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Чучкина Хоw то маке а пресентатион 2011

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МИНИСТЕРСТВО ОБРАЗОВАНИЯ И НАУКИ РОССИЙСКОЙ ФЕДЕРАЦИИ

НАЦИОНАЛЬНЫЙ ИССЛЕДОВАТЕЛЬСКИЙ ЯДЕРНЫЙ УНИВЕРСИТЕТ «МИФИ»

Л.Г. Чучкина, В.С. Штрунова

HOW TO MAKE

A PRESENTATION

Учебное пособие для проведения занятий с аспирантами

по устной практике

Рекомендовано к изданию УМО «Ядерные физика и технологии»

Москва 2011

УДК 811.111(075) ББК 81.2я7 Ч-96

Чучкина Л.Г., Штрунова В.С. How to make a presentation. Учебное пособие для проведения занятий с аспирантами по устной практике. М.: НИЯУ МИФИ, 2011. – 48 с.

Учебное пособие, написанное в соответствии с программой по иностранным языкам для неязыковых вузов, основано на современной концепции образовательного процесса.

Учебное пособие представляет собой сборник скомпилированных оригинальных английских материалов, обучающих подготовке и проведению презентации проблем в различных областях науки и техники.

Цель данного пособия – развитие умений и навыков составления и проведения презентации с общим охватом содержания текста и чтения с элементами анализа и перевода, развития смысловой и языковой догадки, умения устного общения на английском языке в объеме материала, предусмотренного программой, а также письменной речи. Пособие предусматривает взаимодействие всех видов речевой деятельности на занятии студентами и аспирантами, которые изучают английский язык для практического использования в профессиональной деятельности. Содержит обширный аутентичный текстовый материал по актуальным проблемам современного мира, тщательно отобранный активный словарь и систему упражнений к нему.

Подготовлено в рамках Программы создания и развития НИЯУ МИФИ.

ISBN 978-5-7262-1604-1

© Национальный исследовательский

 

ядерный университет «МИФИ», 2011

Оригинал-макет изготовлен С.В. Тялиной

Подписано в печать 15.11.2011. Формат 60×84 1/16 Уч.-изд. л. 3,0. Печ. л. 3,0. Тираж 100 экз. Изд. № 5/5. Заказ № 91.

Национальный исследовательский ядерный университет «МИФИ». 115409, Москва, Каширское шоссе, 31.

ООО «Полиграфический комплекс «Курчатовский». 144000, Московская область, г. Электросталь, ул. Красная, д. 42.

Contents

 

Introduction ....................................................................................

4

Part 1...............................................................................................

5

Part 2...............................................................................................

7

Part 3...............................................................................................

8

Part 4.............................................................................................

10

Part 5.............................................................................................

13

Part 6.............................................................................................

14

Part 7.............................................................................................

17

Part 8.............................................................................................

18

Part 9.............................................................................................

21

Part 10...........................................................................................

24

Part 11...........................................................................................

32

Grammar References....................................................................

35

Saying numbers ............................................................................

37

Neologisms...................................................................................

44

Appendix ......................................................................................

45

3

HOW TO MAKE A PRESENTATION

Introduction

A presentation is a prepared talk about a particular subject. There are many kinds of presentation: formal and informal; long or short; presenting a product or company or organization; to a known audience or a group of strangers; to a group with little or no knowledge of the subject or to a group with expert knowledge.

A presentation may be given to train people, to stimulate interest in a subject to provoke discussion or argument, to gain support, or simply to give information.

For any presentation, there are some skills that will help you to perform more effectively.

This chapter will look at these skills, and focus in particular on the key words and phrases that will help you to make effective presentations in English.

All presentations have a common objective. People give presentations because they want to communicate in order to:

inform

train

persuade

sell

A successful presentation is one of the most effective ways of communicating your message. And because English is so widely used in international business, a working knowledge of the vocabulary and techniques used in an English language presentation is a valuable asset.

We will start by exploring

the importance of preparation.

