
- •Relationships between public bodies and citizens
- •Externalities, rent seeking and dynamic markets
- •Looking at the cases
- •Conclusion
- •A concise summary
- •The economics of pure economic loss
- •Socially relevant externalities and the optimal scope of liability
- •Pure economic loss as a social cost
- •Pure economic loss: towards an economic restatement
- •In search of comparable categories: a hypothesis
- •Recasting the economic loss rule
- •Practical problems in the application of the economic loss rule
- •The problem of foreseeability of pure economic losses
- •Problems of derivative and open-ended litigation
- •Conclusion
- •4 American tort law and the (supposed) economic loss rule
- •Introduction: the relative unimportance of an exclusionary rule in the United States
- •Products liability as an exception
- •Rationales of the rule
- •Contexts and cases
- •Conclusion
- •5 The liability regimes of Europe – their façades and interiors
- •Introduction
- •Two alternative formulas: from façades to operative rules
- •General vs. specific characteristics
- •The liberal, pragmatic and conservative regimes of tort
- •The liberal regimes of France, Belgium, Italy, Spain and Greece
- •France – an enigmatic liberalism
- •In the Belgian looking glass
- •Italy’s recent revolution
- •The Spanish countercurrents
- •Greece’s liberal credentials
- •The pragmatic regimes of England, Scotland and the Netherlands
- •England’s cautious and pragmatic judges
- •Scotland: an ambiguous pragmatism
- •A middle path in the Netherlands
- •The conservative regimes of Germany, Austria, Portugal, Sweden and Finland
- •Germany: narrow in tort but wide in contract
- •The transformed general clause
- •The resort to contractual actions
- •Portugal’s continuous resort to German sources
- •Sweden and Finland: nulla injuria sine lege?
- •Conclusion
- •6 Preliminary remarks on methodology
- •Aim and method of the study
- •The common core approach
- •The three-level response
- •7 The case studies
- •National Reporters and the Editors
- •Comparative Commentary
- •Mauro Bussani and Vernon Valentine Palmer
- •Case 1: cable I – the blackout
- •Editors’ comparative comments
- •Case 2: cable II – the factory shutdown
- •Editors’ comparative comments
- •Case 3: cable III – the day-to-day workers
- •Editors’ comparative comments
- •Case 4: convalescing employee
- •Editors’ comparative comments
- •Case 5: requiem for an Italian all star
- •Editors’ comparative comments
- •Case 6: the infected cow
- •Editors’ comparative comments
- •Case 7: the careless architect
- •Editors’ comparative comments
- •Case 8: the cancelled cruise
- •Editors’ comparative comments
- •Case 9: fire in the projection booth
- •Case 10: the dutiful wife
- •Editors’ comparative comments
- •Case 11: a maestro’s mistake
- •Editors’ comparative comments
- •Case 12: double sale
- •Editors’ comparative comments
- •Case 13: subcontractor’s liability
- •Editors’ comparative comments
- •Case 14: poor legal services
- •Editors’ comparative comments
- •Editors’ comparative comments
- •Case 16: truck blocking entrance to business premises
- •Editors’ comparative comments
- •Case 17: auditor’s liability
- •Editors’ comparative comments
- •Case 18: wrongful job reference
- •Editors’ comparative comments
- •Case 19: breach of promise
- •Editors’ comparative comments
