4906

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historical experience and distinctive qualities and features of the people that make up the population of the regions:

1)New England; 2)the Mid-Atlantic Region; 3)the South; 4)the Midwest; 5)the Southwest; 6)the Rocky Mountain Region; 7)the Pacific Northwest and Alaska; 8)California and Hawaii.

The students get acquainted with the states incorporated into these regions, their capital cities; learn about their location, some fun facts from history of those states, their economy; and become aware of ethnic and cultural diversity of the regions. Place Names and Ethnic Words list includes the names of the states (and their transcriptions), the names of the capital cities, the nicknames and floral emblems of the states, as well as peculiar words including names of nationalities. The students need to know these names and be able to show the sates and their capitals on the map. Questions like “What are the most extensive/ smallest/ driest/ mountainous regions/ states? What rivers flow throughout these regions? How does the geographical position of the region tell on people’s life? What associations do you think of in connection with …”? aim not only to check students’ knowledge of the geographical position of a region but as well to develop logical, visual, and analytical thinking.

Some new words (at least 20 – 30 for each reading) are compiled in Vocabulary and Cultural Literacy List. At least 20 new words from the passage are extracted for the

Vocabulary exercises including synonyms, fill-in, multiple choice, matching, choosing between the two alternatives, words in sentences, definitions formats. Comprehension questions (True or False, Complete the Sentences According to the Text) help to check the understanding of details from the readings; open-question format helps to assess whether the class has gotten the main ideas and facts about the eight regions and the states incorporated in these regions; whether the students have remembered the sights of New York City, Washington, D.C., New Orleans, some historical facts, or fun facts related to particular regions. Conversational activities (Discussion) include reading a poem by Emma Lazarus about the Statue of Liberty and discussing the questions in groups of four or by the whole class (Unit 3); commenting on some peculiar statements from the reading; explaining some peculiar words or phrases (Dixie, the Big Easy, hillbilly, spiritual, McUniversity-style education etc (Unit 4); drive-through; rags-to-riches hero; hogster; pioneer; establishment (Unit5); metropolis, megalopolis; the Gold Rush, Silicon Valley, frontier ; the environment and wilderness-concerned society (Unit 6).

Conversational activities require that students as well share additional information on the regions to supplement the reading passages. Teachers may wish to have students prepare reports or present the information as a project.

UNIT 2 NEW ENGLAND AND THE MID-ATLANTIC REGION (New York City) (pp.11 – 18)

Warm-up

1. How many states is the USA made up of?

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2.What is the largest and what is the smallest state in the USA? (Alaska; Rhode Island)

3.What state was the last to join the US: California, Alaska, or Hawaii? (Hawaii,1959)

4.Do you know what the capital city of New York State is: New York, Albany, or Washington? (Albany)

5.What is the longest river in the USA? (Mississippi)

Place Names and Ethnic Words

New England: Maine[mein] – Mэн (Pine Tree State “Сосновый штат”), New `Hampshire – Нью Хэмпшир (Granite State “Гранитный штат”), Vermont [vз:`mont] –

Вермонт ( Green Mountain State “Штат Зелёных гор”), Massa`chusetts – Массачусетс (Bay State “Штат у залива”), Rhode Island [roud `ailэnd] – Род-Айлэнд

(Little Rhody “Маленький Роди”), Connecticut – Коннектикут ( Nutmeg State “Мускатный штат”), Albany [`o:lbэni] – Олбани; Mid-Atlantic Region: New Jersey [dzэ:zi] – Нью Джерси (Garden State “Садовый штат”); Pennsylvania [pensil`veinjэ]

– Пенсильвания (Keystone State “Штат краеугольного камня”), Delaware [`dеlзwеэ] – Делавэр (Blue Hen State “Штат синей курицы”), New York – (Empire

State “Имперский штат”), West Virginia – (Mountain State “Горный штат”); New Yorkers – ньюйоркцы, the Dutch – голландцы, Manhattan [mэn`hэtn] Манхэттен, Queens [kwi:nz] – Куинс, Brooklyn [`bruklin] – Бруклин, the Bronx – Бронкс, Harlem [`ha:lэm] – Гарлем

Vocabulary and Cultural Literacy List

1.distinctive (from) – easy to recognize because of being different from other people or things of the same type – заметно отличающийся

2.incorporate – to add or include something as a part of something else – включать в состав