After that we will consider

what equipment to use

Then we will look at

how to “deliver “a presentation

After delivery, we will examine

the language of presentations

4

before moving on to

the presentation itself

Finally, we will conclude with

a review of what we have covered and take a test

Afterwards, you will be invited to

make your own presentation

Part 1

Preparation

With good preparation and planning, you will be totally confident and less nervous. And your audience will feel your confidence. And this will give you control of the audience and of your presentation. It will listen positively to your message.

Objective

Before you start to prepare a presentation, you should ask yourself: Why am I making this presentation?” Do you need to inform, to persuade, to train or sell? Your objective should be clear in your mind. If it is not clear in your mind, it cannot possibly be clear to your audience.

Equipment and visual aids

To help the audience follow your presentation it is a good idea to use some of the equipment and visual aids listed below to display your pictures, charts, graphs and diagrams. They are as follows. But let’s do it as an exercise.

Ex.1. Match the term with its definition.

Term

Definition

Equipment

1) overhead projector, a machine which projects im-

a. computer graphics

ages and text (35 mm slides) from a transparency onto

b. slide (BrE), diapositive

a screen.

(AmE)

2) they are circular in shape (like a pie).

c. flipchart

3) a small piece of photographic film showing images

d. glossary

or text, used with a slide projector.

e. handout

4) a list of words or terms , with definitions.

f. OHP

5) they can be vertical or horizontal

g. sample

6) a sheet of clear plastic showing images or text

h. slide projector

which are projected onto a screen by an overhead

i. transparency (BrE), slide

projector.

5

(AmE)

7) a page or pages distributed among the audience

j. whiteboard

showing information related to a talk.

Visual aids

8) a machine which projects photographic images

l. graphs

onto a screen.

m. piecharts

9) a small amount of a product for showing to people

n. barcharts

as an example.

 

10) a large white board for writing on with markers

 

(making marks which could be removed), common in

 

classrooms and offices.

 

11) large sheets of paper on a stand.

 

12) they can rise and fall.

 

13) images and text stored on computer which can be

 

projected directly onto screen.

Self-Assessment Test

Ex. 2. Are the following statements True or False?

True False

1.Piecharts are circular in shape.

2.A document distributed to an audience is called a 'handout'.

3.Eighty percent of the information that we absorb is absorbed visually.

4.A barchart can be horizontal or vertical.

5.Active verb are more powerful than passive verbs. (The answer is on p.6)

6.To 'rehearse' means 'to write'.

7.It is important to give as much information on a graphic as possible,

8.Piecharts can rise and fall.

9.An OHP is for the display of 35 mm slides.

10.Indelible markers are intended for use with whiteboards.

6

Part 2

Your objective is to write a short presentation Business Dialogues 1

Ex. 3. Before writing a short presentation, let’s study Dialogues 1.

Setting the scene

A. Hello everyone. It’s good to see you all here so early in the morning. My name is Hiro Rosado and I’d like to talk about how we organize language training here. First I’ll describe how English has become the company language, then I'll outline our study programmes. Finally I'd like to say something about some of our plans for the future.

Moving on

A.: … so that's all I wanted to say about the budget for next year. I'd now like to move on to the question Rosa raised earlier.

That leads me to my next point. We need to look carefully at how we plan for next year.

So, next year's budget, I'd now like to talk about the action we are talking to reach our targets.

Dealing with questions

A.How much is the project going to cost?

B.I'm afraid I can't say at the moment.

C.Can you tell us when the report will be ready?

B.I'm hoping to have it ready by the end of the week.

C.Are you planning to recruit more staff?

B. Sorry, I didn't catch the question. Could you repeat it, please? D. Sorry, I'd like to know if you are planning to recruit more staff.

B. Did everyone hear that? The question was: 'Are we planning to recruit more staff?'

Dealing with the unexpected

A.Oh, dear.

B.Is it broken?

A.Yes, the bulb is broken. I'm afraid I won't be able to use the projector. Could you bear with me? I have some paper copies in my briefcase.

B.Are you OK?

A.Yes, I think so. Could I have a glass of water? That's better. Sorry, where was I?

B.You were just about to tell us some interesting news.

