Lecture / Semester 2 / 11-канцерогенез

Cancer

cancerogens

Mutation +/- epigenetic dysregulation

In 1. Protoonkogenes (gain-of-function in result) 2. Tumor supression genes (loss-of-function in result)

What cancerogens?

1.Chemical – e.g. smoking

2.Physical – e.g. radiation, UV

3.Biological – e.g. HPV, HBV, HCV, H. pylori, schistosomiasis

What mutation?

1.in genes

2.chromosomal – e.g. t(9;22) - chronic myeloid leukemia

What protoonkogenes?

Growth factor

Growth factor receptors

Signal transduction from theese receptors – e.g. Ras Transcription factors

What tumor supression genes?

Inhibitiors of growth, proliferation, cell cycle, invasion,

Proapoptotic – e.g. p53 protein (TP53 gene)

DNA repair – e.g. BRCA