3.corruption – dishonest or illegal behavior by officials or people in position of power esp. when they accept money in exchange for doing thing for someone – моральное разложение, продажность, коррупция; corrupt (v.) = to lead astray – to encourage people to do dishonest, illegal or immoral things – развращать, разлагать; корежить; corrupt (adj) – испорченный, развращенный, продажный

4. stray away (v.) – to move away from the correct path – отклониться , отойти от курса; stray (cat/dog/child) – lost, without a home – бродячий

5. steeple – an ornamental construction, usually ending in a spire, erected on a roof or tower of a church or public building

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6.vote –to show your choice of a person or an issue in an election; elect, ballot, choose

– голосовать; vote (n) – election, ballot, choice; suffrage – избирательное право, право голоса

7.facilities – a system, room or piece of equipment that is provided for people to

use – заведения, сооружения, условия, ability – возможности

8.appeal – (1)a request for people to do something or to behave in a particular way = plea – призыв, воззвание; (2)attractiveness, charm – привлекательность; to have appeal

9.shrewd – able to judge people/situations very well and to make good decisions = cunning, sly, ingenious – проницательный, умный, практичный

10.thrifty – economical, frugal, saving – careful about how you spend money so that you do not waste any – экономный, бережливый; Ant. prodigal, spendthrift –

расточительный, щедрый

11.densely (populated) = populous –with a lot of people close together – плотно

(населенный); Ant. sparsely (populated) – in small amounts or a large distance apart; density (n)

12.proprietorship – owning something (business) = ownership – собственность

13.rival(v) – be as good as someone else = compete, oppose, contest – coставить конкуренцию; rival(n) – competitor, contestant; opponent; without a rival – вне конкуренции

14.environs – the area that surrounds the place – окрестности

15.distant – seeming unfriendly, not showing feelings = cool, aloof – сухой,

холодный, сдержанный

16.deteriorating – becoming worse = worsening – все ухудшающийся

17.сontradiction – a difference between ideas or things that makes it impossible for all of them to be true because of being completely opposite – противоречие

18.bleak and shabby – унылый и запущенный

19.lay claim to sth – to state the legal right to sth – предъявлять права на что-л

20.(the) stock exchange/ (the) stock market – a place where people buy and sell shares in companies/ activities connected with selling and buying shares – фондовая биржа рынок ценных бумаг; commodity exchange – a place where goods of a particular kind (a basic food products or fuel) are bought and sold – товарная биржа; brokerage – the activities of organizing business deals for other people – посреднические услуги, маклерство; insurance – an arrangement in which you regularly pay an insurance company an amount of money so that they will give you money if sth you own is damaged, lost, or stolen, or if you die or are ill or injured – страхование, страховка

21.devastate – lay waste, ravage – to seriously damage or completely destroy – разорять, опустошать; devastating (adj.)

22.inaugurate – to celebrate the fact that a recently elected president begins in the job

– торжественно войти в должность; inauguration (n.)

23.borough – town or a district in a city that is responsible for its own schools, libraries etc – район

24.civilian(s) – s/one who does not belong to the armed forces or the police –

гражданское население

25.soar – to fly high in the sky; to be very tall and impressive; to quickly increase to a higher level – подниматься ввысь; стремительно повышаться

26.cluster – group, gather, pack, crowd –собираться группами, тесниться

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27.rent (v) – to pay money regularly to use a house, office etc. that belongs to s/one else – брать в аренду; to allow a house, office etc. that you own to be used by s/one who pays you regularly for using it – сдавать в аренду; арендная/квартирная плата; рента; плата за прокат

28.retail outlets –shops or other places where particular goods are sold directly to the public for their own use - магазины розничной торговли; retail - розница; Ant.

wholesale – oпт

29.stagnate – to stay the same without developing/growing – застаиваться

30.shrink – contract, diminish, to become smaller in size – сокращаться. Ant. swell, expand, enlarge, sprawl

31.emerge – appear; surface, rise; become known /recognized – появляться, возникать; emerging/emergent economies/markets/ businesses – новые/развивающиеся; Ant. – submerge – go completely under water, sink, subside –

погружаться

32.inflow – the amount of s/th (money/goods/people) that comes into a place –

приток. Ant. оutflow

33.real estate = property –land and the buildings on it; business of buying and selling it – недвижимость/собственность

34.high-end – high-end goods and services are more expensive and more advanced than other similar goods and services; Ant. low-end

35.farm out – to send part of your work to be done by people outside the company –

отдать на откуп; сдавать в аренду

the Big Apple –an informal name (nickname) for New York City

JFK – an international airport in New York City; an informal name for US 35th president John F Kennedy, Jr

Art Deco –a style of art, decoration, and architecture with simple strong lines that was especially popular in the 1920s and 1930s in Europe and US

New York Mega (Mega`lopolis) – New York with environs and suburbs

helluva [`helэvэ]–used for emphasizing how good sth is – чертовский, адский: It was one helluva party!