7

Recapping

A.As I mentioned earlier, we hope to finish the project by the end of the year. I said that we were on schedule. Having said that, there are a couple of potential problems…

Coming to an end

A.I'd like to finish by thanking you all for coming here today and I

look forward to seeing you in two weeks' time. If anyone has any questions, please ask. I will be around for coffee later and you are very welcome to contact me if you have any queries before the next meeting.

Ex.4. While giving a presentation which of the following would you definitely want to include in a presentation, even a short presentation? Explain your choice.

Some jokes

The subject or title of your talk

You name

Purpose: why the subject will interest your audience

Details of your job

A ‘menu’ of main points that you will cover

Visuals

Details of the background situation

A summary

Factual information, organized as main points

Part 3

Now let’s come to structuring a presentation.

Ex.5. Read phrases a – g. They can be used for organizing and sequencing points in a presentation. At which step in the presentation would you use each phrase? Match phrases a – g with steps 1 – 7 in the framework on page 9.

a.My second point is…

b.So, first, I’m going to tell you about …

c.My objective is to …

d.Now let me summarise the main points again.

e.The subject of my presentation is …

f.I’ve divided my talk into three parts. First,… come… ; Second,

; And third, …

g.Now I’ll come to my last point.

8

Structure for a short presentation

Seven easy steps to an effective presentation

Step 1.

 

Step 2. Purpose

 

Step 3. Menu of

 

of the

 

main points

Introduction

 

 

 

presentation

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Step 6. Start

 

Step 5. Start

 

Step 4. Start

section 3

 

section 2

 

section 1

 

 

 

 

 

Step 7.

Summary and

conclusion

A Finnish construction company, AYT, is hoping to win a contract to build an apartment block in Poland. Leena Pertonnen, AYT’s marketing manager, will have three minutes to present an overview of AYT and its strengths to the Polish developers. Leena’s presentation will cover the following three main areas:

1. General information about the company.

2.International experience.

3.Reasons for AYT’s success.

Step1. Preparation

Ex.6. Prepare a short introduction for Leena and present it to the

rest of the group. You should consider the following questions when preparing the introduction.

1.How should Leena introduce herself?

2.What is the subject of the presentation?

3.What is he purpose in making this presentation to the audience?

4.What is the ‘menu’ of main points that she will include?

Step2. Presentation

Ex.7. Change the underlined verb phrases to an appropriate future form where necessary (see Grammar References p. 35).

9

In my presentation this morning, (1) I’m giving you an overview of our plans for the new office building, (2) I’m just outlining the main points briefly and then (3) you have the chance to study the drawings and to ask questions.

OKso this is the plan.

As you know, (4) we’re expanding our staff and we’re predicting that (5) we have 1,400 staff altogether by the end of next year. The new building (6) is able to accommodate up to 2,000, so (7) there is plenty of room for further expansion…

Now (8), I’m just going over the schedule for the move. Ideally, we want to move everyone in by 15th August. However, this (9) is perhaps difficult because of all the building work that (10) we have to complete by then. (11) We’re meeting with the builders on Monday and (12) we’re trying to get a commitment from them to complete by mid August.

So, to come back to the schedule. The main building work (13) starts on 1 March and the first stage (14) takes maybe 8 to 10 weeks. This is the stage where we (15) possibly see some delays, because (16) we are dependent on subcontractors and the delivery of materials. But if all goes well, we expect to start the second stage by mid May. (17) That part takes a further ten weeks, which brings us up to the end of July. Then, hopefully, (18) we start the third stage – the internal painting and equipping of the new offices – at the beginning of August.

Ex.7a. Now present your introduction dealing with the subject of your interest to the rest of the group.

Part 4

Now we are going to speak on time and length of a presentation and the language of a presentation.

Ex.8. Study the passage ' Making a presentation'. Pay attention to the underlined words:

Attitudes to time.

Some cultures place a lot of importance on precise timing. Other cultures feel that the timing of an activity should be approximate only. These different attitudes can affect the way people give presentations. How would you describe your culture? Complete your culture profile after studying the table below.

10