4816

61

1)You were abroad. Tell your friend about your experience, culture shock and unusual food and customs.

2)You are talking with your mate about relationships between children and parents. In your culture children live with their parents until marriage because dependence on parents is considered positive. In your friend’s culture children live home when they are 18 because independence and self-reliance are considered positive.

2. Please search some information about customs in Germany, Iran and Great Britain.

3.What is the difference between having pride in one’s identity and being ethnocentric? Why do group of people become ethnocentric?

4.Give examples of stereotypes. Can you think of cases where stereotypes have turned into prejudice?

Chapter 10: Crime and Punishment

Part 1: Soapy Smith

Words to Remember

Rank (v) to assign to a particular position, station, class.

Notorious (adj) 1) widely and favorably known (a notorious gambler) 2) publicy or

generally known: a newspaper that’s notorious for its sensationalism

Con man - SLANG confidence man, a person who swindles others by means of a confidence game; swindler

Gang 1) a group or band 2) a group of youngsters or adolescents who associate closely Virtually (adv) for the most part, almost wholly; just about: He is virtually unknown. Control (v) the act of power or regulation, domination or command.

Reign (n) 1) the period during which a sovereign occupies the throne 2) royal rule 3) dominating power

Shoot-out (n) a gunfight that must end in defeat for one side or the other as between gunfighters on the south Texas

Prominent (adj) standing out so as to be seen easily ; conspicuous; particularly noticeable

Formative (adj)1) giving form or a shape 2) pertaining information or development. Fall on hard times - to experience ; encounter:

hard times.

Rustle up (phrasal verb) INFORMAL to find, gather or to rustle up some wood for a fire

Gambling - staking or risking money, or anything of value, to lose by betting. Oppose (v) to act against or provide resistance to; combat

Operation (n) an act of instance, process; the power to act.

62

Set smth up (phrasal verb) 1) to put up right 2) to put into a high or powerful position 3) to be assembled

Insulate (v) 1) to cover line or separate with a material that prevents or reduces the passage, transfer 2) to place in an isolated situation or condition; segregate.

Run-in (v) to visit casually Racket (n) organized illegal activity

Oversee (v) 1) to direct; supervise, manage 2) to see secretly 3) to survey Legitimate (adj) according to law, rules, standards

Lawless (adj) illegal , unlawful , unbridled , unruly , licentious

Charity (n) generous action or donation to aid the poor, ill or helpless; smth given to a person.

Surveyor (n) 1) a person whose occupation is surveying 2) supervisor

Showdown (n) 1) the laying down of one’s cards, face upward, in a card game 2) a conclusive settlement of an issue, difference in which all resources, power or the like, and used , decisive confrontation.

Suspect (v) to doubt or mistrust Struggle (n) a war, fight, conflict.

Get rid of smth - to eliminate or discard: get rid of trash Serve time in prison - to spend time in a prison

Cemetery (n) an area set apart for or containing graves, tombs or funeral urns; buring ground Syn: graveyard , churchyard

Tombstone (n) stone marker usually inscribed on a tomb or grave

Law-abiding (adj) obeying or keeping the law; obedient to law: Law-abiding citizens

EXERCISES:

1. Match the following words with their synonyms:

2. Give English translation:

Высоко котироваться, пользующийся дурной славой (известный), мошенник, банда, в сущности, контроль, власть(господство), выдающийся, оценивать на

63

смысловом уровне, раздобыть что-то, легитимный, преступный, благотворительность, подозревать, сражаться, оружие, законопослушный, проводить время за решеткой, кладбище, противиться, азартная игра.

3. Put the proper words or prepositions if it is necessary:

To rank, gang, to control, to serve time in prison, to oppose, legitimate, suspect, gun, control, notorious, reign, to rustle, struggle

1. We ______ ___ you as our best candidate.

2.There are _________ facts that murders have psychological problems.

3.Police bust up an inner-city _______.

4.She was in full ________ ___ the situation.

5.Our district is under the ______ ___ juvenile ______.

6.He ___________________ for nothing.

7.I’ll try and __________ you ___ something to eat.

8.Local people __________ ___ Soapy’s gang.

9.It is __________to pose such questions?

10.Mane ________ ___ doing it, were committed to prison.

11.He _________ ___ make him self heard.

12.We all know why so many ____________ Americans own guns.

13.The fire brought under ________.

4. Translate from Russian into English:

1. Она у нас самый лучший учитель. 2. Чикатило был отъявленным убийцей. 3. В наше время страшно ходить по улицам, так как существует много уличных шаек вредящих людям. 4. Территория была передана под контроль армии. 5. Стихия господствует над человечеством. 6. Он был выдающимся лидером банды, господствующей в штате Техас. 7. Вы можете найти еще двух игроков? В команде двое заболели. 8. Многие люди впадают в зависимость от азартных игр. 9. Законно ли отпускать преступников, которые разжигают межнациональный скандал? 10. Я предполагаю, что он сошел с ума. 11. Они боролись за жизнь. 12. Надгробие Соупи Смита стало любимым сувениром для искателей, верящих, что камень принесет удачу. 13. После короткого сражения два пистолета упали на землю. 14. Несмотря на “закононепослушность”, Смита любили и уважали. 15. Очевидно, он был выдающимся мошенником.

Extra Activities

1)What is vendetta? Was it pre-trial or post – trial punishment on 911 in Greece?

64

2)Find some information about crime and punishment according to Russian Truth.

3)Discuss the statement “Crime is born by either poverty or surfeit” in two teams. Team A is supportive to the following statement and Team B is opposite.

4)These lines are from a song. Comment on how do you understand them?

The law is sacred

It makes most people behave

But if you have the power

You make the law your slave.