Vocabulary Check

I Fill the blanks with the words from the vocabulary list that correctly complete the sentence. Use the words in an appropriate form. Which word is the One Odd Out?

thrifty, vote, deteriorating, shrewd, stock exchange, incorporate, rent, inflow, densely, rival, сorruption, civilians

1.The name “United States” ____ the fact that the country is made up of a variety of discrete units. (incorporates)

2.A group of deeply religious people anxious to escape the domination and ____ they found in England, established New England.(corruption)

3.Vermont was the first state in which all men could ____. (vote)

4.The Yankee has a reputation for being honest but ____ and ____. (shrewd, thrifty)

5.The area along the narrow coastal strip from Boston to Washington is ____

populated: more than 20% of the US population live here. (densely)

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6.The original patterns of learning and proprietorship established in Mid-Atlantic Region ____New England. (rivaled)

7.Despite the ____ services, crime-ridden subways, and its prices, New York City still remains the focal point of US’ commerce and culture. (deteriorating)

8.With the ____ founded in 1792 New York became the leading financial and commercial center. (Stock Exchange)

9.Thousands of innocent ____ , blue-collar workers, police officers, and three hundred and forty-three firemen died as a result of the terrorist attacks in September 11th, 2001. (civilians)

10.A black man gave an idea to the building owners: why not ____ the apartments to the black families who wanted to move from half-ruined apartments in downtown Manhattan.(rent)

II.Choose the word that best defines the italicized word.

1.There are plans to improve toilet facilities at the station.

2.The group clustered around the notice board where the exam results had been put up.

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9. To many occasional visitors New Yorkers might seem cold and distant.

10. Unemployment has soared during this period, so have the prices.

I. According to the text, are these sentences TRUE or FALSE? Correct the wrong statements.

1.The United States is made up of a variety of units, the first ten existed as separate colonies of the British Empire before the Revolutionary War. (F) …the first twelve

2.Pennsylvania was the first state in which all men could vote. (F) …Vermont

3.The first US college was founded in New England. (T)

4.Baseball was invented in Springfield, Massachusetts. (F) … basketball

5.Delaware was established by Swedes. (T)

6.Germans had ruled New York from the 1620s. (F) … the Dutch

7.Ellis Island is immigration center. (F) …it was, but in 1954 it was closed

8.Time Square in New York is a triangle. (T)

9.After 1790, New York was the seat of the US government. (F) …from 1785 to 1790

10.Empire State Building was built by a General Motors executive. (T)

11.The Dakota is one of the five boroughs of New York. (F) …the place on the western side of Central Park

12.Columbia University is in Massachusetts. (F) …Harvard

13.Since the 1980s, the population of New York Mega has shrunk. (T)

14.Museum Mile is on Broadway. (F) …a part of Fifth Avenue along Central Park

15.Hell Gate is a five-mile long bridge in New York. (F) …three-mile-long railway bridge

II. Answer the questions (pp.18 – 19).

Conversational activities.

Comment on these lines from a song:

“New York, New York …It’s a helluva town! It is impossible place to live and the only place to live.”

Why do you think New York is referred to like that?

Come up with some more information or fun facts about the states included in New England and the Mid-Atlantic Region.

QUIZ 1 (Units 1 2 pp. 5 18)

Warm-up

1. What is the Statue of Liberty? Where is it situated?

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2.Which of the cities is older: New York or Washington?

3.What is the meaning of D.C. after the name of the US capital?

4.What famous skyscrapers in Washington do you know?