- •Case 20: an anonymous telephone call
- •Editors’ comparative comments
- •8 Summary and survey of the cases and results
- •Introduction
- •Reappraising the divides
- •Certainty vs. uncertainty
- •9 General conclusions of the study
- •Irrelevance of legal families
- •Absence of methodological common core
- •Awareness of the time factor
- •The substantive common core
- •Consequential loss
- •Intentional harm
- •Key areas of selective protection
- •Summary on the ‘limited common core’
- •Introduction
- •Pure economic loss astride private law frontiers
- •The place of pure economic loss within different possible frames of a tort law codification
- •Possible basic scenarios
- •A code imposing liability on the ground of a rigid typecast set of provisions
- •A tort law codification adopting a ‘general clause’: the selection of recoverable losses as the crucial choice
- •A destiny to be interpreted
- •Bibliography
- •Index
Abbreviations
A. |
Corte di Appello |
AA |
Ars Aequi |
ABGB |
Allgemeines Bürgerliches Gesetzbuch |
AC |
Appeal Cases |
|
Archivio civile |
|
Arresten van het Hof van Cassatie |
ACirc. |
Archivio circolazione |
Ac P |
Archiv für die civilistische Praxis |
AG |
Aktiengesellschaft |
AGBG |
Gesetz zur Regelung des Rechts der Allgemeinen |
|
Geschäftsbedingungen |
AID |
Archeion Idiotikou Dikaiou |
AJCL |
American Journal of Comparative Law |
AJDA |
Les actualités juridiques – Droit administratif |
AK |
Astikos Kodikas |
All ER |
All England Reports |
AMG |
Arzneimittelgesetz |
AngG |
Angestelltengesetz |
AP |
Areios Pagos |
App. Cas. |
Law Reports Appeal Cases, House of Lords |
Arc |
Archeio Nomologias |
Arm |
Armenopoulos |
Arr. Verbr. |
Arresten van het Hof van Verbreking |
Ass. Plén. |
Cour de Cassation, Assemblée Plénière |
AtomG |
Atomgesetz |
B&S |
Best & Smith’s Queen Bench Reports |
BAG |
Bundesarbeitsgericht |
xl
|
l i s t o f a b b r e v i a t i o n s |
xli |
BB |
Der Betriebsberater |
|
BBergG |
Bundesbergbaugesetz |
|
BBTC |
Banca borsa e titoli di credito |
|
BergG |
Berggesetz |
|
BGB |
Bürgerliches Gesetzbuch |
|
BGBl |
Bundesgesetzblatt |
|
BGH |
Bundesgerichtshof |
|
BGH-GS |
Bundesgerichtshof – Großer Senat für Zivilsachen |
|
BGHSt. |
Entscheidungen des Bundesgerichtshofes in Strafsachen |
|
BGHZ |
Entscheidungen des Bundesgerichtshofes in Zivilsachen |
|
Bing NC |
Bingham, New Cases, English Common Pleas |
|
BNatSchG |
Bundesnaturschutzgesetz |
|
BNotO |
Bundesnotarordnung |
|
BPflV |
Bundespf legesatzverordnung |
|
BR |
Bouwrecht |
|
BS/MB |
Belgisch Staatsblad/Moniteur belge |
|
BT Drucks |
Drucksachen des Deutschen Bundestages |
|
Bull. Civ. |
Bulletin des arrˆets de la Cour de Cassation, chambres |
|
|
civiles |
|
Bull. Crim. |
Bulletin des arrˆets de la Cour de Cassation, chambre |
|
|
criminelle |
|
Bull. Joly |
Bulletin Joly |
|
BVerfG |
Bundesverfassungsgericht |
|
BVerfGE |
Entscheidungen des Bundesverfassungsgerichtes |
|
BW |
Burgerlijk Wetboek |
|
CA |
Court of Appeal |
|
CAA |
Cour Administrative d’Appel |
|
Camb LJ |
Cambridge Law Journal |
|
Cass. |
Cour de Cassation/Corte di Cassazione, sezione civile |
|
Cass. 1e civ. |
Cour de Cassation, première chambre civile |
|
Cass. 2e civ. |
Cour de Cassation, deuxième chambre civile |
|
Cass. 3e civ. |
Cour de Cassation, troisième chambre civile |
|
Cass. ass. plén. |
Cour de Cassation, assemblée plénière |