3. What is the US President’s residence: the Capitol or the White House?

Place Names and Ethnic Words

the Swedes [swi:dz] – шведы, Swedish – шведский, Scot – шотландец; Scotch (offensive) = Scottish – шотландский, D.C. –District of Columbia –oкруг Колумбия, Versailles [veэ`sai] – Beрсаль,Capitol Hill – Капитолийский холм, the Supreme Court – Верховный Суд, the Arlington National Cemetery – the place where war veterans, statesmen and remarkable public figures are buried – Арлингтонское национальное кладбище, the Potomac [pэ`toumэk] River, Liberty Bell – Колокол Свободы

Vocabulary and Cultural Literacy List

1.harbor – port, part of water near the land that provides safety or protection for boats

– гавань, порт

2.torch – light, lamp – факел; tablet – a flat piece of stone, clay with writing cut into it – дощечка (с надписью)

3.enlighten – to give s/one information about s/th so that they understand more about it – просвещать

4.oppress – (1) to treat people who are less powerful in an unfair and cruel way; to burden, afflict, torment; (2) to make s/one feel worried and unhappy = depress –

угнетать

5.pay tribute to – to praise s/one or s/th publicly – отдавать должное/дань уважения

6.take in – to allow s/one to stay in your house or your country – приютить,

принимать гостя

7.starve – to suffer or to die because there is not enough food; cf. famish –умирать от голода; starved –very hungry; starvation (n.), famine (n.)

8.persecute – to treat s/one extremely badly or refuse them equal rights, especially because of their race, religion or political beliefs – to oppress, torment, ill-treat, victimize, abuse – преследовать, подвергать гонениям

9.framework – каркас; рама, рамки: within the framework of sth – в рамках

10.fetes [feits] – празднества

11.tower over/above – to be much taller than s/one or sth else – возвышаться над

12.centennial – столетний

13.proprietorship – ownership – предпринимательство; собственность; proprietor – s/one who owns a business – предприниматель

14.consciousness – s/one’s mind and thought; the knowledge or understanding that s/th exists or is important – сознание

15.hook – to attract s/one and keep their interest or loyalty – зацепить, be (get)

hooked (passive) «подсесть на»

16.a mere pittance – сущие гроши

17.distraction – an activity that you can do for fun; amusement, entertainment, diversion – развлечение

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18.acquire – gain, get (of knowledge, a new skill by learning), obtain sth (by buying it or being given it) – получить(знания), усваивать(язык), заполучить

19.vain (adj.) – worthless – тщетный, напрасный; proud, conceited, self-important –

тщеславный; in vain – напрасно, тщетно

20.ban (v) =forbid, prohibit, outlaw – to say officially that s/one is not allowed to do sth – запрещать; ban (n.) – prohibition, taboo

21.regard as (v.) – to consider, look upon – считать как, рассматривать в качестве; regard (n.) – relation, concern, reference; in/with regard to = concerning sth –

относительно, в отношении ч-т; regard for sth/s/one - respect, esteem – уважение 22. dismay (v.) – make s/one very worried, disappointed, or sad; scare, frighten, discourage – пугать, приводить в уныние; dismay (n.) – страх, испуг, уныние

23.restrict – limit, confine, restrain – ограничивать; restriction (n.)

24.enforce – to make sure that a law or rule is obeyed; to make sure that s/th happens or is done – проводить (законы) в жизнь, придавать силу, насаждать; enforcement

25.draft dodger – s/one who avoids joining their country’s armed forces when they are officially ordered to – лицо, уклоняющееся от призыва на военную службу; draft

(Am.) –conscription into the armed forces –набор в армию, призыв, вербовка; dodge

–to avoid doing sth unpleasant in a dishonest or clever way = get out of – увильнуть,

уклониться

26.investigation – the process of trying to find out all the details on order to discover who/what caused s/th or how it happened –расследование, следствие; исследование

27.recruit – hire, to get s/one to work in a company or join an organization –брать на работу, вербовать

28.tarnish sth with sth – запятнать

29.wiretap – a piece of equipment that secretly lets telephone conversations be heard/ recorded = bug– подслушивающее устройство, жучок

30.subversive – s/one who tries to destroy a government or an established belief – тот,

кто занимается подрывной деятельностью; subversive (adj.) – подрывной, гибельный

31.threat (to s/one or sth) (n.) – menace, intimidation – угроза; threaten (s/one or sth)

(v) – menace, intimidate – угрожать, нести опасность

Quakers [kweikэ] – members of a Christian religious group called the Society of Friends, whose members avoid violence and hold simple religious services with no priests – квакеры

Amish – the religious group in the US that live in a traditional way, mainly by farming, and refuse to use modern technology

bob cap – чепец

Theodore Roosevelt – 26th US President (Years in office:1901 – 1909)

FBI –Federal Bureau of Investigation: a US government department that deals with serious crimes that affect more than one state – ФБР – Федеральное Бюро Расследований

Vocabulary Check

I. Supply the word or phrase from the vocabulary list which correctly completes the sentence.

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1.There were no new suspects in the murder, but the i ____ is continuing. (investigation)

2.The wind kept the ship in h____ until the following afternoon. (harbor)

3.The church has r____ volunteers to help. (recruited)

4.They made a v____ attempt to protect the town from attack. (vain)

5.The town p____ t____ to the firefighters who died in the fire. (paid tribute)

6.The only weapon the court has to e___ cooperation is the t____ of sanctions. (enforce, threat)

7.Travel is a dream of mine, but a busy working life has r____ my opportunities. (restricted)

8.At 1.95 meters, Gregson t____ above his teammates. (towers)

II. Choose between the two alternatives to correctly complete the sentences.

1.He had found the conversation very enlightening/ enforcing.

2.The nuclear reactors which were restricted/ regarded as dangerously out of date, were replaced.

3.He lay there, drifting in and out of investigation/ consciousness.

4.They have denied acquiring / persecuting or killing political dissidents.

5.How can such a large quantity of knowledge be acquired / recruited?

6.Officials were confident there had been no threat / tribute to public health.

7.She was recruited / banned from competing for two years after failing a drugs test.

8.Trade unions had been ruthlessly oppressed / restricted during the dictatorship.

9.They were expelled from the country for vain / subversive activities.

10.What’s the best way to oppress / hook customers?

Comprehension Check

I. According to the text, are these sentences TRUE or FALSE? Correct the false statements.

1.In her left hand, the woman holds the Bible. (F) …(a tablet bearing the date July 4, 1776)

2.Many Frenchmen felt that they would like to pay tribute to America for enlightening the world. (F) …(for taking in starving and persecuted people and allowing them to live and worship as they wish)

3.A young American sculptor decided to mould the figure in copper. (F) ..(French sculptor Auguste Bertholdi.)

4.A great engineer Eiffel designed the framework inside the figure. (T)

5.In New York, the statue was anchored firmly to the pedestal designed by American architect Richard Morris Hunt.(T)

6.Now the Statue of Liberty is on Bedloe’s Island. (F)…(Liberty Island (1956)

7.Delaware is called the First State because it was the first to accept the Constitution in December, 1787. (T)

8.Basketball is America’s most popular sport because of all sports it is the most family friendly. (F) (…baseball)

9.Baseball is more affordable than basketball.(T)

10.Today kids have more enthusiasm for baseball video games. (T)

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11.The Amish are immediately recognizable because of shining buttons on their severe black suits. (F) (…no buttons on clothing)

12.Although the Amish hold fast to their customs, they use motor-propelled vehicles when working the land. (F) (…they will nit use electricity or motor-propelled vehicles)

13.No building in Washington may be taller than the dome of the Capitol. (T)

14.The Smithsonian Institution houses one of the largest libraries in the world.(F) … (thirteen museums, scientific buildings, and collections).

15.Washington D.C. and its immediate environs contain more historic structures, landmarks, and mementos of America’s birth than any other city. (F) (…Philadelphia)

II.Answer the questions for comprehension and discussion on pp 22, 24.

Discussion

Below is a poem by Emma Lazarus. Read the poem and discuss the questions that follow in groups of four.

The New Colossus

Not like the brazen* giant of Greek fame,

With conquering limbs astride from land to land;

Here at our sea-washed, sunset gates shall stand

A mighty woman with a torch, whose flame

Is the imprisoned lightning; and her name

Mother of Exile*. From her beacon-hand

Glows world-wide welcome; her mild eyes command

The air-bridged harbor that twin cities* frame.

Keep, ancient lands, your storied pomp! Cries she

With silent lips. “Give me your tired, your poor,

Your huddled* masses yearning* to breathe free,

The wretched refuse of your teeming* shore.

Send these, the homeless, tempest-tossed* to me,

I lift my lamp beside the golden door.”

Notes: brazen – behaving in the way that is not moral or socially acceptable, and not caring if other people are shocked or offended - бесстыдный; exiles – (1) s/one who has been forced to leave their own country usually for political reasons – изгнанные;

(2) s/one who is living or working away from home or the place that they prefer; twin cities – closely connected two cities from different countries –города-побратимы; huddled – gathered close together in order to stay warm, feel safe ; sitting with your arms and legs close to your body because you feel sick, cold, or very upset –сбивши-

еся в кучу; съежившиеся от боли и горя; yearn – to want sth a lot, especially that you feel you’ll never have; teeming – containing an extremely large number of people that are all moving around –переполненный, битком набитый; tempest-tossed – a situation in which people are very upset or excited – истерзанные бурей, немило-

сеpдной судьбой