|
Cass. com. |
Cour de Cassation, chambre commerciale et financière |
|
Cass. crim. |
Cour de Cassation, chambre criminelle |
|
Cass. pen. |
Corte di Cassazione, sezione penale |
|
Cass. soc. |
Cour de Cassation, chambre sociale |
|
cc/CC/C.civ. |
Codice Civile/Code civil/Civil Code/Código Civil |
|
CCPr. |
Code of Civil Procedure |
|
xlii |
l i s t o f a b b r e v i a t i o n s |
|
CÉ |
|
Conseil d’État |
CG |
|
Corriere giuridico |
Ch |
|
Law Reports, Chancery |
Ch D |
|
Chancery Division of the High Court |
Ch. mixte |
Cour de Cassation, Mixed Chambers |
|
Ch. réun. |
Cour de Cassation, Joined Chambers |
|
CI |
|
Contratto e impresa |
Cir. |
|
Circuit Court |
CJ |
|
Colectaneaˆ de Jurisprudˆencia |
Cm. |
|
Command Paper |
Cmnd |
|
Command Papers, 5th series |
c. Nap. |
|
Code Napoléon |
CP |
|
Corte di Cassazione penale |
C&P |
|
Carrington & Payne’s Nisi Prius Reports |
Curr. Legal Prob. |
Current Legal Problems |
|
D |
|
Dike |
|
|
Recueil Dalloz et Sirey |
DA |
|
Recueil analitique Dalloz |
DAR |
|
Deutsches Autorecht |
DB |
|
Der Betrieb |
DC |
|
Divisional Court |
|
|
Recueil critique Dalloz |
DF |
|
Diritto fallimentare |
DH |
|
Recueil hebdomadaire Dalloz |
Dig. |
|
Digest of Justinian |
Dig. It. |
|
Digesto Italiano |
DII |
|
Diritto informazione e informatica |
Dir. e Prat. Lav. |
Diritto e pratica del lavow |
|
DJZ |
|
Deutsche Juristenzeitung |
d.lgvo. |
|
Decreto legislativo |
DP |
|
Recueil périodique et critique Dalloz (until 1940) |
d.p.r. |
|
Decreto Presidente della Repubblica |
DR |
|
Danno e responsabilità |
|
|
Deutsches Recht |
D. somm. |
Recueil Dalloz, Dalloz-Sirey, Sommaires Commentés |
|
East |
|
East’s Term Reports, King’s Bench |
ecolex |
|
Ecolex – Fachzeitschrift für Wirtschaftsrecht |
EEDSTh |
|
Epistimoniki Epetiris Dikigorikou Sillogou |
|
|
Thessalonikis |
EEmbD |
|
Epitheorisi Emborikou Dikaiou |
|
l i s t o f a b b r e v i a t i o n s |
xliii |
EEN |
Efimeris Ellinon Nomikon |
|
EErgD or EED |
Epitheorisi Ergatikou Dikaiou |
|
EfAth |
Efeteio Athinon |
|
EfSlg |
Eheund familienrechtliche Entscheidungen |
|
EfThes |
Efeteio Thesalonikis |
|
EGLR |
Estates Gazette Law Reports |
|
EKHG |
Eisenbahnund Kraftfahrzeug-Haftpf lichtgesetz |
|
El & Bl |
Ellis & Blackburn’s Queen’s Bench Reports |
|
EllDni |
Helliniki Dikaiosyni |
|
EmbN |
Emporikos Nomos |
|
ER |
English Reports |
|
ErmAK |
Commentary interpreting the Civil Code (Greece) |
|
EuGRZ |
Europäische Grundrechte Zeitschrift |
|
EuZW |
Europäische Zeitschrift für Wirtschaftsrecht |
|
eV |
eingetragener Verein |
|
EvBl |
Evidenzblatt |
|
Ex |
Court of Exchequer |
|
Ex. Ch. |
Court of Exchequer Chamber |
|
Fam. Law |
Family Law |
|
FI |
Il Foro Italiano |
|
FLR |
Family Law Reports |
|
ForstG |
Forstgesetz |
|
FP |
Il Foro Padano |
|
FSR |
Fleet Street Reports |
|
GA |
Goltdammer’s Archiv für Strafrecht |
|
Gaz. Pal. |
Gazette du Palais |
|
GC |
Giustizia civile |
|
GenTG |
Gentechnikgesetz |
|
GG |
Grundgesetz |
|
GI |
Giurisprudenza Italiana |
|
GlUNF |
Sammlung von Entscheidungen des k.k. Obersten |
|
|
Gerichtshofes, Neue Folge |
|
Giur. Comm. |
Giurisprudenza commerciale |
|
GM |
Giurisprudenza di merito |
|
GmbH |
Gesellschaft mit beschränkter Haftung |
|
GU |
Gazzetta Ufficiale |
|
HaftpltG |
Haftpf lichtgesetz |
|
HC |
High Court |
|
HD |
Högsta domstolen |
|
HdBW |
Handbuch des Bauund Wohnungsrechts |
|
xliv |
l i s t o f a b b r e v i a t i o n s |
|
HGB |
|
Handelsgesetzbuch |
HL |
|
House of Lords |
HLR |
|
Housing Law Reports |
HR |
|
Hoge Raad der Nederlanden |
ICLQ |
|
International and Comparative Law Quarterly |
ICR |
|
Industrial Cases Reports |
ILRM |
|
Irish Law Reports Monthly |
IPRax |
|
Praxis des internationalen Privatund |
|
|
Verfahrensrechts |
IR |
|
Irish Reports |
JBl |
|
Juristische Blätter |
JCP |
|
Semaine Juridique or Juris-classeur périodique, |
|
|
Edition générale |
JCP(E) |
|
Juris-classeur périodique, Edition Entreprise |
JLSS |
|
Journal of the Law Society of Scotland |
Jour. Soc. lég. comp. |
Journées de la Société de législation comparée |
|
JR |
|
Juristische Rundschau |
JT |
|
Journal des tribunaux |
Juris-Data |
Recueil Dalloz, Juris-Data |
|
JuS |
|
Juristische Schulung |
JZ |
|
Juristenzeitung |
KB |
|
King’s Bench |
|
|
Koninklijk Besluit |
KBD |
|
King’s Bench Division |
KCLJ |
|
King’s College Law Journal |
KKO |
|
Korkein oikeus |
LAG |
|
Landesarbeitsgericht |
LC |
|
Lord Chancellor |
Leb. |
|
Recueil des décisions du Conseil d’État (Recueil Lebon) |
LM |
|
Lindenmaier-Möhring, Nachschlagewerk des |
|
|
Bundesgerichtshofes |
LQR |
|
Law Quarterly Review |
LR |
|
Law Reports |
LuftVG |
|
Luftverkehrsgesetz |
M |
|
Macpherson’s Series, Court of Session Reports |
Macq |
|
Macqueen’s Scots Appeal Cases |
MDR |
|
Monatsschrift für Deutsches Recht |
MGC |
|
Giustizia civile: massimario annotato della |
|
|
Cassazione |
|
l i s t o f a b b r e v i a t i o n s |
xlv |
MGLav. |
Massimario Giustizia Lavoro |
|
MinD |
Ministerial Decision |
|
MJ |
Maastricht Journal of European and Comparative |
|
|
Law |
|
Mod. LR |
Modern Law Review |
|
MprThes |
Monomeles Protdikeio Thesalonikis |
|
MR |
Master of the Rolls |
|
M & R |
Milieu en Recht |
|
NBW |
Nieuw Burgerlijk Wetboek |
|
NDik |
Neon Dikaion |
|
NGCC |
Nuova giurisprudenza civile commentata |
|
NILR |
Netherlands International Law Review |
|
NJ |
Nederlandse Jurisprudentie |
|
NJA |
Nytt Juridiskt Arkiv avd.I |
|
NJB |
Nederlands Juristenblad |
|
NJW |
Neue juristische Wochenschrift |
|
NJW-RR |
Neue juristische Wochenschrift – |
|
|
Rechtsprechungsreport Zivilrecht |
|
NoB |
Nomiko Vima |
|
NRDCo |
Nuora Rivista di diritto Commerciale |
|
NTBR |
Kwartaalbericht Nieuw BW |
|
N.V. |
Naamloze Vennootschap |
|
NZ |
Notariatszeitung |
|
NZA |
Neue Zeitschrift für Arbeitsund Sozialrecht |
|
NZV |
Neue Zeitschrift für Verkehrsrecht |
|
ÖBA |
Österreichisches Bankarchiv |
|
ÖBl |
Österreichische Blätter für gewerblichen Rechtsschutz |
|
|
und Urheberrecht |
|
OGH |
Oberster Gerichtshof |
|
OJ |
Official Journal (of the EC/EU) |
|
OJLS |
Oxford Journal of Legal Studies |
|
ÖJZ |
Österreichische Juristenzeitung |
|
OLG |
Oberlandesgericht |
|
OR |
Pasicrisie/Pasinomie |
|
PC |
Judicial Committee of the Privy Council |
|
|
Penal Code |
|
Pin Chr |
Pinika Chronika |
|
PrD |
Presidential Decree |
|
Pret. |
Pretura |
|
xlvi |
l i s t o f a b b r e v i a t i o n s |
|
ProdHaftG |
Produkthaftungsgesetz |
|
Pub L |
|
Public Law |
pVV |
|
positive Vertragsverletzung |
QB |
|
Queen’s Bench Reports |
QBD |
|
Queen’s Bench Division of the High Court |
R |
|
Rettie |
Rass DC |
|
Rassegna di diritto civile |
RCDP |
|
Rivista critica di diritto privato |
RCJB |
|
Revue critique de jurisprudence belge |
RCP |
|
Responsabilità civile e previdenza |
R.D. |
|
Royal Decree |
Rd.-Nr. |
|
Randnummer |
RDC/RDComm. |
Rivista di diritto commerciale |
|
RdW |
|
Österreichisches Recht der Wirtschaft |
Rec. |
|
Recueil des décisions du Conseil d’État |
Rep.Not.Defr. |
Répertoire du notariat Defrénois |
|
Req. |
|
Cour de Cassation, chambre des requˆetes |
Resp. Ass. |
Responsabilité civile et assurances |
|
Rev. trim. dr. civ. |
Revue trimestrielle de droit civil |
|
RFDA |
|
Revue française de droit administratif |
RFL |
|
Rivista Finanza Locale |
RG |
|
Reichsgericht |
RGAR |
|
Revue générale des assurances et des responsabilités |
RGBl |
|
Reichsgesetzblatt |
RGCirc. |
|
Rivista giuridica circolazione e trasporti |
RGEnel |
|
Rassegna giuridica Enel |
RGRK |
|
Reichsgerichtsrätekommentar |
RGZ |
|
Entscheidungen des Reichsgerichtes in Zivilsachen |
RHDI |
|
Revue hellénique de droit international |
RHG |
|
Reichshaftpf lichtgesetz |
RICO |
|
Racketeer-Inf luenced and Corrupt Organizations |
RIDC |
|
Revue internationale de droit comparé |
Riv. dir. civ. |
Rivista di diritto civile |
|
Riv.Soc. |
|
Rivista delle Società |
Riv. trim. dir. civ. |
Rivista trimestrale di diritto e procedura civile |
|
RM Themis |
Rechtsgeleerd Magazijn Themis |
|
RohrlG |
|
Rohrleitungsgesetz |
RSC |
|
Rules of the Supreme Court |
RTDCiv. |
|
Revue trimestrielle de droit civil |
|
l i s t o f a b b r e v i a t i o n s |
xlvii |
RTR |
Road Traffic Reports |
|
RvdW |
Rechtspraak van de Week |
|
RW |
Rechtskundig Weekblad |
|
RZ |
Richterzeitung |
|
S |
Recueil Sirey (until 1962) |
|
SA |
Société Anonyme |
|
S. Jur. |
Recueil Dalloz, Sirey, Jurisprudence |
|
SkadestL |
Skadeståndslag |
|
SLT |
Scottish Law Times Reports |
|
SOU |
Statens offentlig utredning |
|
StGB |
Strafgesetzbuch |
|
STJ |
Supremo Tribunal de Justiça |
|
StPO |
Strafprozeßordnung |
|
StVG |
Straßenverkehrsgesetz |
|
StVO |
Straßenverkehrsordnung |
|
StVZO |
Straßenverkehrszulassungsordnung |
|
SU |
Sezioni Unite |
|
SV |
Sozialversicherungsrechtliche |
|
|
Entscheidungssammlung |
|
SZ |
Entscheidungen des österreichischen Obersten |
|
|
Gerichtshofes in Zivilsachen |
|
T |
Temi |
|
TBBR |
Tijdschrift voor Belgisch burgerlijk recht |
|
TBP |
Tijdschrift voor bestuurswetenschappen en publiek |
|
|
recht |
|
TGI |
Tribunal de grande instance |
|
Them |
Themis |
|
Trib. |
Tribunal |
|
Trib. com. Paris |
Tribunal de chambre commerciale et financière à |
|
|
Paris |
|
T Romana |
Temi Romana |
|
TvC |
Tijdschrift voor Consumentenrecht |
|
TVvS |
Maandblad voor ondernemingsrecht en |
|
|
rechtspersonen |
|
UCC |
Uniform Commercial Code |
|
UHG |
Umwelthaftungsgesetz |
|
UWG |
Gesetz gegen unlauteren Wettbewerb |
|
VersR |
Versicherungsrecht |
|
VersVG |
Versicherungsvertragsgesetz |
|
xlviii |
l i s t o f a b b r e v i a t i o n s |
VR |
Verkeersrecht |
WBl |
Wirtschaftsrechtliche Blätter |
WHG |
Wasserhaushaltsgesetz |
WLR |
Weekly Law Reports |
WM |
Wertpapiermitteilungen |
WPNR |
Weekblad voor privaatrecht, notariaat en registratie |
ZAS |
Zeitschrift für Arbeitsund Sozialrecht |
ZEuP |
Zeitschrift für Europäisches Privatrecht |
ZIP |
Zeitschrift für Wirtschaftsrecht |
ZPO |
Zivilprozeßordnung |
ZRP |
Zeitschrift für Rechtspolitik |
ZVR |
Zeitschrift für Verkehrsrecht |
ZZP |
Zeitschrift für Zivilprozess |
P A R T I S I T U A T I N G T H E F R O N T I E R